1992 annual report on scientific programs: A broad research program on the sciences of complexity Page: 4 of 148

                                
CONTENTS
1. Introduction .............................................................................................................. 1
1.1.    C  u rren  t  R esearch    ..............................................................................................  1
1.2     Organizational          Structure..................................................................................  4
2.      Integrative Core Research.........................................................................................         5
2.1     D  ynam    ical    System    s.........................................................................................  5
2.1.1      Dynamical Systems with Discrete Degrees of Freedom..........................                            5
2.1.2      Computational Mechanics....................................................................             8
2.2     Models of Adaptation....................................................................................          10
2.2.1      Algorithmic Chemistry
Toward a Theory of Biological Organization ................................................... 10
2.2.2      Adaptation to the Edge of Chaos........................................................               12
2.3     Measuring        and     Predicting      Complexity.............................................................  13
2.3.1      Characterizing the Complexity of Dynamical Systems.........,..............                            13
2.3.2      Algorithmic Complexity...................................................................             15
2.3.3      Measures of Complexity .................................... 16
2.3.4      Complexity in Adaptive Systems.......................................................                 16
2.4     Simulations of Nonlinear Dynamical Models....................................................                     17
2.4.1      Global Information Systems and Regional Crisis as Problems of
Complex        Adaptive        Systems................................................................  17
2.4.2      Integrated Global Models....................................................................          17
2.4.3      Sustainable        Agriculture.......................................................................  18
2.4.4      Global Shnulation           and    Information       Systems.........................................  18
2.4.5      Probe Project: Installation of an Integrated Computer Lab and Interface
for the Computing in Social Sciences ...................................................              19
2.5     Rendering        and    Display:        Audification.............................................................  20
2.6     Integrative       A ctivities....................................................................................  21
2.6.1      Common Principles of Complex Systems ............................................... 21
2.6.2      The Second Metamorphosis of Science................................................. 22
3.       Patterns in Information and Complexity................................ 23
3.1     Patterns in Chaotic Data in the Nervous System............................................ 23
3.1.1      Electroencephalography (EEG) and Magnetoencephalography (MEG)... 24
3.1.2      Spontaneous Activity in Deep Sleep and Other Normal States............. 24
3.1.3      Epileptic Seizures..............................................................................      24
3.1.4      Event-Related EEG          and MEG        Signals................................................... 24
3.2     Wavelet Analysis of Complex Spatio-Temporal Data..................................... 25
3.3     Comparative          Time     Series     Analysis................................................................  26
3.4     Physics      of   Information..................................................................................... 26
4.       Adaptive Computation ............................................................................................ 27
4.1      Applications of Adaptive              Computation         Techniques......................................... 28
4.1.1      Protein-Folding Prediction .................................................................. 28
4.1.2      Operations Research and Complex Adaptive Systems Models ..............                                28
4.1.3      Approaches to Artificial Intelligence.................................................                29
4.1.4      Computation, Dynamical Systerts, and Learning.................................                        29
4.2        Modeling        Adaptive        Systems....................................,...........................  30
DISCLAIMER
This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by au agency of the United States
Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their
employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsi-
bility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or
process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Refer-
ence herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark,
manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recom-
mendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views
and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the
United States Government or any agency thereof.