TAPE CALENDERING MANUFACTURING PROCESS FOR MULTILAYER THIN-FILM SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELLS Page: 6 of 132
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Figure 24. Anode "B" cell performance under different fuel utilization at 8000, and
hydrogen as the fuel and air as oxidant..........................................................................29
Figure 25. Cell Performance of NJ205-1 with porous anode "C" and SPC-4 Cathode,
hydrogen as fuel and air as oxidant ...............................................................................30
Figure 26. Performance of cell NJ205-1 at 1.72 A/cm2 load and 75%, 80%, 85% fuel
utilizations at 800 C, hydrogen as fuel and air as oxidant...........................................30
Figure 27. Polarization curve for a cell with anode "C" and an improved cathode SPC-
EX5 at 800 C (NJ208).......................................................................................................31
Figure 28. (a) Testing set-up with (b) details of the ring-on-ring loading fixture. A high
temperature controlled gas enclosure surrounded the fixture during high
temperature testing............................................................................................................33
Figure 29. Characteristic strength of the tested samples ..................................................35
Figure 30. Tested bilayer samples (a) air, 800'C and (b) reduced, 800-C .....................36
Figure 31. Measured residual stress in the electrolyte for the bilayer samples. The
effect of the mismatch in the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) is clearly seen
in the results. Where the inverted triangles are for the reduced samples and the
circles are for the unreduced sample..............................................................................37
Figure 32. SEM image of the surface of the anode with YSZ powders which are present
during sintering...................................................................................................................38
Figure 33. Fracture surfaces of reduced bilayers at (a) 25 C and (b) 800-C. The anode
surface is at the top and the arrows indicate the location of dense YSZ possibly
originating from the powder on the surface shown in Figure 32.................................39
Figure 34. (a) Fracture surface of a reduced bilayer with (b) magnified image of the
interface showing zones of local high porosity..............................................................40
Figure 35. Biaxial flexure strength data for the various mechanical properties
improvement stratagies .....................................................................................................41
Figure 36. Performance of a cell with a 3Y-anode composition with pure hydrogen fuel
and a fixed fuel flow rate of 67 cc/min and non-flowing air..........................................42
Figure 37. Polarization curve for 3Y-20A baseline anode cell. Cathode was SPC-4...42
Figure 38. Schematic of unitized cell ....................................................................................43
Figure 39. Typical fabrication sequence for unitized cell fabrication and stacking.........44
Figure 40. Diagram of the interconnect structure for cell N0023......................................45
Figure 41. Split Flow design ...................................................................................................46
Figure 42. Effect of total gas flow rate on the gas flow rate at individual exit holes (1 is
nearest the inlet).................................................................................................................48DE-AC26-00NT40705
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Minh, Nguyen & Montgomery, Kurt. TAPE CALENDERING MANUFACTURING PROCESS FOR MULTILAYER THIN-FILM SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELLS, report, October 1, 2004; United States. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc779641/m1/6/: accessed April 30, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.