The Teaching of 21st Century Skills through Project-Based Learning and Professional Development for Career and Technical Education Page: 21
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(DECA) sent out an email to business advisors asking if they would like to take part in the
research study. Posts with the survey link on Facebook, Twitter, and Linkedln were targeting
secondary teacher groups. The survey was open from July 16- August 23, 2019. Web-based
surveys offer a benefit to participants (Van Selm & Jankowski, 2006) with the ability to respond
at any time for an increased number of responses. All listserv email invitations were followed
up with reminder email 7 days after the initial email.
July 16-19 - Texas CTE teachers (CTAT summer conference) attendees were given a QR
code linked to the survey.
August 9 - Texas DECA Advisor listserv was sent an email link to the survey.
July 23-August 9- Social media posts to online Secondary Business and CTE
Communities were made weekly with an embedded link to the survey.
August 12 - Reminder email was sent to Texas DECA Advisor listserv.
August 23 - Survey was closed.
Instrumentation
The survey instrument for this study was modified from the original 21st Century
Teaching and Learning Survey (Hixson et al., 2012). The instrument used in Hixson et al.'s study
consists of four sections identifying the level of professional development (Items 4-7), use of
PBL (Items 9-12), frequency of teaching 21st century skills (Items 14-47) and respondent
demographics (Items 48-51). Hixson et al.'s (2012) survey instrument was based on the
population's specific attendance of an extended professional development workshop focused
on PBL. Contextual modifications were made to adapt the original instrument to the needs of
the population in every section of the survey except for the frequency of teaching 21st century
skills in Section 3. For example, the original survey asks, "Did you use PBL in your teaching of21
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Petrunin, Kristin Firmery. The Teaching of 21st Century Skills through Project-Based Learning and Professional Development for Career and Technical Education, dissertation, December 2019; Denton, Texas. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1609129/m1/29/?q=denton+history: accessed July 17, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; .