Conductor Awareness of, Knowledge of, and Attitude Toward Sound Intensity Levels Generated During Ensemble-based Instructional Activities in College-level Schools of Music Page: 53
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current hearing health and safety issues inherent in the practice, performance, and
teaching of sounds generated during EBIAs.90
As previously stated in Chapter 1, in 2011 NASM took an official position to
recognize the importance of hearing health and injury prevention as a standard for all
member-accredited institutions. This is one of the first national acknowledgements
promoting hearing health and safety within the music discipline and among students
seeking a music degree in the United States. Of the conductors who participated in the
ACS 66% are employed by NASM-accredited institutions. The ACS reveals 24.1% "do
not know" if EBIAs they conduct ever exceed sound intensity levels capable of harming
human hearing and 54.9% do not know "what services and/or resources" their home
institutions offer to students of EBIAs. It also suggests conductors have a strong
openness to inform and to educate themselves about hearing health, but feel less
responsibility or posses a negative attitude toward informing and toward educating their
students personally during EBIAs they conduct.
While the current study is unable to indicate how attitude shapes awareness of
and knowledge of sounds generated during EBIAs, it does generalize that conductors
are unprepared and potentially unable to implement the current NASM health and safety
standard for hearing health into their curricula. If the new NASM standard for hearing
health and safety is to be achieved, conductors need to obtain a greater competency
90 NASM, "Handbook and Addendum," 1-200; Barrett, "Practice, Research, and Policy in Music
Education," 1-5; Forsythe, Kinney, and Braun, "Opinions on NASM Music Standards," 19-33; Millican,
"Band and Orchestra Rankings of Knowledge and Skill," 68-79; EU, "Directive 2003/10/EC," online; UK
Government, "Control of Noise at Work Regulations Act," online; U.S. DHHS, NIOSH, Criteria for a
Recommended Standard," 98-126; U.S. Dept. of Labor, "OSHA, Occupational Noise Exposure," CFR
1910, online; Chesky, Dawson, and Mancheter, "HPSM," 142-144; MENC, "Health in Music Education,"
online; MTNA, "Health in Music Teaching," online; Chesky, "Schools of Music and Hearing Loss
Prevention," S32-S37; Rawool and Colligon-Wayne, "Auditory Beliefs Related to Hearing Loss Among
College Students," 1-10.53
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Albin, Aaron J. Conductor Awareness of, Knowledge of, and Attitude Toward Sound Intensity Levels Generated During Ensemble-based Instructional Activities in College-level Schools of Music, dissertation, August 2012; Denton, Texas. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc149559/m1/66/?q=music&rotate=90: accessed July 18, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; .