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Thermal treatment for chlorine removal from coal. Technical report, September 1, 1991--November 30, 1991

Description: It is the goal of this research to provide the technical basis for development of a process to remove chlorine from coal prior to combustion, based on a thermal treatment process. Through a bench scale study, mechanisms will be investigated, reaction rate constants and activation energies determined, and energy and mass balances performed. The recovery of the chlorine removed from the coal as a markable by-product, calcium chloride suitable for use as a road deicer, will be investigated using a… more
Date: December 31, 1991
Creator: Muchmore, C. B.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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[Theoretical studies of combustion dynamics]. Progress report, July 1989--June 1990

Description: Research is reported in 3 areas: reduced dimensionality theory of atom-diatom reactions (D+H{sub 2}, H+D{sub 2}, Cl+HCl), reduced dimensionality theory of diatom-diatom reactions (H{sub 2}+A{sub 2}{r_arrow}H+HA{sub 2}, H{sub 2}+CN{r_arrow}H+HCN), and L{sup 2} calculations of resonances (photodetachment spectra of ClHCl{sub {minus}} and IHI{sup {minus}}, H+CO system).
Date: December 31, 1990
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Synergistic capture mechanisms for alkali and sulphur species for combustion. Quarterly report No. 8, June--August 1992

Description: Response surface experimentation approach, using a variable sorbent injection point design, together with statistical regression has successfully been combined to generate continuous alkali capture functions. The use of a response surface to extract rate kinetics of sodium induced corrosion on a combustor test rig was previously reported by Lowell et al (1982). The results can now be combined to analyze the effect of sorbent injection temperature, chlorine and sulfur on sodium capture. A sodium… more
Date: December 31, 1992
Creator: Peterson, T. W.; Shadman, F.; Wendt, J. O. L. & Mwabe, P. O.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Molten Metal Treatment by Salt Fluxing with Low Environmental Emissions

Description: Abstract: Chlorine gas is traditionally used for fluxing of aluminum melt for removal of alkali and alkaline earth elements. However this results in undesirable emissions of particulate matter and gases such as HCl and chlorine, which are often at unacceptable levels. Additionally, chlorine gas is highly toxic and its handling, storage, and use pose risks to employees and the local community. Holding of even minimal amounts of chlorine necessitates extensive training for all plant employees. Fu… more
Date: July 31, 2007
Creator: Sahai, Yogeshwar
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Optimizing Technology to Reduce Mercury and Acid Gas Emissions from Electric Power Plants

Description: Revised maps and associated data show potential mercury, sulfur, and chlorine emissions for U.S. coal by county of origin. Existing coal mining and coal washing practices result in a 25% reduction of mercury in U.S. coal before it is delivered to the power plant. Selection of low-mercury coal is a good mercury control option for plants having hot-side ESP, cold-side ESP, or hot-side ESP/FGD emission controls. Chlorine content is more important for plants having cold-side ESP/FGD or SDA/FF contr… more
Date: January 31, 2005
Creator: Quick, Jeffrey C.; Tabet, David E.; Wakefield, Sharon & Bon, Roger L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Fundamentals of Mercury Oxidation in Flue Gas

Description: The objective of this project is to understand the importance of and the contribution of gas-phase and solid-phase coal constituents in the mercury oxidation reactions. The project involves both experimental and modeling efforts. The team is comprised of the University of Utah, Reaction Engineering International, and the University of Connecticut. The objective is to determine the experimental parameters of importance in the homogeneous and heterogeneous oxidation reactions; validate models; an… more
Date: July 31, 2006
Creator: Lighty, JoAnn S.; Silcox, Geoffrey; Fry, Andrew; Helble, Joseph & Krishnakumar, Balaji
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Optimizing Technology to Reduce Mercury and Acid Gas Emissions from Electric Power Plants

Description: County-average hydrogen values are calculated for the part 2, 1999 Information Collection Request (ICR) coal-quality data, published by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. These data are used together with estimated, county-average moisture values to calculate average net heating values for coal produced in U.S. counties. Finally, 10 draft maps of the contiguous U.S. showing the potential uncontrolled sulfur, chlorine and mercury emissions of coal by U.S. county-of-origin, as well as expe… more
Date: July 31, 2004
Creator: Quick, Jeffrey C.; Tabet, David E.; Wakefield, Sharon & Bon, Roger L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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OXIDATION OF MERCURY ACROSS SCR CATALYSTS IN COAL-FIRED POWER PLANTS BURNING LOW RANK FUELS

Description: The objectives of this program were to measure the oxidation of mercury in flue gas across SCR catalyst in a coal-fired power plant burning low rank fuels using a slipstream reactor containing multiple commercial catalysts in parallel and to develop a greater understanding of mercury oxidation across SCR catalysts in the form of a simple model. The Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) and Argillon GmbH provided co-funding for this program. REI used a multicatalyst slipstream reactor to dete… more
Date: December 31, 2004
Creator: Senior, Constance
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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High temperature corrosion during use of chlorine containing coal. Technical report, September 1, 1991--November 30, 1991

Description: The goal of this project is to characterize the role of chlorine in coal on the high temperature corrosion processes which can occur in coal combustion and conversion processes. The experiments include laboratory tests performed in well-controlled high temperature environments and field tests in industrial coal fired boilers. Evaluation of samples of boiler tubes which have been recovered from boilers which used both high and low chlorine coals does not indicate that the higher chlorine levels … more
Date: December 31, 1991
Creator: McNallan, M.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DIVISION SUMMARY REPORT, JANUARY, FEBRUARY, MARCH 1961

Description: 8 7 < 6 ; : : = 8 g developed for recovering fissionable and fertile materials from shortcooled reactor fuels. The second laboratory demonstration of the melt-refining process with highly irradiated EBR- IItype fuel pins was completed. A 392-g charge of U-5% fissium fuel pins irradiated to an estimated burnup of 0.4 total at.% and cooled 28 days was melt refined for three hours at 1400 deg C. Data were not obtained on the behavior of fission products. The effect of N concentration on the nitrid… more
Date: October 31, 1961
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Optimizing Techology to Reduce Mercury and Acid Gas Emissions from Electric Power Plants

Description: More than 56,000 coal quality data records from five public data sets have been selected for use in this project. These data will be used to create maps showing where coals with low mercury and acid-gas emissions might be found for power plants classified by air-pollution controls. Average coal quality values, calculated for 51,156 commercial coals by U.S. county-of-origin, are listed in the appendix. Coal moisture values are calculated for commercially shipped coal from 163 U.S. counties, wher… more
Date: January 31, 2004
Creator: Quick, Jeffrey C.; Tabet, David E.; Wakefield, Sharon & Bon, Roger L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Extraction, separation, and analysis of high sulfur coal. Technical progress report No. 13, June 22, 1990--October 15, 1990

Description: Coal Reaction Study: The results of the reaction of aqueous cupric chloride with Illinois {number_sign}6 coal are listed on page 21. These results indicate that the oxidative desulfurization of coal with cupric chloride is more complex and less effective than previously reported. Although almost all the pyritic and sulfate sulfur are removed from the coal, the organic sulfur is actually reported to have increased. This may be due to an actual increase in the organic sulfur through a side reacti… more
Date: December 31, 1990
Creator: Olesik, S.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Approaches for preventing and mitigating accidental gaseous chemical releases

Description: This paper presents a review of approaches to prevent and mitigate accidental releases of toxic and flammable gases. The prevention options are related to: choosing safer processes and materials, preventing initiating events, preventing or minimizing releases, and preventing human exposures. the mitigation options include: secondary confinement, de-inventory, vapor barriers, and water sprays/monitors. Guidelines for the design and operation of effective post-release mitigation systems are also … more
Date: December 31, 1996
Creator: Fthenakis, V. M.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Pilot plant testing of Illinois coal for blast furnace injection. Technical report, September 1--November 30, 1994

Description: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the combustion of Illinois coal in the blast furnace injection process in a new and unique pilot plant test facility. This investigation is significant to the use of Illinois coal in that the limited research to date suggests that coals of low fluidity and moderate to high sulfur and chlorine contents are suitable feedstocks for blast furnace injection. This study is unique in that it is the first North American effort to directly determine the nature of… more
Date: December 31, 1994
Creator: Crelling, J.C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Research in chemical kinetics. Annual report, September 1, 1989--December 31, 1990

Description: This report describes the progress in several projects: gas phase substitution reactions of thermal chlorine atoms with tetramethyl metallo-organic compounds; abstraction reactions by thermal chlorine atoms with tetramethyl metallo-organic compounds; gas phase thermal {sup 38}Cl reactions with M(CH{double_bond}CH{sub 2}){sub n}: non-RRKM decomposition of excited radicals (M = Sn, Si, n = 4; M = Sb, n = 3; M = Hg, n = 2); quantitative product identification for reactions of hydroxyl with {sup 14… more
Date: December 31, 1990
Creator: Rowland, F. S.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Selective Etching of Wide Bandgap Nitrides

Description: HIGH-DENSITY PLASMA ETCHING HAS BEEN AN EFFECTIVE PATTERNING TECHNIQUE FOR THE GROUP-III NITRIDES DUE TO ION FLUXES WHICH ARE 2 TO 4 ORDERS OF MAGNITUDE HIGHER THAN MORE CONVENTIONAL REACTIVE ION ETCH (RIE) SYSTEMS. GAN ETCH RATES EXCEEDING 0.68 MICROMETER/MIN HAVE BEEN REPORTED IN C12/H2/AR INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMAS (ICP) AT -280 V DC-BIAS. UNDER THESE CONDITIONS, THE ETCH MECHANISM IS DOMINATED BY ION BOMBARDMENT ENERGIES WHICH CAN INDUCE DAMAGE AND MINIMIZE ETCH SELECTIVITY. HIGH SELECTIVI… more
Date: December 31, 1997
Creator: Shul, R. J.; Willison, C. G.; Bridges, M. M.; Han, J.; Lee, J. W.; Pearton, S. J. et al.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Research in chemical kinetics. Annual report, 1993

Description: Progress on the seven projects under this contract is reported. The projects are: (1) Chlorine atom reactions with vinyl bromide. Mass spectrometric investigations of the anti-Markownikoff rule. (2) Chlorine atom reactions with CF{sub 2}{double_bond}CFBr. (3) Gas phase thermal {sup 38}Cl reactions with (CH{sub 2}{double_bond}CH){sub n}M (M=Sn, Si, n=4; M=Sb, n=3; M=Hg, n=2). (4) Gas phase reactions of thermal chlorine atoms with (CH{sub 3}){sub 4}M (M=C, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb). (5) Hydrogen abstractio… more
Date: December 31, 1993
Creator: Rowland, F. S.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Phase II of the demonstration of the Koppelman series C process. Topical report, February 1995--February 1996

Description: A pilot plant using the Koppelman Series C Process was designed, constructed, and operated near Gillette, Wyoming, as part of Phase I of this project. Construction was completed in late fall of 1993, and the shakedown was completed in early 1994. The initial series of tests performed to prove the process and to characterize the effluents was conducted during the first half of 1994. The results of those tests are described in the final report for Phase I. This report describes the activities con… more
Date: December 31, 1998
Creator: Merriam, N.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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A study of the failure mechanism of chlorine anodes

Description: Thin coating RuO{sub 2}{minus}TiO{sub 2} electrodes, which mimic the DSA anodes, have been prepared and tested for their activity toward the chlorine evolution reaction and subjected to life time testing. Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry has been used concurrently with electrochemical measurements to analyze changes in the ruthenium content of the coating. The decrease in electrode activity is found to be closely related to a decrease in Ru content, and the measured profiles indicate that… more
Date: December 31, 1995
Creator: Vallet, C. E.; Zuhr, R. A.; Tilak, B. V. & Chen, C. P.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Advanced characterization of forms of chlorine, organic sulfur and trace elements in available coals from operating Illinois mines. Quarterly report, 1 December 1994--28 February 1995

Description: The goals of the study are (1) to use X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) to determine forms of chlorine (inorganic, ionic, and organic) and forms of organic sulfur (organic sulfide and thiophenic sulfur) in as-shipped coals from Illinois mines, (2) to obtain basic data on chlorine removal via froth flotation at fine ({minus}200 mesh) and ultrafine ({minus}400 mesh) particle sizes, and (3) to evaluate XANES for direct assessment of the organic/inorganic affinities of trace elements.… more
Date: December 31, 1995
Creator: Chou, M.I.M.; Demir, I.; Ruch, R.R. & Lytle, S.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Advanced characterization of forms of chlorine, organic sulfur, and trace elements in available coals from operating Illinois mines. [Quarterly] technical report, September 1--November 30, 1994

Description: A set of 34 as-shipped coal samples from operating Illinois mines is available for this study to determine the forms of chlorine and sulfur and leachability of chlorine during wet grinding and froth flotation. The forms of chlorine may be inorganic, ionic, and organic. The forms of organic sulfur will include organic sulfide and thiophenic sulfur. Chlorine can be leached from coal during wet grinding. The potential for removal of chlorine from the samples during fine ({minus}200 mesh) and ultra… more
Date: December 31, 1994
Creator: Chou, M.I.M.; Demir, I. & Ruch, J.M.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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