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Heat Transfer and Latent Heat Storage in Inorganic Molten Salts for Concentrating Solar Power Plants

Description: A key technological issue facing the success of future Concentrating Solar Thermal Power (CSP) plants is creating an economical Thermal Energy Storage (TES) system. Current TES systems use either sensible heat in fluids such as oil, or molten salts, or use thermal stratification in a dual-media consisting of a solid and a heat-transfer fluid. However, utilizing the heat of fusion in inorganic molten salt mixtures in addition to sensible heat , as in a Phase change material (PCM)-based TES, can … more
Date: August 14, 2013
Creator: Mathur, Anoop
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Waste Heat Recovery and Recycling in Thermal Separation Processes: Distillation, Multi-Effect Evaporation (MEE) and Crystallization Processes

Description: Evaporation and crystallization are key thermal separation processes for concentrating and purifying inorganic and organic products with energy consumption over 1,000 trillion Btu/yr. This project focused on a challenging task of recovering low-temperature latent heat that can have a paradigm shift in the way thermal process units will be designed and operated to achieve high-energy efficiency and significantly reduce the carbon footprint as well as water footprint. Moreover, this project has e… more
Date: December 3, 2012
Creator: Dada, Emmanuel A.; Panchal, Chandrakant B.; Achenie, Luke K.; Reichl, Aaron & Thomas, Chris C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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High-Temperature Phase Change Materials (PCM) Candidates for Thermal Energy Storage (TES) Applications

Description: It is clearly understood that lower overall costs are a key factor to make renewable energy technologies competitive with traditional energy sources. Energy storage technology is one path to increase the value and reduce the cost of all renewable energy supplies. Concentrating solar power (CSP) technologies have the ability to dispatch electrical output to match peak demand periods by employing thermal energy storage (TES). Energy storage technologies require efficient materials with high energ… more
Date: September 1, 2011
Creator: Gomez, J. C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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High Temperature Phase Change Materials for Thermal Energy Storage Applications: Preprint

Description: To store thermal energy, sensible and latent heat storage materials are widely used. Latent heat thermal energy storage (TES) systems using phase change materials (PCM) are useful because of their ability to charge and discharge a large amount of heat from a small mass at constant temperature during a phase transformation. Molten salt PCM candidates for cascaded PCMs were evaluated for the temperatures near 320 degrees C, 350 degrees C, and 380 degrees C. These temperatures were selected to fil… more
Date: August 1, 2011
Creator: Gomez, J.; Glatzmaier, G. C.; Starace, A.; Turchi, C. & Ortega, J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Phase Change Materials in Floor Tiles for Thermal Energy Storage

Description: Passive solar systems integrated into residential structures significantly reduce heating energy consumption. Taking advantage of latent heat storage has further increased energy savings. This is accomplished by the incorporation of phase change materials into building materials used in passive applications. Trombe walls, ceilings and floors can all be enhanced with phase change materials. Increasing the thermal storage of floor tile by the addition of encapsulated paraffin wax is the proposed … more
Date: October 1, 2002
Creator: Hittle, Douglas C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Wallboard with Latent Heat Storage for Passive Solar Applications

Description: Conventional wallboard impregnated with octadecane paraffin [melting point-23 C (73.5 F)] is being developed as a building material with latent heat storage for passive solar and other applications. Impregnation was accomplished simply by soaking the wallboard in molten wax. Concentrations of wax in the combined product as high as 35% by weight can be achieved. Scale-up of the soaking process, from small laboratory samples to full-sized 4- by 8-ft sheets, has been successfully accomplished. The… more
Date: May 31, 2001
Creator: Kedl, R. J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Ice Slurry Cooling Research: Storage Tank Ice Agglomeration and Extraction

Description: A new facility has been built to conduct research and development on important issues related to implementing ice slurry cooling technology. Ongoing studies are generating important information on the factors that influence ice particle agglomeration in ice slurry storage tanks. The studies are also addressing the development of methods to minimize and monitor agglomeration and improve the efficiency and controllability of tank extraction of slurry for distribution to cooling loads. These engin… more
Date: August 1, 1999
Creator: Kasza, K. & Hayashi, Kanetoshi
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Solar power towers

Description: The high desert near Barstow, California, has witnessed the development of this country`s first two solar power towers. Solar One operated successfully from 1982 to 1988 and proved that power towers work efficiently to produce utility-scale power from sunlight. Solar Two was connected to the utility grid in 1996 and is operating today. Like its predecessor, Solar Two is rated at 10 megawatts. An upgrade of the Solar One plant, Solar Two demonstrates how solar energy can be stored in the form of… more
Date: April 1, 1998
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Solar Two

Description: Solar Two is a concentrating solar power plant that can supply electric power on demand to the local utility, Southern California Edison Company. It can do so because it operates not only during sunny parts of the day, but it can store enough thermal energy from the sun to operate during cloudy periods and after dark, for up to three hours, at its rated output of 10 megawatts (MW). For the first time ever, a utility scale solar power plant can supply electricity when the utility needs it most, … more
Date: April 1, 1998
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Thermal analysis and testing of a vacuum insulated catalytic converter

Description: Based on a recent US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) study, about 95% of all trips start after a cold-soak period of 16 hours or less. By preserving the heat in the catalyst between trips, exhaust gases could be processed without warm-up delay and without the usual cold-start emissions. Vacuum insulation and phase-change thermal storage have been incorporated into a catalytic converter design to enhance its heat-retention time. Laboratory testing of a bench-scale prototype showed that a `… more
Date: November 1, 1994
Creator: Burch, S. D.; Potter, T. F.; Keyser, M. A. & Benson, D. K.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Thermal energy storage technical progress report, April 1992--March 1993

Description: The Department of Energy (DOE) is supporting development of thermal energy storage (TES) as a means of efficiently coupling energy supplies to variable heating or cooling demands. Uses of TES include electrical demand-side management in buildings and industry, extending the utilization of renewable energy resources such as solar, and recovery of waste heat from periodic industrial processes. Technical progress to develop TES for specific diurnal and industrial applications under the Oak Ridge N… more
Date: May 1, 1993
Creator: Olszewski, M.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Microwave impregnation of porous materials with thermal energy storage materials

Description: A method for impregnating a porous, non-metallic construction material with a solid phase-change material is described. The phase-change material in finely divided form is spread onto the surface of the porous material, after which the porous material is exposed to microwave energy for a time sufficient to melt the phase-change material. The melted material is spontaneously absorbed into the pores of the porous material. A sealing chemical may also be included with the phase-change material (or… more
Date: December 31, 1992
Creator: Benson, D. K. & Burrows, R. W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Patent
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Design and simulation of latent heat storage units

Description: This report presents the results of two years of research and development on passive latent heat storage systems. Analytical models have been developed and extended, and a computer code for simulating the performance of a latent heat storage has been developed. The code is intended to be merged into a larger solar energy system simulation code and used for making realistic system studies. Simulation studies using a code which has a flexible and accurate routine for handling the storage subsyste… more
Date: April 1, 1992
Creator: Shamsundar, N.; Stein, E.; Rooz, E.; Bascaran, E. & Lee, T.C. (Houston Univ., TX (United States))
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Design and simulation of latent heat storage units. Final report

Description: This report presents the results of two years of research and development on passive latent heat storage systems. Analytical models have been developed and extended, and a computer code for simulating the performance of a latent heat storage has been developed. The code is intended to be merged into a larger solar energy system simulation code and used for making realistic system studies. Simulation studies using a code which has a flexible and accurate routine for handling the storage subsyste… more
Date: April 1, 1992
Creator: Shamsundar, N.; Stein, E.; Rooz, E.; Bascaran, E. & Lee, T. C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Case studies of thermal energy storage (TES) systems: Evaluation and verification of system performance

Description: We have developed two case studies to review and analyze energy performance of thermal energy storage CMS systems in commercial buildings. Our case studies considered two partial ice storage systems in Northern California. For each case, we compiled historical data on TES design, installation, and operation. This information was further enhanced by data obtained through interviews with the building owners and operators. The performance and historical data of the TES systems and their components… more
Date: January 1, 1992
Creator: Akbari, H. & Sezgen, O.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Case studies of thermal energy storage (TES) systems: Evaluation and verification of system performance. Final report

Description: We have developed two case studies to review and analyze energy performance of thermal energy storage CMS systems in commercial buildings. Our case studies considered two partial ice storage systems in Northern California. For each case, we compiled historical data on TES design, installation, and operation. This information was further enhanced by data obtained through interviews with the building owners and operators. The performance and historical data of the TES systems and their components… more
Date: January 1, 1992
Creator: Akbari, H. & Sezgen, O.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

A field study of the effects of inhomogeneities of surface sensible and latent heat fluxes

Description: In recent years, the problem of characterizing turbulent fluxes of heat, momentum, and moisture over inhomogeneous surfaces has received increasing attention. This issue is relevant to the performance of general circulation models (GCMs), in which a single grid element can encompass a variety of surface and topographical features. Although considerable progress has been made in describing the energy balance at a surface partially covered by vegetation, less is known about how to treat adjacent … more
Date: January 1, 1992
Creator: Doran, J. C.; Barnes, F. J.; Coulter, R. L. & Crawford, T. L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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District cooling: Phase 2, Direct freeze ice slurry system testing

Description: The objectives of this research are to: extend the range of pressure drop data for ice-water slurry flows, and design and build a prototypical ice slurry distribution system which demonstrates ice slurry handling at an end user's heat exchanger, without sending ice slurry directly through the heat exchanger. The results of Phase 1 work demonstrated a 40% reduction in pump power required to move an ice-water slurry versus the same mass flow of water only. In addition to lower pressure drop, pump… more
Date: January 2, 1991
Creator: Winters, P.J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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High-temperature thermal storage systems for advanced solar receivers materials selections

Description: Advanced space power systems that use solar energy and Brayton or Stirling heat engines require thermal energy storage (TES) systems to operate continuously through periods of shade. The receiver storage units, key elements in both Brayton and Stirling systems, are designed to use the latent heat of fusion of phase-change materials (PCMs). The power systems under current consideration for near-future National Aeronautics and Space Administration space missions require working fluid temperatures… more
Date: September 1, 1990
Creator: Wilson, D. F.; DeVan, J. H. & Howell, M.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Analysis of air-to-air heat exchanger performance data taken under the Residential Standards Demonstration Program

Description: The Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) initiated the Residential Standards Demonstration Program (RSDP) in 1983 to determine the costs and thermal performance improvements associated with increased levels of thermal integrity in new residences, as proposed by the Northwest Power Planning Council in the Model Conservation Standards (MCS). The program resulted in the construction of approximately 430 new residences, built to thermal performance standards, as dictated by the MCS in each of thre… more
Date: June 1, 1990
Creator: Drost, M. K.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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U.S. Department of Energy thermal energy storage research activities review: 1989 Proceedings

Description: Thermal Energy Storage (TES) offers the opportunity for the recovery and re-use of heat currently rejected to the ambient environment. Further, through the ability of TES to match an energy supply with a thermal energy demand, TES increases efficiencies of energy systems and improves capacity factors of power plants. The US Department of Energy has been the leader in TES research, development, and demonstration since recognition in 1976 of the need for fostering energy conservation as a compone… more
Date: March 1989
Creator: Hoffman, H. W. & Tomlinson, J. J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Advanced phase change materials and systems for solar passive heating and cooling of residential buildings

Description: During the last three years under the sponsorship of the DOE Solar Passive Division, the University of Dayton Research Institute (UDRI) has investigated four phase change material (PCM) systems for utility in thermal energy storage for solar passive heating and cooling applications. From this research on the basis of cost, performance, containment, and environmental acceptability, we have selected as our current and most promising series of candidate phase change materials, C-15 to C-24 linear … more
Date: January 1, 1988
Creator: Salyer, I. O.; Sircar, A. K. & Dantiki, S.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Transient thermal analysis of three fast-charging latent heat storage configurations for a space-based power system

Description: A space-based thermal storage application must accept large quantities of heat in a short period of time at an elevated temperature. A model of a lithium hydride phase change energy storage system was used to estimate reasonable physical dimensions for this application which included the use of a liquid metal heat transfer fluid. A finite difference computer code was developed and used to evaluate three methods of enhancing heat transfer in the PCM energy storage system. None of these three met… more
Date: January 1, 1988
Creator: Stovall, T. K. & Arimilli, R. V.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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