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WET STRAW
In stacking straw, keep the sides of
stacks nearly vertical and the tops well
rounded. Clean up around the bases.
From such places originate the outbreaks
of stable flies in many areas.
It is well to bale straw required for
feed or bedding soon after thrashing.
Oat straw is especially favorable for
stable fly breeding. When rain ruins
a strawstack, scatter the straw. Plow
it under if it is practicable to do so, or
disk before seeding. In harvesting
with combines, see that the straw remaining
in the fields is not left in piles.
In the spring scatter the butts of strawstacks
that were not eaten by livestock
during the winter.
MANURE
Manure is a breeding place not only
for stable flies but also for house flies.
You can control both these flies by
using proper means of disposing of
manure.
Haul manure from the stable and
barnyard and spread it thinly on the
fields at least twice a week. Get rid
of waste straw, hay, ensilage, or fodder
that may be lying near the stable. The
stable fly breeds in these materials,
especially when they become mixed
with manure.
If you have only a few head of stock,
or if the manure cannot be scattered on
fields regularly, make a manure box
or dig a pit. Do the best you can to
make it flyproof, and attach a conical
flytrap over an opening in the top.
Put all manure into it daily or at least
twice a week.
If you do not have a manure box or
pit, kill larvae in the manure by scattering
borax over the pile. Use 1 pound
of powdered borax for each 16 cubic
feet of manure. Then sprinkle water
over the pile. Borax used in the quantity
indicated will not lessen the fertilizing
value of the manure if you do
not spread the manure too heavily.
4
Do not spread more than 15 tons to an
acre.
You may also spray the pile with
DDT or chlordane. Prepare a wettablepowder
or emulsion spray containing 1
percent of DDT or 0.5 percent of chlordane.
Use enough of the spray to get
the surface thoroughly wet.
Killing larvae in manure helps not
only the farmer but also the city
dweller. Flies developing from larvae
and pupae in stable manure brought to
a city garden may cause annoyance for
weeks.
VEGETABIE AND FRUIT REFUSE
If refuse from vegetable
and fruitpacking
plants is allowed to accumulate
and ferment when adult stable flies are
around, large numbers of them may
breed in it.
Just as sanitation is the first rule in
controlling flies on the farm, so it is
the first rule in controlling them on
packing-plant premises. Waste materials
such as corn husks and cobs,
celery, and other vegetable trimmings
are breeding places not only for stable
flies but also for house flies and vinegar
flies, which often become a menace in
the packing plant.
Waste material that cannot be
quickly disposed of should be sprayed
with an insecticide to prevent fly breeding.
If the waste is not to be fed to
livestock, use a spray containing 1
percent of DDT or 0.5 percent of
chlordane. If the waste is to be fed to
livestock, remove it and feed it to the
stock at least twice a week.
Crushing of waste in the plant greatly
reduces its volume and its moisture
content, and makes insecticide treatment
easier.
Dumping of vegetable and fruit
waste onto small dumping areas will
not prevent fly breeding. Even if the
waste is plowed or disked under, some
