336 Matching Results

Search Results

Advanced search parameters have been applied.
in subjects: "Quantitative Chemical Analysis"  
Results: 1 - 24 next
open access

Programmable multi-timer for TRU waste analysis applications

Description: A programmable, multiple-function timing module has been developed for use in transuranic (TRU) waste analysis applications at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory. The Programmable Multi-Timer (PRMT) is an expanded version of a module originally built for accelerator-based active photon interrogation experiments. During the course of the experiments, it became obvious that a more versatile timer was needed to meet several unforeseen requirements. The PRMT was designed to meet the new requ… more
Date: January 1, 1981
Creator: Lawrence, R.S.; Nieschmidt, E.B. & Tsang, F.Y.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Humic substance formation during wastewater infiltration

Description: Soil infiltration of wastewater effluents is a widely practiced method of treatment and disposal/reuse throughout the world. Renovation of the wastewater results from a wide variety of complex physicochemical and biological processes. One set of processes is speculated to involve the accumulation of organic matter by filtration and sorption followed by formation of humic substances. This humic substance formation can effect the performance of soil treatment systems by contributing to soil pore … more
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: Siegrist, R.L. (Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States)); Hildmann-Smed, R.; Filip, Z.K. (Bundesgesundheitsamt (BGA), Langen (Germany). Inst. fuer Wasser-, Boden- und Lufthygiene) & Jenssen, P.D. (Norges Landbrukshoegskole, Aas (Norway). Centre for Soil and Environmental Research)
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Object-oriented data handling system for an automated chemistry laboratory

Description: The environmental-remediation efforts at DOE complexes require characterizing problems at each site before cleanup action. Characterization will require the chemical analysis of millions of samples at a significant cost. Automation of the required chemical analyses methods provides a cost-effective solution. An object-oriented approach was deemed necessary to allow for modularization, maintainability, reusability, and flexibility of the software and hardware. Each chemical analysis method is im… more
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: Medvick, P.A.; Mniszewski, S.M. & Beugelsdijk, T.J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

On-line analysis of chemical composition using an FT-Raman spectrometer in the near-ir

Description: Newly commercialized Fourier transform Raman spectroscopic instrumentation provides a simpler alternative for vibrational spectroscopic analysis. Instrument vendors currently design for laboratory use, but there are many potential process applications of these stable, easy to use instruments. Raman spectroscopy is highly suited to analysis of aqueous samples. Near infrared excitation minimized fluorescence interference and allows for remote operation via fiber optic probes. The Department of En… more
Date: January 1, 1992
Creator: Garrison, A.A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Prediction of limestone requirements for SO/sub 2/ emission control in atmospheric pressure fluidized-bed combustion

Description: The limestone-SO/sub 2/ reactivity as determined on a thermogravimetric analyzer was used to estimate the quantity of limestone required to meet the SO/sub 2/ emission standard in atmospheric fluidized-bed coal combustors. Comparison of laboratory TGA calcium utilization with pilot plant experimental results were made. Estimates of SO/sub 2/ retention in a carbon burnup cell were made for various limestone feed options. From this information, estimates of limestone requirements for an AFBC-CBC … more
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Snyder, R. B.; Wilson, W. I. & Johnson, I.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Application of a microprocessor system to stream monitoring

Description: Low-level liquid wastes originating from the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) are discharged, after treatment, into White Oak Creek, which is a small tributary of the Clinch River located in East Tennessee. Samples of White Oak Creek discharges are collected at White Oak Dam by a continuous digital proportional water sampler and analyzed weekly for radioactivity. The sampler contains a control system with a microprocessor that has been programmed to solve nonlinear weir equations. This syst… more
Date: January 1, 1978
Creator: Oakes, T. W. & Shank, K. E.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Standards for holdup measurement

Description: Holdup measurement, needed for material balance, depend intensively on standards and on interpretation of the calibration procedure. More than other measurements, the calibration procedure using the standard becomes part of the standard. Standards practical for field use and calibration techniques have been developed. While accuracy in holdup measurements is comparatively poor, avoidance of bias is a necessary goal.
Date: January 1, 1982
Creator: Zucker, M.S.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Quantification of surface contamination: principles and applications

Description: The applications discussed in this paper underscore the usefulness and versatility of molecular luminescence spectroscopy as an efficient surface detection technique. The technique can be used not only as a qualitative characterization method, but also as a quantitative analytical tool to detect trace contaminants on surfaces. Recent advances in instrumentation and methodology have expanded the applicability of surface luminescence into many new problem areas. Trace organics are emphasized here. more
Date: January 1, 1982
Creator: Vo-Dinh, T.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

TRU waste-assay instrumentation and application in nuclear-facility decommissioning

Description: The Los Alamos TRU waste assay program is developing measurement techniques for TRU and other radioactive waste materials generated by the nuclear industry, including decommissioning programs. Systems are now being fielded for test and evaluation purposes at DOE TRU waste generators. The transfer of this technology to other facilities and the commercial instrumentation sector is well in progress. 6 figures.
Date: January 1, 1982
Creator: Umbarger, C.J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Leaching properties and chemical compositions of calcines produced at the Idaho Chemical Processing Plant

Description: No significant chemical differences were determined between retrieved and fresh calcine based on chemical and spectrochemical analyses. Little can be derived from the amounts of the radioisotopes present in the retrieved calcine samples other than the ratios of strontium-90 to cesium-137 are typical of aged fission product. The variations in concentrations of radionuclides within the composite samples of each bin also reflect the differences in compositions of waste solutions calcined. In gener… more
Date: January 1, 1980
Creator: Staples, B. A.; Paige, B. E.; Rhodes, D. W. & Wilding, M. W.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

A l-nCi/g sensitivity transuranic waste assay system using pulsed neutron interrogation

Description: We have developed a pulsed thermal neutron interrogation system and have demonstrated a sub-1-nCi/g assay sensitivity for high density TRU wastes contained in 200-liter barrels. We detect prompt fission neutrons, resulting in greatly enhanced sensitivity compared to techniques in which delayed fission neutrons are detected. We observe a linear assay response over at least three orders of magnitude in /sup 235/U (or /sup 239/Pu) mass. We also have measured a flat (to +-10%) interrogation flux pr… more
Date: January 1, 1980
Creator: Kunz, W.E.; Atencio, J.D. & Caldwell, J.T.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Determination of thorium and uranium at the nanogram per gram level in semiconductor potting plastics by neutron activation analysis

Description: A method was developed to determine thorium and uranium in semiconductor potting plastics. The method is based on neutron activation and subsequent radiochemical separation to isolate and permit measurement of the induced /sup 233/Pa and /sup 239/Np. These plastics typically contain macro amounts of silicon, bromine and antimony and nanogram per gram amounts of thorium and uranium. The radiochemical method provides the necessary sensitivity and makes it possible to easily attain adequate decont… more
Date: January 1, 1985
Creator: Dyer, F.F.; Emery, J.F. & Bate, L.C.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Analytical measurements of actinide migration in a laboratory-simulated basalt HLW repository

Description: Described are the analytical methods and results used to determine the migration of actinides in a flowing-groundwater laboratory-simulation of a basalt repository for high-level nuclear waste. The radiochemical methods developed and employed to measure actinide activities in groundwater samples and component surfaces include the use of gamma, X-rays, and alpha spectroscopy, with associated preparation and calibration. These methods include double isotope spiking with Np-235 and Pu-236 for dete… more
Date: January 1, 1983
Creator: Bowers, D.L.; Gerding, T.J.; Fried, S.M.; Vandegrift, G.F. & Seitz, M.G.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Advances in measurement of alpha-contaminated wastes

Description: A comprehensive program is in progress at the Los Alamos National Laboratory for the development of sensitive, practical, nondestructive assay techniques for the quantification of low-level transuranics in bulk solid wastes. The program encompasses a broad range of techniques, including sophisticated active and passive gamma-ray spectroscopy, passive neutron detection systems, pulsed portable neutron generator interrogation systems, and electron accelerator-based techniques. The techniques can … more
Date: January 1, 1982
Creator: Close, D. A.; Crane, T. W.; Caldwell, J. T.; Kunz, W. E.; Shunk, E. R.; Pratt, J. C. et al.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Assay of low-enriched uranium using spontaneous fission neutrons

Description: Low-enriched uranium oxide in bulk containers can be assayed for safeguards purposes, using the neutrons from spontaneous fission of /sup 238/U as a signature, to complement enrichment and mass measurement. The penetrability of the fast fission neutrons allows the inner portion of bulk samples to register. The measurement may also be useful for measuring moisture content, of significance in process control. The apparatus used can be the same as for neutron correlation counting for Pu assay. The… more
Date: January 1, 1980
Creator: Zucker, M.S. & Fainberg, A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Statistical aspects of nuclear safeguards

Description: A nuclear fuel reprocessing cycle is used to illustrate problems encountered by a statistician when trying to reconcile total amounts of an element at different stages in the recovery cycle. Calculation of errors are discussed along with problems of biases, holdup, and simulation.
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Tietjen, G.L.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Improved laboratory assays of Pu and U for SRP purification and finishing processes

Description: Significant improvements have been made in routine assay techniques for uranium and plutonium as part of an effort to improve accountability at the Savannah River Plant (SRP). Emphasis was placed on input/output accountability points and key physical inventory tanks associated with purification and finishing processes. Improvements were made in existing assay methods; new methods were implemented; and the application of these methods was greatly expanded. Prior to assays, samples were validated… more
Date: January 1, 1986
Creator: Holland, M K & Dorsett, R S
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Ionization chamber for measurements of high-level tritium gas

Description: The construction and calibration of a simple ionization-chamber apparatus for measurement of high level tritium gas is described. The apparatus uses an easily constructed but rugged chamber containing the unknown gas and an inexpensive digital multimeter for measuring the ion current. The equipment after calibration is suitable for measuring 0.01 to 100% tritium gas in hydrogen-helium mixes with an accuracy of a few percent. At both the high and low limits of measurements deviations from the pr… more
Date: January 1, 1980
Creator: Carstens, D.H.W. & David, W.R.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Requested information regarding remote analytical capabilities

Description: This document describes a new method for analysis of cyanide in radioactive waste samples from the Hanford Site. The new assay is designed to increase throughput of samples, reduce waste volumes and decrease radiation exposure to analysts. The system is based on the Lachat Micro-Dist{sup TM} microdistillation system. This document contains the reference and methods manual for this kit, and also the specific PNL lab procedures for using this kit. 6 refs., 20 figs. (MHB)
Date: September 1, 1991
Creator: Steel, R.T.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Electron accelerator based system for assay of transuranic waste barrels

Description: A complete assay system for 208-liter barrels contianing transuranic wastes has been developed. The system consists of an 8-MeV commercial electron accelerator, neutron moderating cavity housing the waste barrel and containing neutron detectors, high resolution germanium gamma spectrometer, and x-ray radiography camera (both film and real time). The electron linac is used to produce bremsstrahlung and high-intensity pulsed neutron flux, both of which are used to interrogate the fissionable mate… more
Date: January 1, 1984
Creator: Kocimski, S. M.; Franks, L. A.; Caldwell, J. T.; Close, D. A.; Kunz, W. E.; Morgado, R. E. et al.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

The LBL geothermal reservoir technology program

Description: The main objective of the DOE/GD-funded Geothermal Reservoir Technology Program at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory is the development and testing of new and improved methods and tools needed by industry in its effort to delineate, characterize, evaluate, and exploit hydrothermal systems for geothermal energy. This paper summarizes the recent and ongoing field, laboratory, and theoretical research activities being conducted as part of the Geothermal Reservoir Technology Program. 28 refs., 4 figs.
Date: March 1, 1991
Creator: Lippmann, M.J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Are 0. 1%-accurate gamma-ray assays possible for /sup 235/U solutions

Description: The factors influencing the accuracy of passive gamma-ray assay of uniform, homogeneous solution samples have been studied in some detail, particularly for the assay of /sup 235/U in uranium solutions. Factors considered are the overall long-term electronic stability, the information losses caused by the rate-related electronic processes of pulse pileup and dead-time, and the self-attenuation of gamma rays within the samples. Both experimental and computational studies indicate that gamma-ray a… more
Date: January 1, 1983
Creator: Parker, J.L.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Synchrotron radiation as a source for quantitative XPS: advantages and consequences

Description: Synchrotron radiation (SR) has a variety of properties which make it an attractive source for quantitative x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Among the most significant are high intensity and tunability. In addition, the intensity of the dispersed radiation is comparable to laboratory line sources. Synchrotron radiation is also a clean source, i.e., it will not contaminate the sample, because it operates under ultra-high vacuum conditions. We have used these properties to demonstrate the a… more
Date: January 1, 1986
Creator: Rosseel, T. M.; Carlson, T. A.; Negri, R. E.; Beall, C. E. & Taylor, J. W.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Portable gamma-ray holdup and attributes measurements of high- and variable-burnup plutonium

Description: High burnup-plutonium holdup has been assayed quantitatively by low resolution gamma-ray spectrometry. The assay was calibrated with four plutonium standards representing a range of fuel burnup and {sup 241}Am content. Selection of a calibration standard based on its qualitative spectral similarity to gamma-ray spectra of the process material is partially responsible for the success of these holdup measurements. The spectral analysis method is based on the determination of net counts in a singl… more
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: Wenz, T. R.; Russo, P. A.; Miller, M. C.; Menlove, H. O. (Los Alamos National Lab., NM (United States)); Takahashi, S.; Yamamoto, Y. et al.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
Back to Top of Screen