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A history of the working group to address Los Alamos community health concerns - A case study of community involvement and risk communication

Description: In May 1991, at a Department of Energy (DOE) public hearing at Los Alamos, New Mexico, a local artist claimed there had been a recent brain tumor cluster in a small Los Alamos neighborhood. He suggested the cause was radiation from past operations of Los Alamos National Laboratory. Data from the Laboratory's extensive environmental monitoring program gave no reason to believe this charge to be true but also could not prove it false. These allegations, reported in the local and regional media, a… more
Date: January 1, 2000
Creator: Otway, Harry & Johnson, Jon
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Design of a protocol for combined laser hyperthermia-photodynamic therapy in the esophagus

Description: Photodynamic laser therapy (PDT) for esophageal cancer has recently been studied in animal and clinical trials. In several animal experiments a synergetic effect was found by simultaneously applying PDT and hyperthermia (HT). In this paper an optical fiber system is described which can be used in the esophagus for combined PDT with a 1 W dye laser and HT with a 15--40 W Nd-YAG laser. Phantoms were developed to simulate the geometry of the esophagus using cow muscle. The spatial-temporal tempera… more
Date: February 1, 2000
Creator: London, R A; Eichler, J; Liebetrudt, J & Ziegenhagen, L
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

AZU-1: A Candidate Breast Tumor Suppressor and Biomarker for Tumor Progression

Description: To identify genes misregulated in the final stages of breast carcinogenesis, we performed differential display to compare the gene expression patterns of the human tumorigenic mammary epithelial cells, HMT-3522-T4-2, with those of their immediate premalignant progenitors, HMT-3522-S2. We identified a novel gene, called anti-zuai-1 (AZU-1), that was abundantly expressed in non- and premalignant cells and tissues but was appreciably reduced in breast tumor cell types and in primary tumors. The AZ… more
Date: February 4, 2000
Creator: Chen, Huei-Mei; Schmeichel, Karen L; Mian, I. Saira; Lelie`vre, Sophie; Petersen, Ole W & Bissell, Mina J
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Final progress report, Construction of a genome-wide highly characterized clone resource for genome sequencing

Description: At TIGR, the human Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC) end sequencing and trimming were with an overall sequencing success rate of 65%. CalTech human BAC libraries A, B, C and D as well as Roswell Park Cancer Institute's library RPCI-11 were used. To date, we have generated >300,000 end sequences from >186,000 human BAC clones with an average read length {approx}460 bp for a total of 141 Mb covering {approx}4.7% of the genome. Over sixty percent of the clones have BAC end sequences (BES… more
Date: February 14, 2000
Creator: Nierman, William C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Analysis of molecular expression patterns and integration with other knowledge bases using probabilistic Bayesian network models

Description: How can molecular expression experiments be interpreted with greater than ten to the fourth measurements per chip? How can one get the most quantitative information possible from the experimental data with good confidence? These are important questions whose solutions require an interdisciplinary combination of molecular and cellular biology, computer science, statistics, and complex systems analysis. The explosion of data from microarray techniques present the problem of interpreting the exper… more
Date: March 1, 2000
Creator: Moler, Edward J. & Mian, I.S.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Image reconstruction for a Positron Emission Tomograph optimized for breast cancer imaging

Description: The author performs image reconstruction for a novel Positron Emission Tomography camera that is optimized for breast cancer imaging. This work addresses for the first time, the problem of fully-3D, tomographic reconstruction using a septa-less, stationary, (i.e. no rotation or linear motion), and rectangular camera whose Field of View (FOV) encompasses the entire volume enclosed by detector modules capable of measuring Depth of Interaction (DOI) information. The camera is rectangular in shape … more
Date: April 1, 2000
Creator: Virador, Patrick R.G.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Thesis or Dissertation
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Risk-Based Management of Contaminated Groundwater: The Role of Geologic Heterogeneity, Exposure and Cancer Risk in Determining the Performance of Aquifer Remediation

Description: The effectiveness of aquifer remediation is typically expressed in terms of a reduction in contaminant concentrations relative to a regulated maximum contaminant level (MCL), and is usually confined by sparse monitoring data and/or simple model calculations. Here, the effectiveness of remediation is examined from a risk-based perspective that goes beyond the traditional MCL concept. A methodology is employed to evaluate the health risk to individuals exposed to contaminated household water that… more
Date: April 7, 2000
Creator: Maxwell, R. M.; Carle, S. F. & Tompson, A. F. B.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Development of high-intensity D-D and D-T neutron sources and neutron filters for medical and industrial applications

Description: This thesis consists of three main parts. The first one relates to boron neutron capture therapy. It summarizes the guidelines obtained by numerical simulations for the treatment of shallow and deep-seated brain tumors, as well as the results on the design of beam-shaping assemblies to moderate D-D and D-T neutrons to epithermal energies. The second part is about boron neutron capture synovectomy for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Optimal neutron energy for treatment and beam-shaping as… more
Date: May 10, 2000
Creator: Verbeke, Jérôme Maurice
Item Type: Refine your search to only Thesis or Dissertation
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Adaptive response against spontaneous neoplastic transformation induced by low dose ionizing radiation

Description: This project is being conducted to ascertain the shape of the dose response curve for neoplastic transformation in vitro over the dose range 0.0 to 10 cGy, and how this depends on radiation quality and dose fractionation. Preliminary data already have indicated that at a dose of 1 cGy the induced transformation frequency is less than the spontaneous transformation frequency. The results will be compared with animal and human epidemiological data on the induction of cancer by low doses of radiat… more
Date: June 1, 2000
Creator: Redpath, J. Leslie
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Environmental Analysis of Endocrine Disrupting Effects from Hydrocarbon Contaminants in the Ecosystem

Description: This annual report summarizes the progress of three years of a three-year grant awarded to the Center for Bioenvironmental Research (CBR) at Tulane and Xavier Universities. The objective of this project is to determine how environmental contaminants, namely hydrocarbons, can act as hormones or anti-hormones in different species present in aquatic ecosystems. The three major areas of research include (1) a biotechnology based screening system to identify potential hormone mimics and antagonists;… more
Date: June 1, 2000
Creator: McLachlan, John A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Linking Molecular Events to Cellular Responses at Low Dose Exposures

Description: The studies proposed in this project are to define thresholds in cell signaling pathways that are required for cellular transformation and may be targeted by low-dose radiation. Defining thresholds in transformation-related signal transduction pathways that are sensitive to low-dose radiation would be an important advancement in risk assessment and could be used to demonstrate nonlinear relationships between low-dose radiation and cancer.
Date: June 1, 2000
Creator: Weber, Thomas J.; Colburn, Nancy H. & Bowman, Michael K.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Mechanisms Involved in Trichloroethylene-Induced Liver Cancer: Importance to Environmental Cleanup

Description: The project is organized around two interrelated tasks: Task 1 develops the basic dosimetry parameters and provides in vivo data describing the mode of action tumorigenic and for the metabolites of TCE that produce liver cancer in mice, dichloroacetate (DCA) and trichloroacetate (TCA). Early work suggested that TCA was primarily responsible for TCE-induced liver tumor. More recent, mechanistic observations indicated that DCA played a prominent role. Therefore, studies were designed to determine… more
Date: June 1, 2000
Creator: Bull, Richard J. & Thrall, Brian D.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Sensitivity to Radiation-Induced Cancer in Hemochromatosis

Description: The objectives of this pilot project using HFE-knockout homozygotes and heterozygotes are to (1) determine whether the knock-out mice have greater sensitivity to radiation-induced cancer of the colon, liver and breast, (2) establish the dependence of this sensitivity on the accumulation of iron, (3) determine the extent to which cell replication and apoptosis occur in these target tissues with varying iron load, and (4) correlate the increases in sensitivity with changes in insulin-related sign… more
Date: June 1, 2000
Creator: J., Bull. Richard & Anderson, Larry E.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Tissue architecture and breast cancer: the role of extracellular matrix and steroid hormones

Description: The changes in tissue architecture that accompany the development of breast cancer have been the focus of investigations aimed at developing new cancer therapeutics. As we learn more about the normal mammary gland, we have begun to understand the complex signaling pathways underlying the dramatic shifts in the structure and function of breast tissue. Integrin-, growth factor-, and steroid hormone-signaling pathways all play an important part in maintaining tissue architecture; disruption of the… more
Date: June 1, 2000
Creator: Hansen, R K & Bissell, M J
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Mass Spectrometric Immunoassay for Parathyroid Hormone Related Protein (PTHrP)

Description: Many cancers, including prostate, breast and lung express parathyroid hormone related protein (PTHrP). Despite the common tumor overexpression of PTHrP, serum levels of PTHrP are not commonly elevated in affected patients. They postulate that the reasons for the discrepancy between tissue and serum measurements of PTHrP are the inadequate sensitivity and specificity of current PTHrP serum assays. To improve the clinical value of PTHrP serum assays for the cancer patient, they are developing a n… more
Date: June 16, 2000
Creator: Zheng, K.; Rivera, J. D.; Vogel, J. S.; Buchholz, B. A.; Burton, D. W.; Deftos, L. J. et al.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Accelerators for cancer therapy

Description: The vast majority of radiation treatments for cancerous tumors are given using electron linacs that provide both electrons and photons at several energies. Design and construction of these linacs are based on mature technology that is rapidly becoming more and more standardized and sophisticated. The use of hadrons such as neutrons, protons, alphas, or carbon, oxygen and neon ions is relatively new. Accelerators for hadron therapy are far from standardized, but the use of hadron therapy as an a… more
Date: June 23, 2000
Creator: Lennox, Arlene J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Feasibility of the utilization of BNCT in the fast neutron therapy beam at Fermilab

Description: The Neutron Therapy Facility at Fermilab has treated cancer patients since 1976. Since then more than 2,300 patients have been treated and a wealth of clinical information accumulated. The therapeutic neutron beam at Fermilab is produced by bombarding a beryllium target with 66 MeV protons. The resulting continuous neutron spectrum ranges from thermal to 66 MeV in neutron energy. It is clear that this spectrum is not well suited for the treatment of tumors with boron neutron capture therapy (BN… more
Date: June 23, 2000
Creator: Katja Langen, Arlene J. Lennox, Thomas K. Kroc and Paul M. DeLuca, Jr.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Final Environmental Impact Statement for the JEA Circulating Fluidized Bed Combustor Project

Description: This EIS assesses environmental issues associated with constructing and demonstrating a project that would be cost-shared by DOE and JEA (formerly the Jacksonville Electric Authority) under the Clean Coal Technology Program. The project would demonstrate circulating fluidized bed (CFB) combustion technology at JEA's existing Northside Generating Station in Jacksonville, Florida, about 9 miles northeast of the downtown area of Jacksonville. The new CFB combustor would use coal and petroleum coke… more
Date: June 30, 2000
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Examination of Genetic Alterations in Preneoplastic and Neoplastic Lesions of the Lung From Uranium Miners. Final Technical Report

Description: Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the United States and in Western Europe. The incidence of lung cancer in developing countries is rising as their cigarette smoking habits increase. The objectives of this proposed research are to analyze genetic alterations associated with the development and progression on non-small cell lung carcinoma (MSCLC). Endpoints that may be realized from this proposed research are: (1) detection of early genetic and/or cellular alterations which ult… more
Date: July 12, 2000
Creator: Anderson, Marshall
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Medical applications of nuclear physics and heavy-ion beams

Description: Isotopes and accelerators, hallmarks of nuclear physics, are finding increasingly sophisticated and effective applications in the medical field. Diagnostic and therapeutic uses of radioisotopes are now a $10B/yr business worldwide, with over 10 million procedures and patient studies performed every year. This paper will discuss the use of isotopes for these applications. In addition, beams of protons and heavy ions are being more and more widely used clinically for treatment of malignancies. To… more
Date: August 1, 2000
Creator: Alonso, Jose R.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Americans' Average Radiation Exposure

Description: We live with radiation every day. We receive radiation exposures from cosmic rays, from outer space, from radon gas, and from other naturally radioactive elements in the earth. This is called natural background radiation. It includes the radiation we get from plants, animals, and from our own bodies. We also are exposed to man-made sources of radiation, including medical and dental treatments, television sets and emission from coal-fired power plants. Generally, radiation exposures from man-mad… more
Date: August 11, 2000
Creator: NA
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

HEALTH EFFECTS OF DIESEL EXHAUST: AN HEI PERSPECTIVE

Description: Diesel engines have many advantages, including good fuel economy, power, durability, lower emissions of some pollutants (such as carbon monoxide) and of carbon dioxide (a greenhouse gas). However, there are a number of concerns that need to be addressed: (1) emissions of nitrogen oxides (which contribute to ozone formation) and of particulate matter (PM); (2) questions about cancer and other health effects from exposure to diesel PM; and (3) as efforts to decrease emissions progress, a need to … more
Date: August 20, 2000
Creator: Warren, Jane
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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