Analysis of tritium mission FMEF/FAA fuel handling accidents Page: 4 of 155
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HNF-SD-FF-CN-012, Rev 0
The inhalation and submersion doses are a function of the material
released, and the atmospheric dispersion between the release point and the
receptor. The dispersion is characterized by a parameter called the
atmospheric dispersion coefficient, or X/Q'. The dose to the onsite receptor
was calculated using the GENII code (Napier, 1988). This dose can be
multiplied by the ratio of the appropriate X/Q' to determine the dose to
different receptors.
Population weighted doses are calculated to evaluate the collective dose
for the population around Hanford. Because it is impractical to estimate an
individual dose for each person in a large population, the area within a 80 km
distance from the source is partitioned into a circular grid consisting of 16
compass directions, and a number of radial distances. The offsite population
is assumed to extend from the Hanford site boundary to a circle having a 80 km
(50 miles) radius centered at the release point. It is assumed that the
population distribution within a sector interval (i.e., the area enclosed by
radial and azimuthal increment) is uniform. For a chronic release the
weighted estimates are summed over all 16 compass directions, whereas an acute
release (such as is assumed for this accident analysis) is assumed to affect
the sectors in a single directions. The direction with the highest population
weighted X/Q' is used for this analysis. Hanford site specific population
data from the 1990 census are used. The population data are given in
Schreckhise, 1993.
The GXQ code (Hey 1994) was used to determine the maximum onsite and
offsite receptor X/Q' values. The GXQ output files are included in Appendix
A, and the GENII output files are included in Appendix B.
GXQ was also used to perform the X/Q' calculations necessary for the
offsite population dose estimates. GXQ was run using the sector average
option to calculate acute population-weighted X/Q'. This option averages the
plume concentration across the sector to effectively simulate a uniform
population distribution across the sector.
Ingestion doses were calculated at the site boundary with the GENII
code. The ingestion doses were calculated for information only since any
measurable contamination of agricultural land due to a release of radioactive
material at Hanford would result in evacuation of people and interdiction of
the crops meat and milk, etc. Any actual ingestion dose to the public from
such a pathway would be determined not only by the severity of the accident
but also by the effectiveness of the recovery action. The doses from a 50 yr
exposure and ingestion without including credit for recovery actions does not
represent a realistic exposure pathway, but is included for information.
Ingestion doses are presented for both winter and autumn scenarios.
The winter scenario is based on the assumption that the passing contamination
falls on bare soil. The potential doses represent the result of crop uptake
for the next 50 years. The autumn scenario is the worst case for ingestion.
The airborne contamination is assumed to fall on crops which are about to be
harvested for human and animal consumption. In both the autumn and winter
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Van Keuren, J. C. Analysis of tritium mission FMEF/FAA fuel handling accidents, report, November 18, 1997; Richland, Washington. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1314708/m1/4/: accessed June 5, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.