Black Male Collegiate Football Players' Experiences of Racial Mistreatment and Its Effects: A Qualitative Analysis Page: 4
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2008). When combined with university eligibility standards and qualification requirements for
athletic scholarships, these expectations are examples of institutional racism that
disproportionately affect Black college student-athletes (Brooks & Althouse, 2013).
Contributing to this institutional racial mistreatment is the lack of representation of
African American faculty and leaders (Edwards, 2000; Hall, 2001; Melendez, 2008), particularly
within athletic department administration and in head football coach positions (NCAA, 2010).
Bimper (2015) found that Black male college football players have even tried explicitly
addressing this apparent lack of representation by calling on athletic administration to hire more
people of color in leadership positions (e.g., head coaches), yet PWIs endorse a colorblind
ideology that facilitates the perception that racism or discrimination do not contribute to various
inequalities (Bonilla-Silva, 2017). This ideology indirectly communicates that Black people are
inherently underqualified and lack the necessary abilities for leadership positions and further
perpetuates the stereotype that Black individuals' primary (sole) role is that of the athlete within
their sport. Due to PWIs' lack of awareness or unwillingness to acknowledge their contributions
to racial inequality, and the lack of representation and mentorship for Black male college
athletes, the real and detrimental racial mistreatment of these athletes often goes overlooked,
invalidated, and unaddressed (Bimper, 2015; Bonilla-Silva, 2017).
Historically, Black male athletes have endured racism, discrimination, isolation, and
other racial inequalities both overt (e.g., hostile treatment by peers and professors) and covert
(e.g., underfunded schools, lack of encouragement for academic success; Beamon, 2014; Brooks
& Althouse, 2013; Martin, 1993), and much of this treatment persists today in college athletics,
particularly at PWIs where these athletes are exploited for their athletic abilities (Edwards, 2000;
Melendez, 2008). This chronic and pervasive mistreatment is detrimental to Black male college4
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Walsh, J. Andy. Black Male Collegiate Football Players' Experiences of Racial Mistreatment and Its Effects: A Qualitative Analysis, dissertation, August 2022; Denton, Texas. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1985324/m1/8/?rotate=270: accessed July 17, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; .