Structures and functions of oligosaccharins. Progress report, June 15, 1993--March 14, 1995 Page: 4 of 8
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STRUCTURES AND FUNCTIONS OF OUGOSACCHARINS
DE-FG05-93ER20114
Progress Report
June 15,1993 - March 14, 1995
1
1. Augur, C., N. Benhamou, A. Darvill, and P. Albersheim. 1993. Purification,
characterization, and cell wall localization of an a-fucosidase that Inactivates a
xyloglucan oligosaccharin. The Plant J. 3: 415-426.
An a-fucosidase that releases fucosyl residues from oligosaccharide fragments of
xyloglucan, a plant cell wall hemicellulosic polysaccharide, was purified to homogeneity
from pea (Psium saivum) epicotyls using a- combination of cation exchange
chromatography and isoelectric focusing. The a-fucosidase has a molecular mass of
20 kDa according to sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The a-
fucosidase has an isoelectric point of 5.5. The substrate specificity of the a-fucosidase
was determined by high performance anion exchange chromatographic analysis of
oligosaccharide substrates and products. The enzyme hydrolyzes the terminal a-1,2-
fucosidic linkage of oligosaccharides and does not cleave p-nitrophenyl-a-L-fucoside.
The enzyme does not release measurable amounts of fucosyl residues from large
polysaccharides. The subcellular localization of a-fucosidase in pea stems and leaves
has been studied by immunogold cytochemistry. The a-fucosidase accumulates in
primary cell walls and is not detectable in the middle lamella or in the cytoplasm of 8-
day-old stem tissue and 14-day-old leaf tissue. a-Fucosidase activity was readily
detected in extracts of 8-day-old stem tissue. No significant a-fucosidase activity or
immunogold labeling of the a-fucosidase was detected in 2- and 4-day-old stem tissue
indicating that production of a-fucosidase is developmentally regulated.
2. Bellincampl, D., G. Salvi, G. De Lorenzo, F. Cervone, V. Marf&, S. Eberhard, A.
Darvill, and P. Albersheim. 1993. Oligogalacturonides inhibit the formation of
roots on tobacco explants. The Plant J. 4: 207-213.
a-1,4-Oligogalacturonides with degrees of polymerization (DPs) ranging from 6 to 18 or
2 to 8 were added to tobacco leaf explants and root formation was evaluated after 15
days of incubation. Auxin-induced formation of roots was inhibited by
oligogalacturonides with DPs 6-18 but not by the oligogalacturonides with DPs 2-8.
The inhibition of root formation by the larger oligogalacturonides was prevented by
increasing the amount of auxin present in the medium. Oligogalacturonides (DPs 6-18)
also inhibited root formation when added to tobacco thin cell-layer (TCL) explants in a
medium that is known to induce the formation of roots. The addition of size-
homogeneous oligogalacturonides, to either tobacco leaf explants or TCLs, established
that oligogalacturonides with DPs between 10 and 14 were most active in inhibiting the
formation of roots. These data suggest that oligogalactuornides of the same size as
those known to elicit plant defense responses, and to affect floral development and
membrane functions, also inhibit the induction of root morphogenesis in tobacco.
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Albersheim, P. Structures and functions of oligosaccharins. Progress report, June 15, 1993--March 14, 1995, report, March 1, 1995; United States. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc674753/m1/4/: accessed May 5, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.