Differences in Socio-Cognitive Processes among Individuals Exhibiting Characteristics of Grandiose and Vulnerable Narcissism: A Multimethod Approach Page: 47
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SD = 6.12) compared to individuals who were White (M = 3.61, SD = .83 and M = 11.08, SD =
5.79, respectively). Individuals who were not White also scored higher on the perspective taking,
t(167) = 3.11 p = .002 (M = 3.03, SD = .61) and empathic concern subscales, t(167) = 2.21 p =
.028 (M = 3.20, SD = .60) of the IRI compared to individuals who were White (M = 2.72, SD =
.61 and M = 2.96, SD = .69, respectively). Individuals who were White scored higher on social
inhibition, t(167) = -2.93 p = .004 (M = 1.74, SD = 1.16) and envy, t(167) = -2.66 p = .009 (M =
.85, SD = .61) compared to individuals who were not White (M = 1.17, SD = 1.29 and M = .59,
SD = .53, respectively).
Participants who identified as Catholic scored significantly higher on grandiose
narcissism, F(4, 164) = 2.55, p = .041 (M = 4.11, SD = .95) compared to participants who
identified as atheist (M = 3.51, SD = .85), agnostic (M = 3.57, SD = .61), or a member of a non-
Christian (e.g., Buddhist, Jewish, Muslim) religion (M = 3.55, SD = .86). Participants who
identified as Catholic also scored significantly lower on social inhibition, F(4, 164) = 10.44, p <
.001 (M = .70, SD = .86) compared to participants who identified as atheist (M = 2.21, SD =
1.04), agnostic (M = 1.57, SD = .95), or a member of a non-Christian (e.g., Buddhist, Jewish,
Muslim) religion (M = 2.17, SD = 1.12). Participants who identified as a member of a non-
Christian (e.g., Buddhist, Jewish, Muslim) religion scored significantly higher on envy, F(4, 164)
= 2.82, p = .027 (M = 1.01, SD = .71) compared to participants who identified as Christian orProtestant (M = .64, SD = .59). Participants who identified as Christian or Protestant scored
significantly higher on psychological abuse perpetration, Welch's F(4, 75.35) = 4.65, p = .002
(M = 22.22, SD = 19.44) compared to participants who identified as atheist (M = 9.96, SD =
10.84) or agnostic (M = 9.52, SD = 10.65). Participants who identified as Christian or Protestant
scored significantly higher on psychological abuse victimization, F(4, 164) = 2.83, p = .026 (M =47
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Sanders, Courtney. Differences in Socio-Cognitive Processes among Individuals Exhibiting Characteristics of Grandiose and Vulnerable Narcissism: A Multimethod Approach, dissertation, July 2023; Denton, Texas. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2178811/m1/54/?q=technical+manual: accessed July 17, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; .