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(In vivo mutagenicity and clastogenicity of ionizing radiation in nuclear medicine)

Description: The overall goals of our research remains to investigate the mutagenic and clastogenic effects of exposure to low levels of ionizing radiation in human lymphocytes. We are studying hospital patients referred to a nuclear medicine department for diagnostic cardiac imaging and nuclear medicine technologists who administer radionuclides.
Date: January 1, 1989
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Studies on Lymphocytes. [Part] 1. Lymphopenia Produced by Prolonged Extracorporeal Irradiation of Circulating Blood

Description: A method for extracorporeal irradiation of the circulating blood is described. Extracorporeal irradiation of the blood will produce a lymphopenia promptly which persists for weeks. Heparin in high doses in the calf produces a lymphocytosis and neutrophilic leukocytosis. (auth) Red cell sensitization by either agglutinating or incomplete antibodies was detected with an I/sup 131/ labeled rabbit antihuman globulin serum (RAG). Non-specific absorption of RAG by red cells was reduced to a minimum b… more
Date: August 1, 1962
Creator: Cronkite, E. P.; Jansen, C. R.; Mather, G. C.; Nielsen, N. O.; Usenik, E. A.; Adamik, E. R. et al.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Particulate oil shale inhalation and pulmonary inflammatory response in rats

Description: This experiment detrimetal that long-term inhalation of shale dusts by rats elicits a limited inflammatory response in the lung less profound than that observed in animals exposed to equivalent levels of quartz alone. This observation suggests that organic and inorganic constituents of shale may provide a protective effect. The implications for fibrogenic disease are two-fold: (1) inhalation of oil shale dusts appeared to be less detriemtal than the inhalation of quartz along, and (2) there was… more
Date: January 1, 1983
Creator: Wilson, J. S.; Holland, L. M.; Halleck, M. S.; Martinez, E. & Saunders, G.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Workshop on radiobiological effectiveness of neutrons

Description: The radiobiological effectiveness (RBE) of neutrons has become the subject of some heated discussions in both scientific and radiation-protection oriented communities. This has become especially so since the realization that neutron exposures of A-bomb survivors in Hiroshima were considerably lower than previously assumed, thus ''devaluating'' the importance of what we thought was a solid human data base. At the same time, more recent data from radiobiological research appeared to indicate that… more
Date: September 1, 1985
Creator: Stapleton, G. E.; Thomas, R. G. & Thiessen, J. W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Applications of optimal control theory to immunology

Description: When an animal is challenged by a foreign substance which promotes an immune response, certain cells within the animal begin dividing, secreting antibody molecules, and differentiating into more specialized cell types. Optimal control theory is applied to ascertain the best strategy available to the immune system in allocating its cells. By examining a variety of mathematical models for cell populations and their antibody production, it is found that the optimal strategy of bang-bang control is… more
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Perelson, A.S.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Maximum likelihood estimation for cytogenetic dose-response curves

Description: In vitro dose-response curves are used to describe the relation between the yield of dicentric chromosome aberrations and radiation dose for human lymphocytes. The dicentric yields follow the Poisson distribution, and the expected yield depends on both the magnitude and the temporal distribution of the dose for low LET radiation. A general dose-response model that describes this relation has been obtained by Kellerer and Rossi using the theory of dual radiation action. The yield of elementary l… more
Date: October 1, 1983
Creator: Frome, E.L & DuFrain, R.J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Localized or Systemic {italic In Vivo} Heat-Inactivation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV): A Mathematical Analysis

Description: Temperatures as low as 42 C, maintained for a little as 25 minutes, inactivate {approx}25% of HIV. Furthermore, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected T-cells are more sensitive to heat than healthy lymphocytes and susceptibility increases when the cells are pre-sensitized by exposure to tumor necrosis factor. Thus, induction of a whole-body hyperthermia, or hyperthermia specifically limited to tissues having a high viral load, are potential antiviral therapies for acquired immunodeficienc… more
Date: December 15, 1993
Creator: Pennypacker, Carl R.; Perelson, A.S.; Nys, N.; Nelson, G. & Sessler, D.I.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Non-destructive Identification of Individual Leukemia Cells by Optical Trapping Raman Spectroscopy

Description: Currently, a combination of technologies is typically required to assess the malignancy of cancer cells. These methods often lack the specificity and sensitivity necessary for early, accurate diagnosis. Here we demonstrate using clinical samples the application of laser trapping Raman spectroscopy as a novel approach that provides intrinsic biochemical markers for the noninvasive detection of individual cancer cells. The Raman spectra of live, hematopoietic cells provide reliable molecular fing… more
Date: March 5, 2007
Creator: Chan, J W; Taylor, D S; Lane, S; Zwerdling, T; Tuscano, J & Huser, T
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Mechanisms of Low Dose Radiation-induced T helper Cell Function

Description: Exposure to radiation above levels normally encountered on Earth can occur during wartime, accidents such as those at Three Mile Island and Chernobyl, and detonation of “dirty bombs” by terrorists. Relatively high levels of radiation exposure can also occur in certain occupations (low-level waste sites, nuclear power plants, nuclear medicine facilities, airline industry, and space agencies). Depression or dysfunction of the highly radiosensitive cells of the immune system can lead to serious co… more
Date: October 31, 2008
Creator: Gridley, Daila S.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The development of in vitro mutagenicity testing systems using T-lymphocytes

Description: This annual report describes progress in studies on hprt mutations induced by radon or Indium 111 along with the corresponding mutation frequency, cloning and molecular spectra in human T-lymphocytes. Parallel studies on the mutation susceptibility between individuals is being investigated by hprt mutation studies on ataxia telangiectasia and xeroderma pigmentosum.
Date: May 1, 1993
Creator: Albertini, R.J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Flow cytometric measurements of cell surface phenomena

Description: The study of cell surface phenomena by flow cytometry has been pursued by several groups. These studies have produced new insights into a variety of areas of biology. However, the capabilities of flow systems have not been fully exploited. A technique for discriminating between surface and volume fluorescence is proposed along with a method to quantitate cap formation in lymphocytes.
Date: January 1, 1979
Creator: Jett, J.H.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Biochemical endpoints of glucocorticoid hormone action

Description: Both the rapidly evolving metabolic effects of glucocorticoids and the more slowly developing lethal actions appear to be initiated via the synthesis of new mRNAs and proteins. The chronic suppression of cell growth may be the consequence of suppression of overall rates of protein synthesis (and probably RNA and DNA synthesis as well) that in turn may represent the cellular response to the small changes in ratios of adenine nucleotides that result from the suppression of oxidative ATP productio… more
Date: January 1, 1978
Creator: Young, D. A.; Nicholson, M. L.; Guyette, W. A.; Giddings, S. J.; Mendelsohn, S. L.; Nordeen, S. K. et al.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Modulation of lymphopoiesis

Description: During the current project period we have demonstrated correspondence between animal models and in vitro models of modulated lymphopoiesis. Our finding that G-CSF, a growth factor for neutrophil granulocytes, suppresses lymphopoiesis in long term bone marrow cultures (LTBMC) has important implications both for understanding the regulatory mechanisms of hemopoiesis and for clinical use of recombinant growth factors that are beginning to be widely used for the treatment of a variety of diseases. … more
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: Rosse, C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Intrinsic factors that can affect sensitivity to chromosome-aberration induction

Description: The paper addresses the question, are there individuals who are hypersensitive, or are more likely to be hypersensitive, to the induction of chromosome aberrations by radiation and chemicals. Lymphocytes of persons heterozygous for xeroderma pigmentosum, ataxia telangiectasia, and Fauconi's anemia were subjected to chemical and/or ionizing radiations to determine their sensitivity to chromosome aberration induction. In the majority of cases the sensitivity was intermediate between that of norma… more
Date: January 1, 1982
Creator: Preston, R. J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Spontaneous unscheduled DNA synthesis in human lymphocytes

Description: The rate of spontaneous unscheduled DNA synthesis in human lymphocytes was estimated from measurements of tritiated thymidine incorporation into double-stranded DNA (ds-DNA) during incubation of cells in vitro. The contribution of scheduled DNA synthesis to the observed incorporation was reduced by inhibiting replication with hydroxyurea and by separating freshly replicated single-stranded DNA (ss-DNA) from repaired ds-DNA by column chromatography. The residual contribution of scheduled DNA syn… more
Date: January 1, 1979
Creator: Forell, B.; Myers, L.S. Jr. & Norman, A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Radiation-Induced Leukemia: Comparative Studies in Mouse and Man

Description: We now have a clear understanding of the mechanism by which radiation-induced (T-cell) leukemia occurs. In irradiated mice (radiation-induced thymic leukemia) and in man (acute lymphoblastic T-cell leukemia, T-ALL) the mechanism of leukemogenesis is surprisingly similar. Expressed in the most elementary terms, T-cell leukemia occurs when T-cell differentiation is inhibited by a mutation, and pre-T cells attempt but fail to differentiate in the thymus. Instead of leaving the thymus for the perip… more
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: Haas, M.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Role of base damage in aberration formation: interaction of aphidicolin and x-rays

Description: The base analog cytosine arabinoside (CA) is an inhibitor of DNA synthesis that is able to induce chromosomal aberrations not only in the DNA synthetic (S) phase of the cell cycle but in cells in the pre- (G/sub 0/ or G/sub 1/) and in the post-DNA-synthetic (G/sub 2/) phases of the cell cycle as well. Incubation of human peripheral lymphocytes in CA following either G/sub 0/ or G/sub 2/ x irradiation causes a synergistic increase in chromosomal aberration frequency. CA is believed to preferenti… more
Date: January 1, 1981
Creator: Bender, M. A. & Preston, R. J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Investigation on the Pulmonary Effects of Intermetallic Beryllium Compounds. Final Report, January 1, 1976-December 31, 1978

Description: The pulmonary response to the exposure to tantalum and niobium beryllide, and a copper beryllium alloy was investigated. The findings were compared to beryllium metal as positive control. 2.5 or 0.5 mg as beryllium were given to rats by intratracheal intubation. At 30, 60, and 90 days after exposure the response was similar with each material. There was inflammatory infiltrate by lymphocytes, macrophage accumulation, and beginning fibrosis of the terminal bronchioles. Epithelial hyperplasia occ… more
Date: unknown
Creator: Stemmer, K. L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Biological response modifiers

Description: Much of what used to be called immunotherapy is now included in the term biological response modifiers. Biological response modifiers (BRMs) are defined as those agents or approaches that modify the relationship between the tumor and host by modifying the host's biological response to tumor cells with resultant therapeutic effects.'' Most of the early work with BRMs centered around observations of spontaneous tumor regression and the association of tumor regression with concurrent bacterial inf… more
Date: October 1, 1991
Creator: Weller, R. E.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Models for the interaction between cells of the immune system

Description: The following topics are discussed: mathematical models of cell-to-cell interactions; role of cell-to-cell contacts in regulating immune responses; cell-to-cell binding; the strength of specific bonds; rate of bond formation; and effects of binding on cell behavior. It is concluded that receptor accumulations are to be expected in areas of cell--cell contact. Gross alterations in membrane properties in these contact caps may result. (HLW)
Date: January 1, 1978
Creator: Bell, G.I.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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