Evaluation of nuclear gas stimulation in terms of potential radiation exposure to the public Page: 4 of 18
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4
Of the radionuclides found, 3H, 14C, and 85Kr have been studied in greatest
detail because they contribute over 99% of the potential dose equivalent* at
the radionuclide concentrations observed, and at those projected for future
wells (see Table 1). It appears unlikely that other radionuclides will become
significant, but each geological formation and each device component must
be analyzed with respect to that possibility. The tritium concentration used
in this paper, 1 pCi/cm3, is the value projected for the average concentration
during the lifetime production of future wells.1 The concentrations for 14C
and 85Kr are scaled to the tritium value un the basis of literature values
or fission and activation yield.2-5 Comparable projections by Rubin et al.6
are in good agreement with those presented here for tritium; however, their
85Kr concentration is approximately a factor of 2 larger. At the estimated
gas production rate (assume .10% of total lifetime volume produced during the
first year), more than 99% of the radioactivity initially present in a
nuclearly stimulated well is removed during the first year of production. In
subsequent years such a well will produce essentially 'uncontaminated gas.
Therefore first-year average concentrations for .a new well may be ten times
the average lifetime concentra.UD projections used here It has been shown
that sizable amounts of nuclearly stimulated gas, including first-year gas
from new wells, could be distributed through existing facilities to supple-
ment present production as it declines, without elevating the projected
average tritium concentration of 1 pCi/cm3,7
Dose-Equivalent (rem) = Absorbed Dose (rads) x modifying factors. For
the sake of convenience, "dose" will be used hereafter instead of "dose
equivalent."
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Rohwer, P. S.; Barton, C. J.; Moore, R. E. & Kaye, S. V. Evaluation of nuclear gas stimulation in terms of potential radiation exposure to the public, article, January 1, 1973; Tennessee. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1031306/m1/4/: accessed May 8, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.