Nucleotide Inhibition of Glyoxalase II Page: 1
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CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
The Glyoxalase system
1.1 Definition
In living systems, the glyoxalase system mediates the detoxification of toxic oa-
ketoaldehydes by catalyzing their conversion to the corresponding non-toxic carboxylic
acids (see Fig. 1). The primary role of glyoxalase activity is considered to be the
conversion of methylglyoxal, a toxic a-ketoaldehyde derived from both endogenous and
exogenous sources, to lactic acid (1). The system is composed of two enzymes,
glyoxalase I (E.C. 4.4.1.5, lactoylglutathione lyase) (Glo-I) and glyoxalase II
(E.C. 3.1.2.6, hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolyase) (Glo-II), and exhibits an absolute
requirement for a catalytic quantity of reduced glutathione (GSH) (2).
R-COCHO (o-ketoaldehyde)
I
R-COCH (OH)-SG (hemithioacetal)
GSH Glo-I
R-CH (OH) CO-SG (a-D-hydroxyacidthiol ester)
Glo-II
R-CH (OH) CO2H (o-D-hydroxyacid)
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Gillis, Glen S. Nucleotide Inhibition of Glyoxalase II, dissertation, May 1999; Denton, Texas. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2183/m1/10/: accessed April 26, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; .