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CIS Modules Process R&D: Final Technical Report, October 2005 - June 2006

Description: The primary objectives of this subcontract were to: address key near-term technical R&D issues for continued improvement in thin-film PV products; continue process development for increased production capacity; pursue long-term R&D contributing to progress toward the MYTP goals for 2020 to increase the conversion efficiency to 15% and reduce module manufacturing costs to less than $50/m2, thus enabling PV systems with a 30-year lifetime at an installed cost of under $2.00/W; and advance… more
Date: July 1, 2006
Creator: Tarrant, D. E. & Gay, R. R.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

CIBS Solar Cell Development

Description: This research focused on efforts to prepare and characterize the first copper-indium-boron-diselenide (CIBS) photovoltaic materials. Attempts to fabricate CIBS in thin-film form followed a three-step process: 1) RF sputtering of copper, indium, and boron to form a copper-indium-boron (CIB) alloy; 2) ex-situ selenization of CIB via physical vapor deposition; 3) annealing the final product. No CIBS materials were produced with this method due to the formation of an unstable boron diselenide speci… more
Date: October 6, 2008
Creator: Exstrom, Christopher L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

CIGS Material and Device Stability: A Processing Perspective

Description: This is a general overview of CIGS material and device fundamentals. In the first part, the basic features of high efficiency CIGS absorbers and devices are described. In the second part, some examples of previous collaboration with Shell Solar CIGSS graded absorbers and devices are shown to illustrate how process information was used to correct deviations and improve the performance and stability.
Date: March 1, 2012
Creator: Ramanathan, K.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Presentation
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Junction Formation in CuInSe{sub 2} Based Thin Film Devices

Description: The nature of the interface between CuInSe{sub 2} (CIS) and the chemical bath deposited CdS layer has been investigated. We show that heat-treating the absorbers in Cd- or Zn-containing solutions in the presence of ammonium hydroxide sets up a chemical reaction which facilitates an extraction of Cu from the lattice and an in-diffusion of Cd. The characteristics of devices made in this manner suggest that the reaction generates a thin, n-doped region in the absorber. It is quite possible that th… more
Date: November 18, 1998
Creator: Ramanathan, K.; Wiesner, H.; Asher, S.; Bhattacharya, R. N.; Keane, J.; Contreras, M. et al.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

CIS-Type PV Device Fabrication by Novel Techniques; Phase I Annual Technical Report, 1 July 1998 - 30 June 1999

Description: This report describes work performed by International Solar Electric Technology, Inc. (ISET) during phase I of the R&D partnership subcontract titled ''CIS-Type PV Device Fabrication by Novel Techniques.'' The objective of this program is to bring ISET's novel non-vacuum CIS technology closer to commercialization by concentrating on issues such as device-efficiency improvement, larger-bandgap absorber growth, and module fabrication. Advances made in CIS and related compound solar cell fabri… more
Date: August 9, 1999
Creator: Basol, B. M.; Halani, A.; Kapur, V. K.; Leidholm, C. R.; Norsworthy, G. & Roe, R.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Role of Polycrystalline Thin-Film PV Technologies for Achieving Mid-Term Market-Competitive PV Modules

Description: This paper reviews the current commercial status of CuInSe2 alloys (collectively, CIS) and CdTe-based photovoltaic (PV) modules, comparing the performance of commercial products with the results achieved for solar cell and prototype module champions. We provide an update for these PV cell and module technologies, and also compare CIS and CdTe performance levels to the results achieved by the crystalline Si PV industry. This comparison shows that CIS and CdTe module technology presently offers t… more
Date: February 1, 2005
Creator: von Roedern, B.; Zweibel, K. & Ullal, H. S.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Alternative Heterojunction Partners for CIS-Based Solar Cells; Final Report: 1 January 1998--31 August 2001

Description: This report summaries work carried out in three areas: CIGSS cells based on ZnO buffer layers, cells with ZnS buffer layers, and general studies of the effects of buffer layers on device performance. These investigations were conducted mainly with CIGSS substrates provided by Siemens Solar Industries. ZnO buffer layers were grown by MOCVD and ZnS layers were deposited by chemical-bath deposition. Active-area efficiencies of 13.4% and 12.8% were achieved for cells based on ZnO and ZnS buffer lay… more
Date: January 1, 2003
Creator: Olsen, L. C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Optimization of Processing and Modeling Issues for Thin Film Solar Cell Devices: Final Report, 24 August 1998-23 October 2001

Description: This report describes results achieved during a three-year subcontract to develop and understand thin-film solar cell technology associated to CuInSe2 and related alloys, a-Si and its alloys, and CdTe. Modules based on all these thin films are promising candidates to meet DOE long-range efficiency, reliability, and manufacturing cost goals. The critical issues being addressed under this program are intended to provide the science and engineering basis for the development of viable commercial pr… more
Date: January 1, 2003
Creator: Birkmire, R. W.; Phillips, J. E.; Shafarman, W. N.; Eser, E.; Hegedus, S. S.; McCandless, B. E. et al.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Nano-scale Optical Spectroscopy of PV Materials: Preprint

Description: Presented at the 2001 NCPV Program Review Meeting: Micro-PL, solid immersion lens microscopy, and near-field microscopy characterized the low-temperature PL of PV materials and devices with sub-micron spatial resolution. A variety of novel high-spatial resolution techniques, including micro-PL, solid immersion lens microscopy and near-field microscopy have been used to characterize the low-temperature photoluminescence of photovoltaic materials and devices with sub-micron spatial resolution. Th… more
Date: October 1, 2001
Creator: Smith, S.; Dhere, R.; Ramanathan, K. & Mascarenhas, A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Advanced CIGS Photovoltaic Technology: Final Subcontract Report, 15 November 2001--13 February 2005

Description: The principal objective of Energy Photovoltaics, Inc., is to develop the best CIGS large-area module process based on capability of implementation on EPV's large-scale processing equipment. The first requirement was to develop recipes for CIGS, junction formation, and a high-quality ZnO window that together are capable of producing small-area devices with efficiencies in excess of 13%. The second requirement was to significantly improve the uniformity of all layers (Mo, CIGS, CdS, and ZnO) on l… more
Date: August 1, 2005
Creator: Delahoy, A. E. & Chen, L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Commercialization of CIS-Based Thin-Film PV: Final Technical Report, August 1998--November 2001

Description: This report describes the primary objectives of this subcontract, which are to scale up substrate size and to scale up production capacity of the baseline Siemens Solar Industries (SSI) CIS-based module process while introducing CIS-based products. The primary goals are to scale the substrate size from about 900 cm2 (1 ft2) to approximately 4000 cm2 by the middle of Phase II, and to achieve pilot production rates of 500 kW per year by the end of Phase III. Deliverables for the subcontract inclu… more
Date: September 1, 2002
Creator: Tarrant, D. E. & Gay, R. R.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Reconstruction and Energetics of the Polar (112) and ( 1 1 2 ) Versus the Non-Polar (220) Surfaces of CuInSe2: Preprint

Description: Presented at the 2001 NCPV Program Review Meeting: First-principles total-energy study of CIS reveals a number of (112) and (-1-1-2) surface structures stable at different atomic chemical potentials. First-principles total-energy study for CuInSe2 reveals a number of (112) and ({ovr 112}) surface structures stable at different atomic chemical potentials. This structure richness raises the possibility for engineering CIS/CIGS properties by surface control during the growth. The experimentally ob… more
Date: October 1, 2001
Creator: Zhang, S. B. & Wei, S. H.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Process R&D for CIS-Based Thin-Film PV: Final Technical Report, April 2002 - April 2005

Description: The primary objectives of this Shell Solar Industries subcontract are to address key near-term technical R&D issues for continued CIS product improvement; continue process development for increased production capacity; develop processes capable of significantly contributing to DOE 2020 PV shipment goals; advance mid- and longer-term R&D needed by industry for future product competitiveness including improving module performance, decreasing production process costs per watt produced, and… more
Date: January 1, 2006
Creator: Tarrant, D. E. & Gay, R. R.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

NREL PV working with industry, Third quarter 1998

Description: This quarterly report encourages cooperative R and D by providing the US PV industry with information on activities and capabilities of the laboratories. This issue contains information on the CIS and CdTe R and D teams, an editorial by Richard King on the stand-out accomplishments of the PV Program, and an overview of the NCPV Program Review Meeting highlighting the strength of US photovoltaics.
Date: December 4, 1998
Creator: Moon, S. & Cook, G.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Book
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Processing of CuInSe{sub 2}-based solar cells: Characterization of deposition processes in terms of chemical reaction analyses. Phase 2 Annual Report, 6 May 1996--5 May 1997

Description: This report describes research performed by the University of Florida during Phase 2 of this subcontract. First, to study CIGS, researchers adapted a contactless, nondestructive technique previously developed for measuring photogenerated excess carrier lifetimes in SOI wafers. This dual-beam optical modulation (DBOM) technique was used to investigate the differences between three alternative methods of depositing CdS (conventional chemical-bath deposition [CBD], metal-organic chemical vapor dep… more
Date: October 20, 1999
Creator: Anderson, T.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Commercialization of CIS-Based Thin-Film PV: Annual Technical Report--Phase II, September 1999 - August 2000

Description: This report describes the objective to establish reliable high-throughput, high-yield thin-film deposition processes to make CIS a viable option for the next generation of photovoltaics. Outdoor testing, accelerated environmental testing, and packaging development progressed throughout all phases of this subcontract. Siemens scaled up substrate size and scaled up production capacity of the baseline SSI CIS-based module process while introducing CIS-based products. The primary goals of this subc… more
Date: July 12, 2001
Creator: Tarrant, D. E. & Gay, R. R.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Ninth Workshop on Crystalline Silicon Solar Cell Materials and Processes: Extended Abstracts and Papers of the Workshop, 9-11 August 1999, Breckenridge, Colorado

Description: Since 1997, the PV sales have exceeded 100 MW/yr with > 85% of the production coming from silicon photovoltaics (Si-PV). As the PV demands increase in the new millennium, there will be a host of challenges to Si-PV. The challenges will arise in developing strategies for cost reduction, increased production, higher throughput per manufacturing line, new sources of low-cost Si, and introduction of new manufacturing processes for cell fabrication. At the same time, newer thin-film technologies,… more
Date: August 4, 2000
Creator: Sopori, B. L.; Gee, J.; Kalejs, J.; Saitoh, R.; Stavola, M.; Swanson, D. et al.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Device physics of thin-film polycrystalline cells and modules. Annual subcontract report, December 6, 1994--December 5, 1995

Description: This report describes the work on a number of projects carried out at both the cell and the module level during the past year. We investigated the effects of CdS thickness in collaboration with six CdTe cell-fabrication laboratories; there appears to be a critical thickness, between 500 and 1000 {Angstrom} depending on fabrication process, below which junction quality is degraded. Our experimental and modeling project showed that conduction-band offsets less than about 0.3 eV have little effect… more
Date: August 1, 1996
Creator: Sites, J.R.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Siemens solar CIS photovoltaic module and system performance at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Description: This paper evaluates the individual module and array performance of Siemens Solar Industries` copper indium diselenide (CIS) polycrystalline thin-film technology. This is accomplished by studying module and array performance over time. Preliminary temperature coefficients for maximum power, maximum-power voltage, maximum-power current, open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, and fill factor are determined at both the module and array level. These coefficients are used to correct module/arr… more
Date: May 1, 1996
Creator: Strand, T. R.; Kroposki, B. D. & Hansen, R.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Application of CIS to high-efficiency PV module fabrication. Phase 3 final technical report

Description: During this research period, researchers at International Solar Electric Technology (ISET) concentrated their efforts on three different areas of research. Within the National CIS R and D Team, ISET participated in the substrate/Mo interactions working group and investigated issues such as Na diffusion from the soda-lime glass substrate into the Mo layers and CIS films. Researchers determined that the Na content within the Mo layers was not a strong function of the nature of the Mo film. Howeve… more
Date: August 1, 1998
Creator: Basol, B.M.; Kapur, V.K.; Leidholm, C.R.; Halani, A.; Roe, R. & Norsworthy, G.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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