Experiment Station Record, Volume 74, January-June, 1936 Page: 837
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1936] DAIRY FARMING-DAIRYING 837
The progress of laying batteries, D. C. KENNARD and V. D. CHAMBERLIN
(Ohio Sta. Bimo. But. 178 (1936), pp. 3-8).-In this article the authors have
brought together the available information on the feeding, management, and
behavior of layers in batteries, and have added to this data the results of
preliminary work on this subject at the station.
The cold storage of poultry, I, II (Jour. Soc. Chem. Indus., Trans., 53
(1934), No. 44, pp. 345T-349T, fig. 1).-Results of investigations at the Low
Temperature Research Station at Cambridge University are reported in two
parts.
I. Gas storage of chickens, E. C. Smith (pp. 345T-347T).-Tests to determine
the value of gas for storing table poultry beyond the ordinary storage
period practically resulted in failure. The principal cause was autodigestion
of the gut and belly wall, which carbon dioxide was unable to inhibit. This
limited successful storage to about 8 weeks at 30 to 31 F. Oxidation of the
fat occurred after prolonged storage and could be prevented only by maintaining
an atmosphere almost completely free of oxygen. In undrawn birds
carbon dioxide caused a swelling of the crop and protrusion of the vent,
which, without affecting the wholesomeness of the birds, detracted from their
market value. In drawn birds the cut muscular surfaces rapidly turned brown
in carbon dioxide, and shrinkage, due to drying, made the carcass unsightly.
II. Chemical changes in the fat of gas-stored chickens, C. H. Lea (pp. 347T349T).-In
this phase of the investigation, chemical changes in the fat during
storage were studied. From the results obtained it was concluded that, while
carbon dioxide practically eliminated mold and bacterial spoilage at 0, autolysis
of the tissues: by enzymes prevented any great extension of the storage life
for undrawn birds. Oxidation of the fat also contributed to spoilage after
long storage periods unless the carbon dioxide concentration very closely
approximated 100 percent.
DAIRY FARMING-DAIRYING
[Investigations with dairy cattle and dairy products by the Cornell Station]
([Newo York] Cornell Sta. Rpt. 1935, pp. 73-75, 77, 78, 88-90, 91, 92).Studies
with dairy cattle yielded information on the toxicity of cod-liver oil
to Herbivora, by C. M. McCay, L. A. Maynard, L. L. Madsen, and G. K. Davis;
the influence of grain mixtures of different fat levels upon milk secretion, by
Maynard, McCay, H. H. Williams, and Madsen; the precursor of milk fat,
by Maynard, McCay, R. Melampy, and A. Z. Hodson; effect of ingested fish
oils upon the composition of the blood and milk of lactating cows, by McCay,
Maynard, G. Davis, Hodson, and Madsen; influence of coconut oil meal and
palm-kernel oil meal on the percentage of fat in cow's milk, by E. S. Savage,
E. S. Harrison, Maynard, and S. H. Work; and a comparison of concentrate
or grain mixtures for dairy cows fed alfalfa hay and corn silage, by Savage,
Harrison, and Work.
With dairy products, data were obtained in studies of "oxidized" flavors
in milk, by E. S. Guthrie and H. J. Brueckner; milk lipase, by P. F. Sharp and
V. N. Krukovsky; stability of beta lactose as influenced by the method of
manufacture, by Sharp; chlorides in milk, by Sharp and E. B. Struble; the
occurrence of Streptococcus lactis in nature, by P. Stark; the growth of aerobic
and anaerobic bacteria in relation to free oxygen and the oxidation-reduction
potential, by G. Knaysi; and improved methods for the detection of colon
organisms in milk and water, by C. N. Stark and L. R. Curtis.
Supplementary report of an experiment to determine the effect of a low
calcium ration on reproduction in cattle.-Effects of further reduction in
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United States. Office of Experiment Stations. Experiment Station Record, Volume 74, January-June, 1936, book, 1937; Washington D.C.. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5082/m1/857/?rotate=90: accessed July 16, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.