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Mars Rover RTG Study

Description: Presented at the 40th Congress of the IAF, Oct. 7-13, 1989 in Torremolinos, Malaga-Spain. The paper describes the design and analysis of Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generators (RTGs) for powering the Mars Rover vehicle, which is a critical element of the unmanned Mars Rover and Sample Return mission (MRSR). The RTG design study was conducted by Fairchild Space for the U.S. DOE in support of the JPL MRSR Project. The paper briefly describes a reference mission scenario, an illustrative Rover des… more
Date: October 1, 1989
Creator: Schock, Alfred
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Light-Weight Radioisotope Heater Unit final safety analysis report (LWRHU-FSAR): Volume 1: A. Introduction and executive summary: B. Reference Design Document (RDD)

Description: The orbiter and probe portions of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Galileo spacecraft contain components which require auxiliary heat during the mission. To meet these needs, the Department of Energy's (DOE's) Office of Special Applications (OSA) has sponsored the design, fabrication, and testing of a one-watt encapsulated plutonium dioxide-fueled thermal heater named the Light-Weight Radioisotope Heater Unit (LWRHU). This report, prepared by Monsanto Research Corporatio… more
Date: October 1, 1988
Creator: Johnson, E. W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Light-Weight Radioisotope Heater Unit final safety analysis report (LWRHU-FSAR): Volume 2: Accident Model Document (AMD)

Description: The purpose of this volume of the LWRHU SAR, the Accident Model Document (AMD), are to: Identify all malfunctions, both singular and multiple, which can occur during the complete mission profile that could lead to release outside the clad of the radioisotopic material contained therein; Provide estimates of occurrence probabilities associated with these various accidents; Evaluate the response of the LWRHU (or its components) to the resultant accident environments; and Associate the potential e… more
Date: October 1, 1988
Creator: Johnson, E. W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Materials technology assessment for a 1050 K Stirling Space Engine design

Description: An assessment of materials technology and proposed materials selection was made for the 1050 K (superalloy) Stirling Space Engine design. The objectives of this assessment were to evaluate previously proposed materials selections, evaluate the current state-of-the-art materials, propose potential alternate materials selections and identify research and development efforts needed to provide materials that can meet the stringent system requirements. This assessment generally reaffirmed the choice… more
Date: October 1, 1988
Creator: Scheuermann, C. M.; Dreshfield, R. L.; Gaydosh, D. J.; Kiser, J. D.; MacKay, R. A.; McDanels, D. L. et al.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Predicting the Velocity and Azimuth of Fragments Generated by the Range Destruction or Random Failure of Rocket Casings and Tankage

Description: The details of a predictive analytical modeling process as well as the development of normalized relations for momentum partition as a function of SRM burn time and initial geometry are discussed in this paper. Methods for applying similar modeling techniques to liquid-tankage-over-pressure failures are also discussed. These methods have been calibrated against observed SRM ascent failures and on-orbit tankage failures. Casing-quadrant sized fragments with velocities exceeding 100 m/s resulted … more
Date: October 1, 1988
Creator: Eck, Marshall B. & Mukunda, Meera
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Reentry response of the light weight radioisotope heater unit resulting from a Venus-Earth-Earth Gravity Assist maneuver accident

Description: Reentry analyses consisting of ablation response, thermal response and thermal stress response have been conducted on the Light Weight Radioisotope Heater Unit for Galileo/VEEGA reentry conditions. Sequential ablation analyses of the LWRHU aeroshell, the fuel clad, and the fuel pellet have been conducted in reentry regimes where the aeroshell has been deemed to fail. The failure criterion for ablation is assumed to be recession corresponding to 50% of the wall thickness (the design criterion re… more
Date: October 1, 1988
Creator: Hagan, J.C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Unique mission options available with a megawatt-class nuclear electric propulsion system

Description: The advantages of using electric propulsion systems are well-known in the aerospace community with the most common being its high specific impulse, lower propellant requirements, and lower system mass. But these advantages may not be as important as the overall unique mission options electric propulsion makes possible, especially if the system is powered by a megawatt-class nuclear electric power source. Although the lack of suitable electric power systems has been a major drawback to electric … more
Date: October 1, 1988
Creator: Coomes, E.P.; McCauley, L.A.; Christian, J.L.; Gomez, M.A. & Wong, W.A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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ATHENA radiation model

Description: The ATHENA computer program has many features that make it desirable to use as a space reactor evaluation tool. One of the missing features was a surface-to-surface thermal radiation model. A model was developed that allows any of the regular ATHENA heat slabs to radiate to any other heat slab. The view factors and surface emissivities must be specified by the user. To verify that the model was properly accounting for radiant energy transfer, two different types of test calculations were perfor… more
Date: October 1, 1987
Creator: Shumway, R.W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Effect of high-temperature annealing on the microstructure and thermoelectric properties of GaP doped SiGe

Description: Annealing of GaP doped SiGe will significantly alter the thermoelectric properties of the material resulting in increased performance as measured by the figure of merit Z and the power factor P. The microstructures and corresponding thermoelectric properties after annealing in the 1100 to 1300 C temperature range have been examined to correlate performance improvement with annealing history. The figure of merit and power factor were both improved by homogenizing the material and limiting the am… more
Date: October 1, 1987
Creator: Draper, S.L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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GES (Ground Engineering System) test site preparation

Description: Activities are under way at Hanford to convert the 309 containment building and its associated service wing to a nuclear test facility for the Ground Engineering System (GES) test. Conceptual design is about 80% complete, encompassing facility modifications, a secondary heat transport system, a large vacuum system, a test article cell and handing system, control and data handling systems, and safety andl auxiliary systems. The design makes extensive use of existing equipment to minimize technic… more
Date: October 1, 1987
Creator: Cox, C. M.; Mahaffey, M. K.; Miller, W. C.; Schade, A. R. & Toyoda, K. G.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Specific power of liquid-metal-cooled reactors

Description: Calculations of the core specific power for conceptual space-based liquid-metal-cooled reactors, based on heat transfer considerations, are presented for three different fuel types: (1) pin-type fuel; (2) cermet fuel; and (3) thermionic fuel. The calculations are based on simple models and are intended to provide preliminary comparative results. The specific power is of interest because it is a measure of the core mass required to produce a given amount of power. Potential problems concerning z… more
Date: October 1, 1987
Creator: Dobranich, D.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Survivability enhancement study for C/sup 3/I/BM (communications, command, control and intelligence/battle management) ground segments: Final report

Description: This study involves a concept developed by the Fairchild Space Company which is directly applicable to the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) Program as well as other national security programs requiring reliable, secure and survivable telecommunications systems. The overall objective of this study program was to determine the feasibility of combining and integrating long-lived, compact, autonomous isotope power sources with fiber optic and other types of ground segments of the SDI communicatio… more
Date: October 30, 1986
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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High-temperature, radiation-tolerant electronics for the MMW (Multi-megawatt) Space Reactor Program

Description: One of the objectives of the Multi-Megawatt (MMW) space reactor program is to determine, within the next five years, what types of power electronic devices would be suitable for MMW space power applications. Suitable devices must be able to withstand high temperatures and high radiation fields. After investigating the literature on solid state device and miniature vacuum tube technologies, we have concluded that the miniature vacuum tube technology is, currently, the most promising. The main re… more
Date: October 17, 1986
Creator: Yee, J. H.; Orvis, William J.; McConaghy, C. & Ciarlo, D. R.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

SPR-9 concept definition study: FY 1986 summary

Description: This report summarizes the results of work undertaken to advance design of the SPR-9 MMW power reactor. Gas-cooled thermal reactors coupled with Brayton cycle power conversion appear feasible and have several attractive features for multi-megawatt space power systems. The high temperature capability of the reactor removes it as the limiting component on system performance. The low fuel inventories required make systems based on thermal reactors a lesser safeguard risk. However, an advanced radi… more
Date: October 7, 1986
Creator: Walter, C.E.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Reprocessing of nuclear fuels at the Savannah River Plant

Description: For more than 30 years, the Savannah River Plant (SRP) has been a major supplier of nuclear materials such as plutonium-239 and tritium-3 for nuclear and thermonuclear weapons, plutonium-238 for space exploration, and isotopes of americium, curium, and californium for use in the nuclear research community. SRP is a complete nuclear park, providing most of the processes in the nuclear fuel cycle. Key processes involve fabrication and cladding of the nuclear fuel, target, and control assemblies; … more
Date: October 4, 1986
Creator: Gray, L.W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Development of high-creep-strength molybdenum and tungsten alloys by the internal nitriding process

Description: Substantial increases in the high-temperature creep strength of Mo-Hf alloys can be obtained by internal nitriding. The creep resistance of internally nitrided Mo-1.86 wt % Hf is more than 100 times greater than that of other commercially available molybdenum-base alloys. The HfN precipitates appear to be stable over long times at temperatures near 1600 K. Internally nitrided Mo-Hf alloys appear to be good candidates for fabrication of components of space power systems where the ratio of high-t… more
Date: October 2, 1986
Creator: Mitchell, J. B.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Reactor thermal-hydraulic FY 1986 status report for the multimegawatt Space Nuclear Power Program

Description: PNL's 1986 activities can be divided into three basic areas: code assessment, correlation assessment and experimental activities. The ultimate goal of all these activities is developing computer codes and verifying their use to perform the thermal-hydraulic analysis and design of the reactor core and plenum of the various proposed concepts. To perform this task as assessment is made of existing computer codes, models, correlations, and microgravity experimental data.
Date: October 1, 1986
Creator: Krotiuk, W.J. & Antoniak, Z.I.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Two-phase computer codes for zero-gravity applications

Description: This paper discusses the problems existing in the development of computer codes which can analyze the thermal-hydraulic behavior of two-phase fluids especially in low gravity nuclear reactors. The important phenomenon affecting fluid flow and heat transfer in reduced gravity is discussed. The applicability of using existing computer codes for space applications is assessed. Recommendations regarding the use of existing earth based fluid flow and heat transfer correlations are made and deficienc… more
Date: October 1, 1986
Creator: Krotiuk, W.J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Testimony (on space nuclear power) before the Subcommittee on Energy Research and Production of the Committee on Science and Technology, US House of Representatives

Description: This brief presentation consists of four parts: first, a few introductory comments about space nuclear power technology; second, a description of activities currently underway at Martin Marietta Energy Systems; third, a discussion of future directions at Martin Marietta Energy Systems; and fourth, some recommendations.
Date: October 9, 1985
Creator: Mynatt, F. R.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Cryogenic explosion environment modeling and testing of space shuttle and light-weight radioisotope heater unit interactions

Description: In order to assess the risk to the world's populace in the event of a Space Shuttle accident when radioisotope-containing heat sources are on board, testing of that system must be performed to determine release point, environments required, and the size distribution of the released fuel. To evaluate the performance of the Light-Weight Radioisotope Heater Unit (LWRHU) (101 of these 1-W items are placed on the Galileo spacecraft which will be launched from the Space Shuttle), some high-velocity i… more
Date: October 1, 1985
Creator: Johnson, E. W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Light-Weight Radioisotope Heater Unit Safety Analysis Report (LWRHU-SAR). Volume I. A. Introduction and executive summary. B. Reference Design Document (RDD)

Description: The orbiter and probe portions of the NASA Galileo spacecraft contain components which require auxiliary heat during the mission. To meet these needs, the Department of Energy's (DOE's) Office of Special Nuclear Projects (OSNP) has sponsored the design, fabrication, and testing of a one-watt encapsulated plutonium dioxide-fueled thermal heater named the Light-Weight Radioisotope Heater Unit (LWRHU). This report addresses the radiological risks which might be encountered by people both at the la… more
Date: October 1, 1985
Creator: Johnson, E. W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Light-Weight Radioisotope Heater Unit Safety Analysis Report (LWRHU-SAR). Volume II. Accident model document

Description: Purposes of this volume (AMD), are to: Identify all malfunctions, both singular and multiple, which can occur during the complete mission profile that could lead to release outside the clad of the radioisotopic material contained therein; provide estimates of occurrence probabilities associated with these various accidents; evaluate the response of the LWRHU (or its components) to the resultant accident environments; and associate the potential event history with test data or analysis to determ… more
Date: October 1, 1985
Creator: Johnson, E. W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Space Nuclear Safety Program. Progress report, April 1984

Description: This technical monthly report covers studies related to the use of /sup 238/PuO/sub 2/ in radioisotope power systems carried out for the Office of Special Nuclear Projects of the US Department of Energy by Los Alamos National Laboratory. Covered are: general-purpose heat source testing and recovery, and safety technology program (biaxial testing, iridium chemistry).
Date: October 1, 1985
Creator: George, T.G. (comp.)
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Advanced Thermionic Technology Program: summary report. Volume 1. Final report

Description: This report summarizes the progress made by the Advanced Thermionic Technology Program during the past several years. This program, sponsored by the US Department of Energy, has had as its goal adapting thermionic devices to generate electricity in a terrestrial (i.e., combustion) environment. The technology has previously been developed for astronautical applications. The report is organized in four volumes, each focused as much as possible on the needs of a particular audience. Volume 1 conta… more
Date: October 1, 1984
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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