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in subjects: "Plumes"

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Validation and sensitivity of a simulated photograph technique for visibility modeling

The Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory (LASL) visibility model is capable of producing simulated before and after pictures that illustrate visual effects of smoke plumes. Although the model has been under development for a few years, until recently there had been very little testing of the model against field experience or testing of sensitivity of the model results to numerical approximations used in the model. Further validation and sensitivity testing of the LASL model began in late 1979. The … more

Date: January 1, 1980

Creator: Williams, M.; Chan, L.Y. & Lewis, R.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Conversion rates in power plant plumes based on filter pack data. Part I. Coal-fired Cumberland plume

The TVA Cumberland Steam Plant plume was monitored during the August 1978 Tennessee Plume Study of Project STATE. Samples were obtained by employing a triple screen high-volume assembly which contained: (1) a quartz filter for collecting particulate SO/sub 4//sup 2 -/, NO/sub 3//sup -/ and NH/sub 4//sup +/, (2) two NaCl-impregnated cellulose filters for collecting gaseous nitrate, and (3) two K/sub 2/CO/sub 3/-impregnated cellulose filters for collecting SO/sub 2/. Formation rates of sulfate an… more

Date: January 1, 1980

Creator: Forrest, J; Garber, R W & Newman, L

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Review of Gaussian diffusion-deposition models

The assumptions and predictions of several Gaussian diffusion-deposition models are compared. A simple correction to the Chamberlain source depletion model is shown to predict ground-level airborne concentrations and dry deposition fluxes in close agreement with the exact solution of Horst.

Date: January 1, 1979

Creator: Horst, T.W.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Northern Arizona Basin Study (NABS), 1989

An experiment was conducted to better understand a frequent layer of northwest winds found in the Northern Arizona region. This layer has been observed most often in winter near the surface at Page, Arizona, and often opposes larger scale upper level west winds. The results of this experiment improved both the temporal and the down-valley spatial resolution of the flow structure in this region during winter. 11 refs., 9 figs.

Date: January 1, 1989

Creator: Porch, W.M.; Clements, W.E. & Grant, T.A.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Surface footprint from initial Chernobyl release as indicated by the meso-alpha MLAM (Multi-Layer Air Mass) model

This document reports the results of dose calculations from the Chernobyl reactor accident in April 1986. The calculations were completed in 1987. The results are now being published to disseminate the information to an audience of potential users. This study's objective was to model the transport path of materials released during April 26 and 27, the first 48 hours of the accident. 5 refs., 15 figs.

Date: December 1, 1989

Creator: Davis, W. E.; Olsen, A. R.; Didier, B. T.; Tucker, P. E. & Damschen, D. W.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Geophysics: Building E5032 decommissioning, Aberdeen Proving Ground

integration of data from surveys using three geophysical technologies has provided information used to define the locations of buried utilities, tanks, vaults, and debris near building E5032 at the Aberdeen Proving Ground. Ground penetrating radar (GPR) profiles indicate the presence of buried pipes, tanks, reinforcement rods (rebar), and remnants of railroad tracks. A magnetic map constructed from a detailed magnetic survey on the north side of the building outlines buried iron-rich objects th… more

Date: July 1, 1991

Creator: McGinnis, L.D. & Miller, S.F.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Influences of clouds and rain on the large-scale transport and deposition of sulfur

This paper describes the application of a three-dimensional, global-scale Eulerian model with an explicit description of cloud and chemical processes. Simulation results describing the transport of sulfur from North America and Europe across the north Atlantic Ocean during a climatological July are presented. Wet deposition was found to contribute slightly more to total sulfur deposition than dry deposition, a feature explained by the large amounts of precipitation during this month. The wet de… more

Date: July 1, 1991

Creator: Luecken, D.J.; Berkowitz, C.M. & Easter, R.C.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Initial evaluation of photographic data of F- and H-Area seepage basin outcrops

Photographic data for the Savannah River Plant (SRP) were reviewed for 1961 through 1987 to determine the value of this photography in estimating the timing and extent of the F- and H-Area seepage basin outcrops along the upper Four Mile Creek floodplain. In excess of 15,000 frames of photography of the SRP were reviewed. The quality of the photography varied widely and included panchromatic (black and white), natural color, and false color infrared. Altitudes of the photography ranged from 2,0… more

Date: February 8, 1988

Creator: Mackey, H. E., Jr.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Characterization of the solid, airborne materials created when UF/sub 6/ reacts with moist air flowing in single-pass mode

A series of experiments has been performed in which UF/sub 6/ was released into flowing air in order to characterize the solid particulate material produced under non-static conditions. In two of the experiments, the aerosol was allowed to stagnate in a static chamber after release and examined further but in the other experiments characterization was done only on material collected a few seconds after release. Transmission electron microscopy and mass measurement by cascaded impactor were used… more

Date: October 1, 1985

Creator: Pickrell, P. W.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

The potential of passive-remote Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to detect organic emissions under the Clean Air Act

The Clean Air Act of 1990 regulates the emission of 198 air toxics. Currently, there is no existing technology by which a regulatory agency can independently determine if a facility is in compliance. We have successfully tested the ability of passive-remote Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to detect chemical plumes released in the field. Additional laboratory releases demonstrated that FTIR spectroscopy can detect target analytes in mixtures containing components which have overla… more

Date: January 1, 1992

Creator: Demirgian, J.C.; Hammer, C.L. (Argonne National Lab., IL (United States)) & Kroutil, R.T. (Chemical Research, Development and Engineering Center, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD (United States))

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Offshore oceanographic and environmental monitoring services for the Strategic Petroleum Reserve. Volume I. Appendices. Annual report for the Bryan Mound Site, September 1982-August 1983

The Department of Energy's Strategic Petroleum Reserve Program began leaching the Bryan Mound salt dome and discharging brine into the coastal waters offshore of Freeport, Texas on March 10, 1980. This report describes the findings of a team of Texas A and M University scientists and engineers who have conducted a study to evaluate the effects of the Bryan Mound brine discharge on the marine environment. The study addresses the areas of physical oceanography, analysis of the discharge plum… more

Date: March 1984

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Conversion rates in power plant plumes based on filter pack data. Part II: The oil fired Northport plume

More than 60 airborne plume studies were conducted at a large oil-fired power station during a 3-1/2 year period. These studies were conducted to determine the typical rate of formation of sulfate in the plume and the conditions which most influence these atmospheric processes. The power plant chosen for this program is located in the northeast region of the US and during the course of these studies a typical variety of meteorological conditions were encountered. The diurnal variation was also … more

Date: unknown

Creator: Garber, R W; Forrest, J & Newman, L

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Development of vertical dispersion coefficients for deep-valley terrain. [Aerosol particle transport model]

Results are reported from studies conducted to determine reliable dispersion coefficients for use with the Gaussian plume model, that will represent a broader range of topographic conditions than was intended for the standard Pasquill-Gifford values. Total-vertical-dispersion coefficients for deep-valley terrain were developed from direct measurements of vertical dispersion made by the Norwegian Defense Research Establishment (NDRE) between 1965 and 1968, in three deep valleys, and one fjord lo… more

Date: September 1, 1977

Creator: Minott, D. H.; Shearer, D. L. & Marker, R. S.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Atmospheric oxidation of sulfur dioxide as viewed from power plant and smelter plume studies

An overview is presented of significant historical, recent, and new power plant and smelter plume studies which have been directed at understanding the atmospheric oxidation of sulfur dioxide. It can be concluded that the average rate of oxidation of sulfur dioxide in plumes entering into and mixing with clean air is generally less than 1% per hour but with polluted urban air the rate can be at least twice as fast. In addition, a diurnal variation in the rate is sometimes observed that is near … more

Date: January 1, 1980

Creator: Newman, L

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Dispersion experiments using short-term releases of an atmospheric tracer

The Mesoscale Atmospheric Transport Studies (MATS) experiments were undertaken to provide a data base for determining the accuracy of mesoscale atmospheric dispersion model predictions for short term releases. This paper describes the MATS experiments and compares observed dispersion parameters with theory. The movement of the sulfur hexaflouride cloud has been compared with wind sensors placed at several different elevations. The observed sigma-y values are also compared with theory and found … more

Date: January 1, 1985

Creator: Weber, A H & Kurzeja, R J

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Freely expanding detonation products: Scaling of rate processes

Using the Los Alamos reactive hydrodynamics code KIVA, calculations have been made to simulate the free expansion of cylinders of detonation products into a high vacuum. The emphasis of this paper is on the scaling of rate processes with cylinder size and initial conditions as a function of position in the expanding mass. The processes considered include diffusion, unimolecular decomposition, biomolecular radical reactions, and vibrational relaxation. The calculations also give time-dependent v… more

Date: January 1, 1988

Creator: Greiner, N. R.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

RETADDII: modeling long-range atmospheric transport of radionuclides

A versatile model is described which estimates atmospheric dispersion based on plume trajectories calculated for the mixed layer. This model allows the treatment of the dispersal from a source at an arbitrary height while taking account of plume depletion by dry and wet deposition together with the decay of material to successor species. The plume depletion, decay and growth equations are solved in an efficient manner which can accommodate up to eight pollutants (i.e. a parent and seven serial … more

Date: January 1, 1982

Creator: Murphy, B. D.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

User's manual for DWNWND: an interactive Gaussian plume atmospheric transport model with eight dispersion parameter options

The most commonly used approach for estimating the atmospheric concentration and deposition of material downwind from its point of release is the Gaussian plume atmospheric dispersion model. Two of the critical parameters in this model are sigma/sub y/ and sigma/sub z/, the horizontal and vertical dispersion parameters, respectively. A number of different sets of values for sigma/sub y/ and sigma/sub z/ have been determined empirically for different release heights and meteorological and terrai… more

Date: May 1, 1980

Creator: Fields, D. E. & Miller, C. W.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Feasibility of perfluorocarbon tracers (PFTs) in atmospheric source-receptor experiments

A brief description of the perfluorocarbon tracer (PFT) system, which includes the tracers and the release equipment, the air samplers and the analyzers, is presented along with details on the research needs to provide a viable system for MATEX-scenario experiments. The present family of 2 viable PFTs needs to be increased to 5 to 6. Given the present precision of the analysis system, a one year long tracer experiment consisting of 4 hour releases every 60 hours from 5 different sites would req… more

Date: March 1, 1984

Creator: Dietz, R. N. & Senum, G. I.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Radiological status of the ground water beneath the Hanford Site, January-December 1981

During 1981, 299 monitoring wells were sampled at various times for radionuclide chemical contaminants. This report is one of a series prepared annually to document and evaluate the status of ground water at the Hanford Site. Two substances, tritium and nonradioactive nitrate, are easily transported in ground water; therefore, these substances are used as primary tracers to monitor the movement of contaminated ground water. Data collected during 1981 describe the movement of tritium and the non… more

Date: April 1, 1982

Creator: Eddy, P.A.; Cline, C.S. & Prater, L.S.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

MESOI: an interactive Lagrangian trajectory puff diffusion model

MESOI is an interactive Lagrangian trajectory puff diffusion model based on an earlier model by Start and Wendell at the Air Resources Laboratory Field Office at Idaho Falls, Idaho. Puff trajectories are determined using spatially and temporally varying wind fields. Diffusion in the puffs is computed as a function of distance traveled and atmospheric stability. Exposures are computed at nodes of a 31 by 31 grid. There is also provision for interpolation of short term exposures at off-grid locat… more

Date: December 1, 1981

Creator: Ramsdell, J.V. & Athey, G.F.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Gaussian dispersion and dosimetric modeling sensitivity to area-specific 1982--86 meteorological data collected at the Savannah River Site

Radiological dose to the offsite maximum individual or the 50-mile population is often estimated assuming that operational atmospheric releases originate from the geographical center of the Savannah River Site. Historically, meteorological data collected from instrumentation on the H-Area tower have been utilized to estimate atmospheric dispersion from centrally located releases.'' This paper examines the effect on dose predictions using meteorological data from seven onsite towers located at A… more

Date: September 13, 1991

Creator: Hamby, D. M. & Parker, M. J.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Analysis of fluorescent particle tracer data

Four fluorescent particle tracer experiments were conducted during the July 1979 ASCOT experiment in the Anderson Creek Valley of northern California. The purpose of the experiment was to examine the transport and elongation of a plume traveling in the Anderson Creek nocturnal drainage flow and investigate the interaction of the Anderson Creek and Putah Creek flow fields. Sequential samples of tracer material at three downwind locations in Anderson Creek gave effective transport velocities of 1… more

Date: January 1, 1980

Creator: Clements, W.E.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Smolt Passage Behavior and Flow-Net Relationships in the Forebay of John Day Dam, 1983 Annual Report of Research.

During 1983, the research program had three separate but complementary phases - monitoring current patterns in the forebay, defining fish distribution with purse seine sampling, and describing the migration routes of salmonid smolts using radio tracking techniques. Preliminary results from the radio-tracking and purse seining operations in FY 1983 suggest that the discharge from the John Day River and the turbid plume it forms in the forebay may have a pronounced effect on the distribution of s… more

Date: April 1, 1984

Creator: Giorgi, Albert E.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department