An Investigation of the Relationship Among Occupational Opportunities for Women, Marriage, and Fertility Page: 2
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terms of the dependent variables of percentage married by
specific age groups during regression analysis in order to
determine its influence on fertility, and (4) to test propo-
sitions deduced from the assumption that female labor-force
participation does not necessarily inhibit fertility.
Four economic variables act as a measure of occupational
opportunities for women. The following variables are used
in the measure: median-female income, percent of the total
labor force that is classified as clerical and kindred, the
unemployment rate, and the femaleness of the industrial struc-
ture. This last variable will be constructed by comparing
the selected SMSAs to a national index that measures the ex-
tent to which industries are female dominated, as in the case
of service industries, or male dominated, as in the case of
heavy industry. It is thought that these variables are indi-
cators of structural characteristics of SMSAs. In similar
studies, the practice has been to rely on labor-force parti-
cipation as a predictor of fertility. The use of median-
female income, percent of the total labor force classified
as clerical and kindred, the unemployment rate, and the
femaleness of the industrial structure as a measure of occu-
pational opportunities for women has been used in an earlier
study by Samuel Preston in 1975 (28). However, Preston did
not include career participation. It is possible that career
participation is one dimension of occupational opportunities
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Ross, Patricia A. An Investigation of the Relationship Among Occupational Opportunities for Women, Marriage, and Fertility, dissertation, May 1977; Denton, Texas. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc330883/m1/11/?rotate=90: accessed July 17, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; .