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Localized or Systemic {italic In Vivo} Heat-Inactivation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV): A Mathematical Analysis

Description: Temperatures as low as 42 C, maintained for a little as 25 minutes, inactivate {approx}25% of HIV. Furthermore, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected T-cells are more sensitive to heat than healthy lymphocytes and susceptibility increases when the cells are pre-sensitized by exposure to tumor necrosis factor. Thus, induction of a whole-body hyperthermia, or hyperthermia specifically limited to tissues having a high viral load, are potential antiviral therapies for acquired immunodeficienc… more
Date: December 15, 1993
Creator: Pennypacker, Carl R.; Perelson, A.S.; Nys, N.; Nelson, G. & Sessler, D.I.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

The development of in vitro mutagenicity testing systems using T-lymphocytes

Description: This annual report describes progress in studies on hprt mutations induced by radon or Indium 111 along with the corresponding mutation frequency, cloning and molecular spectra in human T-lymphocytes. Parallel studies on the mutation susceptibility between individuals is being investigated by hprt mutation studies on ataxia telangiectasia and xeroderma pigmentosum.
Date: May 1, 1993
Creator: Albertini, R.J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Modulation of lymphopoiesis

Description: During the current project period we have demonstrated correspondence between animal models and in vitro models of modulated lymphopoiesis. Our finding that G-CSF, a growth factor for neutrophil granulocytes, suppresses lymphopoiesis in long term bone marrow cultures (LTBMC) has important implications both for understanding the regulatory mechanisms of hemopoiesis and for clinical use of recombinant growth factors that are beginning to be widely used for the treatment of a variety of diseases. … more
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: Rosse, C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Radiation-Induced Leukemia: Comparative Studies in Mouse and Man

Description: We now have a clear understanding of the mechanism by which radiation-induced (T-cell) leukemia occurs. In irradiated mice (radiation-induced thymic leukemia) and in man (acute lymphoblastic T-cell leukemia, T-ALL) the mechanism of leukemogenesis is surprisingly similar. Expressed in the most elementary terms, T-cell leukemia occurs when T-cell differentiation is inhibited by a mutation, and pre-T cells attempt but fail to differentiate in the thymus. Instead of leaving the thymus for the perip… more
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: Haas, M.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Biological response modifiers

Description: Much of what used to be called immunotherapy is now included in the term biological response modifiers. Biological response modifiers (BRMs) are defined as those agents or approaches that modify the relationship between the tumor and host by modifying the host's biological response to tumor cells with resultant therapeutic effects.'' Most of the early work with BRMs centered around observations of spontaneous tumor regression and the association of tumor regression with concurrent bacterial inf… more
Date: October 1, 1991
Creator: Weller, R. E.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Sensitive Microtiter Assays for NAD, NADP and Protein Quantification in Human Lymphocytes

Description: Intracellular levels of NAD are of renewed interest in clinical and basic science research due to the new discovery of enzymes which utilize NAD as a substrate. Microtiter assays for the determination of NAD, NADP and protein were developed as modifications of previously published methods. The resulting assays are simple, cost effective and sensitive. An improved method of isolating lymphocytes was also developed. The resultant procedure requires one hour and removes greater than 99.9% of the p… more
Date: May 1990
Creator: Johnson, James, 1964-
Item Type: Refine your search to only Thesis or Dissertation
Partner: UNT Libraries
open access

A model for the immune system response to HIV: AZT treatment studies

Description: We use mathematical models to describe the interaction of the immune system with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Our model includes T-lymphocytes and macrophages, cells which can be infected with the virus. Using our model we compare the efficacy of AZT treatments given at different stages of disease progression in order to predict when treatment should be initiated.
Date: January 1, 1993
Creator: Kirschner, D.E. (Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, TN (United States). Dept. of Mathematics) & Perelson, A.S. (Los Alamos National Lab., NM (United States))
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Expert systems for flow cytometry data analysis: A preliminary report

Description: Flow Cytometry has become an accepted technique in the clinical laboratory for rapid immunophenotyping of patient blood samples. Multiple, fluorescent labeled monoclonal antibodies are used to tag the cells, which are then analyzed one at a time at rates of several thousand cells a second. Patient samples are processed through the flow cytometer at more than one a minute. Clinicians are being overwhelmed by the large amount of data that must be analyzed to provide the information needed to assi… more
Date: January 1, 1990
Creator: Salzman, G.C. (Los Alamos National Lab., NM (USA)); Stewart, C.C. (Roswell Park Memorial Inst., Buffalo, NY (USA). Lab. of Flow Cytometry) & Duque, R.E. (Norwood Clinic, Birmingham, AL (USA))
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Genetic algorithms and the immune system

Description: Using genetic algorithm techniques we introduce a model to examine the hypothesis that antibody and T cell receptor genes evolved so as to encode the information needed to recognize schemas that characterize common pathogens. We have implemented the algorithm on the Connection Machine for 16,384 64-bit antigens and 512 64-bit antibodies. 8 refs.
Date: January 1, 1990
Creator: Forrest, S. (New Mexico Univ., Albuquerque, NM (USA). Dept. of Computer Science) & Perelson, A.S. (Los Alamos National Lab., NM (USA))
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Distributions of spontaneous chromosomal aberrations and of spontaneous and induced SCE and micronuclei in peripheral lymphocytes from a human population

Description: Biomonitoring of human populations for exposure to genotoxic/clastogenic agents in the environment or the workplace must depend upon statistical tests for elevations in the frequencies of the biological endpoints being monitored, usually chromosomal aberrations (CA), micronuclei (MN), or sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) in peripheral blood lymphocytes. Statistical tests are based, in turn, upon certain assumptions regarding the distribution of the test statistic. When they are often not recogni… more
Date: December 31, 1992
Creator: Bender, M. A. & Setlow, R. B.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

A model for the immune system response to HIV: AZT treatment studies

Description: We use mathematical models to describe the interaction of the immune system with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Our model includes T-lymphocytes and macrophages, cells which can be infected with the virus. Using our model we compare the efficacy of AZT treatments given at different stages of disease progression in order to predict when treatment should be initiated.
Date: May 1, 1993
Creator: Kirschner, D. E. & Perelson, A. S.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Immune network behavior: Oscillations, chaos and stationary states

Description: The authors report two types of behavior in models of immune networks. The typical behavior of simple models, which involve B cells only, consists of several coexisting steady states. Finite amplitude perturbations may cause the model to switch between different equilibria. The typical behavior of more realistic models, which involve both B cells and antibody, consists of autonomous oscillations and/or chaos. While steady-state behavior leads to easy interpretations in terms of immune memory, o… more
Date: April 1, 1994
Creator: De Boer, R. J.; Perelson, A. S. & Kevrekidis, I. G.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Involvement of recombination in x-ray mutagenesis of human cells

Description: Closely related human lymphoblastoid cell lines derived from WI-L2 differ greatly in their responses to X-irradiation. Compared with TK6 (ATCC CRL 8015), WI-L2-NS (ATCC CRL 8155) has an enhanced X-ray survival. The induction of mutation by X-rays is also markedly different. The hemizygous hprt locus is slightly more mutable in WI-L2-NS than in TK6, and the dose response fits best to a linear-quadratic curve rather than the linear fit of TK6X-ray induced mutation at the autosomal tk locus in het… more
Date: June 1, 1993
Creator: Amundson, S. A.; Xia, F. & Liber, H. L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

The development of in vitro mutagenicity testing systems using T-lymphocytes. Research progress report, November 1, 1992--October 31, 1993

Description: This annual report describes progress in studies on hprt mutations induced by radon or Indium 111 along with the corresponding mutation frequency, cloning and molecular spectra in human T-lymphocytes. Parallel studies on the mutation susceptibility between individuals is being investigated by hprt mutation studies on ataxia telangiectasia and xeroderma pigmentosum.
Date: May 1, 1993
Creator: Albertini, R. J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Effects of maglev-spectrum magnetic field exposure on CEM T-lymphoblastoid human cell growth and differentiation

Description: Exposure to magnetic fields similar to those produced by maglev vehicles (combined ac and dc components) was studied for the ability to alter cell growth and chemically induced cellular differentiation processes in cultured human CEM Tlymphoblastoid leukemia cells. A series of continuous and intermittent magnetic field (MF) exposures for varying lengths of time were tested at intensities up to 7-fold greater than that produced by the German TR07 maglev vehicle. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate o… more
Date: January 1, 1992
Creator: Groh, K. R.; Chubb, C. B.; Collart, F. R. & Huberman, E.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Involvement of recombination in x-ray mutagenesis of human cells

Description: Closely related human lymphoblastoid cell lines derived from WI-L2 differ greatly in their responses to X-irradiation. Compared with TK6 (ATCC CRL 8015), WI-L2-NS (ATCC CRL 8155) has an enhanced X-ray survival. The induction of mutation by X-rays is also markedly different. The hemizygous hprt locus is slightly more mutable in WI-L2-NS than in TK6, and the dose response fits best to a linear-quadratic curve rather than the linear fit of TK6X-ray induced mutation at the autosomal tk locus in het… more
Date: January 1, 1993
Creator: Amundson, S. A. (Los Alamos National Lab., NM (United States)); Xia, F. & Liber, H. L. (Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (United States))
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

The development of in vitro mutagenicity testing systems using T-lymphocytes. Research progress report, November 1, 1989--April 30, 1992

Description: This work has focused on the development of in vitro T-cell mutation assays. Conditions have been defined to measure the in vitro induction of mutations at the hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (hprt) locus in human T-lymphocytes. This assay is a parallel to our in vivo hprt assay, in that the same cells are utilized. However, the in vitro assay allows for carefully controlled dose response studies. 21 refs., 16 figs., 13 tabs.
Date: May 1, 1992
Creator: Albertini, R. J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Distributions of Spontaneous Chromosomal Aberrations and of Spontaneous and Induced Sce and Micronuclei in Peripheral Lymphocytes From a Human Population

Description: Biomonitoring of human populations for exposure to genotoxic/clastogenic agents in the environment or the workplace must depend upon statistical tests for elevations in the frequencies of the biological endpoints being monitored, usually chromosomal aberrations (CA), micronuclei (MN), or sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) in peripheral blood lymphocytes. Statistical tests are based, in turn, upon certain assumptions regarding the distribution of the test statistic. When they are often not recogni… more
Date: January 1, 1992
Creator: Bender, M. A. & Setlow, R. B.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Testing Methodologies

Description: Several methodologies are available for screening human populations for exposure to ionizing radiation. Of these, aberration frequency determined in peripheral blood lymphocytes is the best developed. Individual exposures to large doses can easily be quantitated, and population exposures to occupational levels can be detected. However, determination of exposures to the very low doses anticipated from a low-level radioactive waste disposal site is more problematical. Aberrations occur spontaneou… more
Date: January 1, 1990
Creator: Bender, M. A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Immunotherapy of metastatic melanoma by reversal of immune suppression

Description: Beginning with the observation that the human enteorvirus, Poliovirus Sabin 1, will lyse human melanoma cells in culture, clinical trials involving two patients with advance melanoma were performed. Parenteral injection of the viable Poliovirus into cutaneous melanoma metastases followed in 24 hours by oral administration of cyclophosphamide. The results of these two trials are described.
Date: January 1, 1997
Creator: Biggs, Max W. & Eiselein, John E.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Modulation of lymphopoiesis. Comprehensive progress report, January 1, 1991--July 30, 1991

Description: During the current project period we have demonstrated correspondence between animal models and in vitro models of modulated lymphopoiesis. Our finding that G-CSF, a growth factor for neutrophil granulocytes, suppresses lymphopoiesis in long term bone marrow cultures (LTBMC) has important implications both for understanding the regulatory mechanisms of hemopoiesis and for clinical use of recombinant growth factors that are beginning to be widely used for the treatment of a variety of diseases. … more
Date: December 31, 1991
Creator: Rosse, C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Biological Dosimetry: Mechanistic Concepts

Description: The study of the induction of chromosome aberrations by ionizing radiations has a 50 year history, having its initiation in the pioneering work of Karl Sax. Lea and his colleagues provided a more mathematical description of dose response curves and the effects of split doses, that allowed for the development of studies to better understand the process by which radiation induced chromosome aberrations. Subsequent studies have refined our understanding of the mechanism of induction, but many of t… more
Date: January 1, 1990
Creator: Preston, R. J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Competency development in antibody production in cancer cell biology

Description: This is the final report of a three-year, Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) project at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). The main objective of this project was to develop a rapid recombinant antibody production technology. To achieve the objective, the authors employed (1) production of recombinant antigens that are important for cell cycle regulation and DNA repair, (2) immunization and specific selection of antibody-producing lymphocytes using the flow cytometry and mag… more
Date: December 1, 1998
Creator: Park, M.S.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Immunological memory is associative

Description: The purpose of this paper is to show that immunological memory is an associative and robust memory that belongs to the class of sparse distributed memories. This class of memories derives its associative and robust nature by sparsely sampling the input space and distributing the data among many independent agents. Other members of this class include a model of the cerebellar cortex and Sparse Distributed Memory (SDM). First we present a simplified account of the immune response and immunologica… more
Date: December 31, 1996
Creator: Smith, D. J.; Forrest, S. & Perelson, A. S.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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