A Stress-Inoculation Treatment Procedure for Test Anxiety in Elderly Students Page: 4
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attending college will grow even more. Many undergraduate
programs in the country are expanding to accomodate older
adults who have become strangers to college environments
who are interested in upgrading their occupational skills
and their abilities (Whitbourne, 1977). It has been found
that the higher a person's educational level, the more
likely it is that that individual will seek further educa-
tion in the future (Johnstone & Rivera, 1965). Unlike
their elders who have few years of formal academic training,
the better educated young adults of today will continue to
seek more educational opportunities as they grow older
{Riley & Foner, 1969). As the population of elderly
persons seeking an education grows, educators must become
aware of and come to grips with the problems that face
these students. If the negative effects of such diffi-
culties as evaluative anxiety and age-related cognitive
deficits can be minimized, the elderly student has a much
better chance to gain the full benefits of continuing his
or her education.
Treatment of Test Anxiety
Test anxiety has been seen as a form of state anxiety,
defined as an emotional reaction that carries with it
tension, physiological arousal, and worry (Sarason, 1972).
It has been stated that individuals who are very susceptible
to test anxiety are more self-critical and are more likely
to emit self-statements that result in performance deficits.
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Kooken, Robert A. (Robert Andrews). A Stress-Inoculation Treatment Procedure for Test Anxiety in Elderly Students, dissertation, December 1982; Denton, Texas. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331464/m1/11/: accessed May 3, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; .