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in creator/contributor: "Kachru, Shamit"  
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Investigating Inflation in Type IIA

Description: We prove that inflation is forbidden in the most well understood class of semi-realistic type IIA string compactifications: Calabi-Yau compactifications with only standard NS-NS 3-form flux, R-R fluxes, D6-branes and O6-planes at large volume and small string coupling. With these ingredients, the first slow-roll parameter satisfies {epsilon} {ge} 27/13 whenever V > 0, ruling out both inflation (including brane/anti-brane inflation) and de Sitter vacua in this limit. Our proof is based on the… more
Date: December 14, 2007
Creator: Hertzberg, Mark P.; /MIT; Kachru, Shamit; /Stanford U., Phys. Dept. /SLAC; Taylor, Washington; Tegmark, Max et al.
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Holographic Systematics of D-brane Inflation

Description: We provide a systematic treatment of possible corrections to the inflaton potential for D-brane inflation in the warped deformed conifold. We consider the D3-brane potential in the presence of the most general possible corrections to the throat geometry sourced by coupling to the bulk of a compact Calabi-Yau space. This corresponds to the potential on the Coulomb branch of the dual gauge theory, in the presence of arbitrary perturbations of the Lagrangian. The leading contributions arise from p… more
Date: November 5, 2008
Creator: Baumann, Daniel; /Harvard U., Phys. Dept. /Princeton U.; Dymarsky, Anatoly; /Stanford U., Phys. Dept.; Kachru, Shamit; /Stanford U., Phys. Dept. /SLAC et al.
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Simple Stringy Dynamical SUSY Breaking

Description: We present simple string models which dynamically break supersymmetry without non-Abelian gauge dynamics. The Fayet model, the Polonyi model, and the O'Raifeartaigh model each arise from D-branes at a specific type of singularity. D-brane instanton effects generate the requisite exponentially small scale of supersymmetry breaking.
Date: August 8, 2007
Creator: Aharony, Ofer; /Weizmann Inst. /Stanford U., Phys. Dept. /SLAC; Kachru, Shamit; Silverstein, Eva & /Stanford U., Phys. Dept. /SLAC
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Gravity Duals of Lifshitz-Like Fixed Points

Description: We find candidate macroscopic gravity duals for scale-invariant but non-Lorentz invariant fixed points, which do not have particle number as a conserved quantity. We compute two-point correlation functions which exhibit novel behavior relative to their AdS counterparts, and find holographic renormalization group flows to conformal field theories. Our theories are characterized by a dynamical critical exponent z, which governs the anisotropy between spatial and temporal scaling t {yields} {lambd… more
Date: November 5, 2008
Creator: Kachru, Shamit; /Stanford U., Phys. Dept. /SLAC; Liu, Xiao; Phys., /Perimeter Inst. Theor.; Mulligan, Michael & /Stanford U., Phys. Dept. /SLAC
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A Gravity Dual of Metastable Dynamical Supersymmetry Breaking

Description: Metastable, supersymmetry-breaking configurations can be created in flux geometries by placing antibranes in warped throats. Via gauge/gravity duality, such configurations should have an interpretation as supersymmetry-breaking states in the dual field theory. In this paper, we perturbatively determine the asymptotic supergravity solutions corresponding to D3-brane probes placed at the tip of the cascading warped deformed conifold geometry, which is dual to an SU(N+M) x SU(N) gauge theory. The … more
Date: February 4, 2008
Creator: DeWolfe, Oliver; U., /Colorado; Kachru, Shamit; Mulligan, Michael & /Stanford U., Phys. Dept. /SLAC
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Stable Non-Supersymmetric Throats in String Theory

Description: We construct a large class of non-supersymmetric AdS-like throat geometries in string theory by taking non-supersymmetric orbifolds of supersymmetric backgrounds. The scale of SUSY breaking is the AdS radius, and the dual field theory has explicitly broken supersymmetry. The large hierarchy of energy scales in these geometries is stable. We establish this by showing that the dual gauge theories do not have any relevant operators which are singlets under the global symmetries. When the geometrie… more
Date: June 28, 2011
Creator: Kachru, Shamit; Simic, Dusan; /Stanford U., ITP /SLAC /Santa Barbara, KITP; Trivedi, Sandip P. & /Tata Inst. /Stanford U., ITP /SLAC
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Resolving Lifshitz Horizons

Description: Via the AdS/CFT correspondence, ground states of field theories at finite charge density are mapped to extremal black brane solutions. Studies of simple gravity + matter systems in this context have uncovered wide new classes of extremal geometries. The Lifshitz metrics characterizing field theories with non-trivial dynamical critical exponent z {ne} 1 emerge as one common endpoint in doped holographic toy models. However, the Lifshitz horizon exhibits mildly singular behaviour - while curvatur… more
Date: April 24, 2012
Creator: Harrison, Sarah; Kachru, Shamit; Wang, Huajia & /Stanford U., ITP /Stanford U., Phys. Dept. /SLAC
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A Simple Harmonic Universe

Description: We explore simple but novel bouncing solutions of general relativity that avoid singularities. These solutions require curvature k = +1, and are supported by a negative cosmological term and matter with -1 < w < -1 = 3. In the case of moderate bounces (where the ratio of the maximal scale factor a{sub +} to the minimal scale factor a{sub -} is {Omicron}(1)), the solutions are shown to be classically stable and cycle through an infinite set of bounces. For more extreme cases with large a{s… more
Date: December 14, 2011
Creator: Graham, Peter W.; /Stanford U., ITP; Horn, Bart; Kachru, Shamit; /Stanford U., ITP /SLAC; Rajendran, Surjeet et al.
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Towards a Holographic Marginal Fermi Liquid

Description: We present an infinite class of 2+1 dimensional field theories which, after coupling to semi-holographic fermions, exhibit strange metallic behavior in a suitable large N limit. These theories describe lattices of hypermultiplet defects interacting with parity-preserving supersymmetric Chern-Simons theories with U(N) x U(N) gauge groups at levels {+-}k. They have dual gravitational descriptions in terms of lattices of probe M2 branes in AdS{sub 4} x S{sup 7}/Z{sub k} (for N >> 1,N >&gt… more
Date: August 15, 2011
Creator: Jensen, Kristan; Kachru, Shamit; Karch, Andreas; Polchinski, Joseph & Silverstein, Eva
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D-brane Instantons in Type II String Theory

Description: We review recent progress in determining the effects of D-brane instantons in N=1 supersymmetric compactifications of Type II string theory to four dimensions. We describe the abstract D-brane instanton calculus for holomorphic couplings such as the superpotential, the gauge kinetic function and higher fermionic F-terms. This includes a discussion of multi-instanton effects and the implications of background fluxes for the instanton sector. Our presentation also highlights, but is not restricte… more
Date: June 19, 2009
Creator: Blumenhagen, Ralph; /Munich, Max Planck Inst.; Cvetic, Mirjam; U., /Pennsylvania; Kachru, Shamit; /Stanford U., Phys. Dept. /SLAC et al.
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Holographic Gauge Mediation

Description: We discuss gravitational backgrounds where supersymmetry is broken at the end of a warped throat, and the SUSY-breaking is transmitted to the Standard Model via gauginos which live in (part of) the bulk of the throat geometry. We find that the leading effect arises from splittings of certain 'messenger mesons,' which are adjoint KK-modes of the D-branes supporting the Standard Model gauge group. This picture is a gravity dual of a strongly coupled field theory where SUSY is broken in a hidden s… more
Date: June 19, 2009
Creator: Benini, Francesco; U., /Princeton; Dymarsky, Anatoly; /Stanford U., ITP; Franco, Sebastian; /Santa Barbara, KITP et al.
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Adventures in Holographic Dimer Models

Description: We abstract the essential features of holographic dimer models, and develop several new applications of these models. Firstly, semi-holographically coupling free band fermions to holographic dimers, we uncover novel phase transitions between conventional Fermi liquids and non-Fermi liquids, accompanied by a change in the structure of the Fermi surface. Secondly, we make dimer vibrations propagate through the whole crystal by way of double trace deformations, obtaining nontrivial band structure.… more
Date: August 12, 2011
Creator: Kachru, Shamit; /Stanford U., Phys. Dept. /SLAC; Karch, Andreas; /Washington U., Seattle; Yaida, Sho & /Stanford U., Phys. Dept.
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Effective Field Theory of Fractional Quantized Hall Nematics

Description: We present a Landau-Ginzburg theory for a fractional quantized Hall nematic state and the transition to it from an isotropic fractional quantum Hall state. This justifies Lifshitz-Chern-Simons theory - which is shown to be its dual - on a more microscopic basis and enables us to compute a ground state wave function in the symmetry-broken phase. In such a state of matter, the Hall resistance remains quantized while the longitudinal DC resistivity due to thermally-excited quasiparticles is anisot… more
Date: June 6, 2012
Creator: Mulligan, Michael; /MIT, LNS; Nayak, Chetan; /Station Q, UCSB; Kachru, Shamit & /Stanford U., Phys. Dept. /SLAC
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A New Theory of Anyons

Description: No Description Available.
Date: March 8, 2013
Creator: Fitzpatrick, A.Liam; /Stanford U., ITP; Kachru, Shamit; /Stanford U., ITP /SLAC; Kaplan, Jared; /SLAC et al.
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Metastable Vacua and D-branes at the Conifold

Description: We consider quiver gauge theories arising on D-branes at simple Calabi-Yau singularities (quotients of the conifold). These theories have metastable supersymmetry breaking vacua. The field theoretic mechanism is basically the one exhibited by the examples of Intriligator, Seiberg and Shih in SUSY QCD. In a dual description, the SUSY breaking is captured by the presence of anti-branes. In comparison to our earlier related work, the main improvements of the present construction are that we can re… more
Date: April 4, 2007
Creator: Argurio, Riccardo; Bertolini, Matteo; Franco, Sebastian & Kachru, Shamit
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Stringy Instantons and Quiver Gauge Theories

Description: We explore contributions to the 4D effective superpotential which arise from Euclidean D3 branes (''instantons'') that intersect space-filling D-branes. These effects can perturb the effective field theory on the space-filling branes by nontrivial operators composed of charged matter fields, changing the vacuum structure in a qualitative way in some examples. Our considerations are exemplified throughout by a careful study of a fractional brane configuration on a del Pezzo surface.
Date: October 24, 2006
Creator: Florea, Bogdan; Kachru, Shamit; McGreevy, John & Saulina, Natalia
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Type IIA Moduli Stabilization

Description: No Description Available.
Date: June 20, 2005
Creator: DeWolfe, Oliver; U., /Princeton; Giryavets, Alexander; Kachru, Shamit; /Stanford U., Phys. Dept. /SLAC; Taylor, Washington et al.
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Geometric Transitions and Dynamical SUSY Breaking

Description: We show that the physics of D-brane theories that exhibit dynamical SUSY breaking due to stringy instanton effects is well captured by geometric transitions, which recast the non-perturbative superpotential as a classical flux superpotential. This allows for simple engineering of Fayet, Polonyi, O'Raifeartaigh, and other canonical models of supersymmetry breaking in which an exponentially small scale of breaking can be understood either as coming from stringy instantons or as arising from the c… more
Date: October 1, 2007
Creator: Aganagic, Mina; Beem, Christopher; Kachru, Shamit & /UC, Berkeley /SLAC
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