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ACTIVE CATHODES FOR SUPER-HIGH POWER DENSITY SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELLS THROUGH SPACE CHARGE EFFECTS

Description: This report summarizes the work done during the eleventh quarter of the project. Conductivity relaxation experiments were conducted on porous La{sub 0.5}Sr{sub 0.5}CoO{sub (3-{delta})} (LSC50) samples over a temperature range from 350 to 750 C, and over an oxygen partial pressure, p{sub O{sub 2}}, switch between 0.04 and 0.06 atm in order to determine the surface exchange coefficient, k{sub chem}. The normalized conductivity data could be fitted to a first order kinetic equation. The time const… more
Date: September 21, 2005
Creator: Virkar, Anil V.
open access

Active Transport of Nanomaterials Using Motor Proteins -Final Report

Description: During the six months of funding we have focused first on the completion of the research begun at the University of Washington in the previous funding cycle. Specifically, we developed a method to polymerize oriented networks of microtubules on lithographically patterned surfaces (M.S. thesis Robert Doot). The properties of active transport have been studied detail, yielding insights into the dispersion mechanisms (Nitta et al.). The assembly of multifunctional structures with a microtubule cor… more
Date: October 21, 2005
Creator: Hess, Henry
open access

The Adverse Effect Wage Rate (AEWR)

Description: This report introduces the adverse effect wage rate (AEWR) and the concerns out of which it grew, from the perspective of labor policy (not of immigration policy). American agricultural employers have long utilized foreign workers on a temporary basis, regarding them as an important manpower resource. Often employed at low wages and under adverse conditions, such alien workers, some argue, may compete unfairly with U.S. workers. To mitigate any "adverse effect" for the domestic workforce, a sys… more
Date: January 21, 2005
Creator: Whittaker, William G.
open access

AFCI UFP, Final Technical Report DE-FC07-00AL67053

Description: The project ''Creating an Educational Consortium to Support the Recruitment and Retention of Expertise for the Nuclear Weapons Complex'' was also known as the Advanced Fuel Cycle Initiative (AFCI) University Fellowship Program. Since its inception, the Advanced Fuel Cycle Initiative program and its predecessor, the Advanced Accelerator Applications (AAA) program, have engaged university researchers and students in the sciences necessary to answer technical questions related to reducing high-lev… more
Date: February 21, 2005
Creator: Dixon, Cathy
open access

Afghanistan: Post-War Governance, Security, and U.S. Policy

Description: Afghanistan’s stabilization appears to be gathering strength, about three years after the U.S.-led war that brought the current government to power. Successful presidential elections held on October 9, 2004 appear to be accelerating political and economic reconstruction, and the insurgency led by remnants of the former Taliban regime has been diminishing significantly. Since the defeat of the Taliban, Afghanistan no longer serves as a safe base of operations for Al Qaeda. Remaining obstacles to… more
Date: April 21, 2005
Creator: Katzman, Kenneth
open access

Africa: U.S. Foreign Assistance Issues

Description: This report discusses the issue of U.S. economic assistance to sub-Saharan Africa, highlighting the importance of continued assistance in light of U.S. national security and also various U.S.-led efforts to promote reform amongst African citizens themselves. U.S. assistance finds its way to Africa through a variety of channels, including the USAID-administered DA program, food aid programs, and indirect aid provided through international financial institutions and the United Nations.
Date: March 21, 2005
Creator: Copson, Raymond W.
open access

Agricultural Biotechnology: The U.S.-EU Dispute

Description: This report focuses on a conflict between the European Union (EU) and the United States, Canada, and Argentina. The United States suggests that the European Union's moratorium costs the U.S. 300 million dollars in exports to the EU annually. Moreover, the report highlights other concerns the U.S. has with the EU's biotechnology policies.
Date: January 21, 2005
Creator: Johnson, Barbara A. & Hanrahan, Charles E.
open access

Air Force FB-22 Bomber Concept

Description: The Air Force has expressed interest in developing a bomber variant of the F-22A Raptor to "bridge the gap" between today's bombers and a follow-on bomber in 2037. Questions exist regarding the FB-22's feasibility, cost, and combat potential.
Date: March 21, 2005
Creator: Bolkcom, Christopher
open access

An Analysis of Microbial Pollution in the Sinclair-Dyes Inlet Watershed

Description: This assessment of fecal coliform sources and pathways in Sinclair and Dyes Inlets is part of the Project ENVironmental InVESTment (ENVVEST) being conducted by the Navy's Puget Sound Naval Shipyard and Intermediate Maintenance Facility in cooperation with the US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington State Department of Ecology, the Suquamish Tribe, Kitsap County, the City of Bremerton, the City of Port Orchard, and other local stakeholders. The goal of this study was to identify microbial… more
Date: September 21, 2005
Creator: May, Christopher W. & Cullinan, Valerie I.
open access

Ancillary Services Provided from DER

Description: Distributed energy resources (DER) are quickly making their way to industry primarily as backup generation. They are effective at starting and then producing full-load power within a few seconds. The distribution system is aging and transmission system development has not kept up with the growth in load and generation. The nation's transmission system is stressed with heavy power flows over long distances, and many areas are experiencing problems in providing the power quality needed to satisfy… more
Date: December 21, 2005
Creator: Campbell, J.B.
open access

Appendix D-12A Building 332C Waste Accumulation Area

Description: This appendix is designed to provide information specific to the Building 332C Waste Accumulation Area (B-332C WAA), a waste storage area. This appendix is not designed to be used as a sole source of information. All general information that is not specific to the B-332C WAA is included in the Contingency Plan for Waste Accumulation Areas, dated July 2004, and should be referenced. The B-332C WAA is located in the southwest quadrant of the LLNL Main Site in Building 332, Room 1330. Hazardous an… more
Date: January 21, 2005
Creator: Chase, Dawn
open access

Appropriations for FY2005: Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs

Description: Appropriations are one part of a complex federal budget process that includes budget resolutions, appropriations (regular, supplemental, and continuing) bills, rescissions, and budget reconciliation bills. This Report is a guide to one of the 13 regular appropriations bills that Congress passes each year. It is designed to supplement the information provided by the House and Senate Appropriations Subcommittees on Foreign Operations.
Date: January 21, 2005
Creator: Nowels, Larry
open access

Avian Influenza: Agricultural Issues

Description: Since the fall of 2003, a strain of highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1) has spread throughout Asia, infecting mostly poultry but also a limited number of humans. The virus reached Europe in 2005, and the Middle East and Africa in 2006. Avian flu is highly contagious in domestic poultry. Strict biosecurity measures are practiced by commercial poultry farms and encouraged by governments. The economic effects of avian flu outbreaks can be significant, especially given international trade rest… more
Date: November 21, 2005
Creator: Monke, Jim
open access

Basic Research Needs for Solar Energy Utilization. Report of the Basic Energy Sciences Workshop on Solar Energy Utilization, April 18-21, 2005

Description: World demand for energy is projected to more than double by 2050 and to more than triple by the end of the century. Incremental improvements in existing energy networks will not be adequate to supply this demand in a sustainable way. Finding sufficient supplies of clean energy for the future is one of society?s most daunting challenges. Sunlight provides by far the largest of all carbon-neutral energy sources. More energy from sunlight strikes the Earth in one hour (4.3 ? 1020 J) than all the e… more
Date: April 21, 2005
Creator: Lewis, N. S.; Crabtree, G.; Nozik, A. J.; Wasielewski, M. R.; Alivisatos, P.; Kung, H. et al.
open access

Biotechnology for the Environment

Description: Joint US-European Community Pilot Program support for short-term exchanges of early career scientists.
Date: June 21, 2005
Creator: Suflita, Joseph M. & Wall, Judy D.
open access

Bird Banding Data

Description: No Description Available.
Date: July 21, 2005
Creator: van Hattem, M G
open access

Broadband Internet Access and the Digital Divide: Federal Assistance Programs

Description: Some policymakers, believing that disparities in broadband access across American society could have adverse economic and social consequences on those left behind, assert that the federal government should play a more active role to avoid a “digital divide” in broadband access. One approach is for the federal government to provide financial assistance to support broadband deployment in underserved areas. Others, however, believe that federal assistance for broadband deployment is not appropriat… more
Date: July 21, 2005
Creator: Kruger, Lennard G. & Gilroy, Angele A.
open access

The Budget for Fiscal Year 2006

Description: On February 7, 2005, the President presented his FY2006 budget, containing proposals and estimates for FY2006 through FY2010. The proposal has a deficit of $390 billion (3.0% of GDP) in FY2006, and steadily declining deficits through FY2010. The budget did not include estimates of the cost of the war on terror beyond FY2005. It did not include cost estimates of the Administration’s proposals for changes in Social Security. It did include specific proposals that, over five years, would reduce sp… more
Date: July 21, 2005
Creator: Winters, Philip D.
open access

Budget Reconciliation Legislation in 2005

Description: The budget reconciliation process is a two-step process involving the inclusion of reconciliation instructions in the budget resolution, which direct committees to develop legislation achieving the desired budgetary outcomes, and the subsequent consideration of the resultant reconciliation legislation under expedited procedures.
Date: December 21, 2005
Creator: Keith, Robert
open access

Calculation of Mass Transfer Coefficients in a Crystal Growth Chamber through Heat Transfer Measurements

Description: The growth rate of a crystal in a supersaturated solution is limited by both reaction kinetics and the local concentration of solute. If the local mass transfer coefficient is too low, concentration of solute at the crystal-solution interface will drop below saturation, leading to a defect in the growing crystal. Here, mass transfer coefficients are calculated for a rotating crystal growing in a supersaturated solution of potassium diphosphate (KDP) in water. Since mass transfer is difficult to… more
Date: April 21, 2005
Creator: Bell, J H & Hand, L A
open access

Campus-Based Student Financial Aid Programs Under the Higher Education Act

Description: This report discusses the issues likely to be considered during reauthorization are whether the campus-based programs provide types of aid to students that are not or cannot be provided via other postsecondary aid programs, and whether the current formulas for allocating funds to institutions for the operation of these programs are optimal. Provisions specific to each program, such as requirements for community service under FWS and terms and conditions of Perkins Loans also may be considered.
Date: April 21, 2005
Creator: Smole, David P.
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