Bench-scale demonstration of hot-gas desulfurization technology. First quarterly report, 1997 Page: 4 of 13
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1.0 INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY
The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Federal Energy Technology Center (FETC),
is sponsoring research in advanced methods for controlling contaminants in hot coal
gasifier gas (coal-derived fuel-gas) streams of integrated gasification combined-cycle
(IGCC) power systems. The hot gas cleanup work seeks to eliminate the need for
expensive heat recovery equipment, reduce efficiency losses due to quenching, and
minimize wastewater treatment costs.
Hot-gas desulfurization research has focused on regenerable mixed-metal oxide
sorbents that can reduce the sulfur in coal-derived fuel-gas to less than 20 ppmv and can
be regenerated in a cyclic manner with air for multicycle operation. Zinc titanate (Zn2TiO4
or ZnTiO), formed by a solid-state reaction of zinc oxide (ZnO) and titanium dioxide
(TiO2), is currently one of the leading sorbents. Overall chemical reactions with Zn2TiO4
during the desulfurization (sulfidation)-regeneration cycle are shown below:
Sulfidation: Zn2TiO4 + 2H2S -. 2ZnS + TiO2 + 2H20
Regeneration: 2ZnS + TiO2 + 302 -. Zn2TiO4 + 2SO2
The sulfidation/regeneration cycle can be carried out in a fixed-bed, moving-bed,
or fluidized-bed reactor configuration. The fluidized-bed reactor configuration is most
attractive because of several potential advantages including faster kinetics and the ability
to handle the highly exothermic regeneration to produce a regeneration offgas containing
a constant concentration of SO2.
The SO2 in the regeneration offgas needs to be disposed of in an environmentally
acceptable manner. Options for disposal include conversion to a solid calcium-based
1-1
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Bench-scale demonstration of hot-gas desulfurization technology. First quarterly report, 1997, report, July 1997; Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc692065/m1/4/: accessed May 12, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.