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in subjects: "Carbon Isotopes"

open access

Source terms for airborne effluents

The origin and nature of fuel cycle wastes are discussed with regard to high-level wastes, cladding, noble gases, iodine, tritium, /sup 14/C, low-level and intermediate-level transuranic wastes, non-transuranic wastes, and ore tailings. The current practice for gaseous effluent treatment is described for light water reactors and high-temperature gas-cooled reactors. Other topics discussed are projections of nuclear power generation; projected accumulation of gaseous wastes; the impact of nuclea… more

Date: January 1, 1976

Creator: Blomeke, J. O. & Perona, J. J.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Studies of Coupled Chemical and Catalytic Coal Conversion Methods

This report concerns our research on base-catalyzed coal solubilization and a new approach for hydrogen addition. The work on base-catalyzed, chemical solubilization is continuing. this report is focused on the hydrogenation research. Specifically it deals with the use of arene chromium carbonyl complexes as reagents for the addition of dideuterium to coal molecules. In one phase of the work, he has established that the aromatic hydrocarbons in a representative coal liquid can be converted in v… more

Date: January 1, 1990

Creator: Stock, L. M.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Mound Laboratory activities for the Division of Physical Research: January--June 1976

Activities are reported in research programs devoted to computer operations, isotope separation, low temperature phenomena, separation chemistry, and separation methods. (JRD)

Date: September 30, 1976

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Bioenergetics of three aquatic insects determined by radioisotopic analyses. [/sup 51/Cr and /sup 14/C tracer techniques]

The bioenergetics of Simulium spp. and Cheumatopsyche analis from Rattlesnake Springs and Snively Creek, respectively, Benton County, Washington and Tricorthodes minutus from Deep Creek, Oneida County, Idaho were studied using a variety of techniques. Ingestion rates were measured using food sources (diatoms, finely ground watercress, bacteria, and blue-green algae) labelled with /sup 51/Cr and /sup 14/C. Theoretical ingestion rates were calculated from analyses of gut weights and digestion tim… more

Date: August 1, 1975

Creator: McCullough, D. A.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Carbon-14 immobilization via the Ba(OH)/sub 2/8H/sub 2/O process

The airborne release of /sup 14/C from various nuclear facilities has been identified as a potential biohazard due to the long half-life of /sup 14/C (5730 yrs) and the ease in which it may be assimilated into the biosphere. At Oak Ridge National Laboratory, technology is under development, as part of the Airborne Waste Management Program, for the removal and immobilization of this radionuclide. Prior studies have indicated that the /sup 14/C will likely exist in the oxidized form as CO/sub 2/ … more

Date: January 1, 1982

Creator: Haag, G. L.; Nehls, J. W. Jr. & Young, G. C.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Process behavior and environmental assessment of /sup 14/C releases from an HTGR fuel reprocessing facility

Large quantities of /sup 14/CO/sub 2/ will be evolved when graphite fuel blocks are burned during reprocessing of spent fuel from HTGR reactors. The possible release of some or all of this /sup 14/C to the environment is a matter of concern which is investigated in this paper. Various alternatives are considered in this study for decontaminating and releasing the process off-gas to the environment. Concomitant radiological analyses have been done for the waste process scenarios to supply the ne… more

Date: January 1, 1976

Creator: Snider, J. W. & Kaye, S. V.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Airborne effluent control for LMFBR fuel reprocessing plants

A significant part of the LMFBR fuel reprocessing development program has been devoted to the development of efficient removal systems for the volatile fission products, including /sup 131/I, krypton, tritium, /sup 129/I, and most recently /sup 14/C. Flowsheet studies have indicated that very significant reductions of radioactive effluents can be achieved by integrating advanced effluent control systems with new concepts of containment and ventilation; however, the feasibility of such has not y… more

Date: January 1, 1976

Creator: Yarbro, O. O.; Groenier, W. S. & Stephenson, M. J.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Effects of low-temperature catalytic pretreatments on coal structure and reactivity in liquefaction

Low-temperature catalytic pretreatment is a promising approach to the development of an improved liquefaction process. This work is a fundamental study on effects of pretreatments on coal structure and reactivity in liquefaction. The main objectives of this project are to study the coal structural changes induced by low-temperature catalytic and thermal pretreatments by using spectroscopic techniques; and to clarify the pretreatment-induced changes in reactivity or convertibility of coals in th… more

Date: May 1, 1992

Creator: Song, C.; Saini, A. K.; Hatcher, P. G. & Schobert, H. H.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Potential generation and radiological impacts of gaseous /sup 14/C released during reprocessing of advanced LMFBR fuels

Use of advanced carbide or nitride fuels in place of the reference oxide fuel in LMFBRs may be required in the future to optimize the utilization of this reactor system. Differences in the environmental impact associated with such fuel substitutions are of critical importance in determining the real future viability of various advanced fuels. Calculations indicate that the concentration of /sup 14/C can be significantly different in the various fuels following their residence in the reactor. Mo… more

Date: June 1, 1976

Creator: Tennery, V. J.; Bomar, E. S.; Bond, W. D.; Kaye, S. V.; Morse, L. E. & Till, J. E.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Using local momentum to disentangle angular distributions. [Optical model, DWBA]

Optical model elastic and DWBA transfer angular distributions are studied by isolating their positive and negative deflection angle components. The local angular momentum of these amplitudes allows isolation of the regions of angular momentum space that are contributing to the different angular regions of the cross sections. This information can be employed to isolate features of the cross sections arising from orbiting, reflection, Coulomb rainbows, nuclear rainbows, Regge poles, etc. Specific… more

Date: March 1, 1976

Creator: Fuller, R. C. & Moffa, P. J.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Sample oxidation for liquid scintillation counting

The general features of biological and medical investigations which are responsible for the demands such investigations place upon the design specifications of liquid scintillation counters and associated methodology are reviewed. Special emphasis is given to the oxidative technique for sample preparation. (LK)

Date: January 1, 1976

Creator: Kisieleski, W. E. & Buess, E. M.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Nuclear Waste Management quarterly progress report, October--December 1976

Research topics on which progress is reported include decontamination and densification of chop-leach cladding residues, monitoring of effluents from waste solidification, TRU waste fixation, krypton solidification, /sup 14/C and /sup 129/I fixation, waste management system studies, organic complexes of fission products, characterization of 300 Area burial grounds, electropolishing as a decontamination technique, and decommissioning of Hanford facilities. 11 tables, 18 figures. (DLC)

Date: April 1, 1977

Creator: Platt, A. M. (comp.)

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Study of structure of nuclei with neutrons and nuclear data measurements for MFE. Progress report, September 1, 1979-August 31, 1980

Measurements of neutron differential elastic and inelastic scattering cross sections have been made for /sup 6/Li, /sup 7/Li, /sup 11/B and /sup 13/C. For /sup 7/Li + n, a multichannel R-matrix analysis has been completed, providing much new structure information for the compound /sup 8/Li system. These results are in very good agreement with recent theoretical model calculations, so that together the two provide considerable advancement in the state of our knowledge of /sup 8/Li. R-matrix anal… more

Date: January 1, 1980

Creator: Lane, R. O.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Applications of isotopes. [Need and cost of stable iotopes for use as tracers in biomedical and environmental studies]

Current and potential applications of stable isotopes as tracers in a number of biomedical and environmental areas are discussed. It is pointed out that a wide variety of problems exist in these fields whose solutions in principle are amenable to the isotopic approach. The number and diversity of these problems as well as the unique role stable isotopes can play in their solution illustrate the importance of achieving and maintaining a broad inventory of isotopic species. Experience has demonst… more

Date: January 1, 1976

Creator: Kirby-Smith, J. S.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Methodology for estimating radiation doses due to tritium and radiocarbon releases. [Health hazards from thermonuclear reactors]

Although the exact release rates of tritium (/sup 3/H) and /sup 14/C to the environment from a fusion power plant are not known, unit dose rates from postulated releases to air or to surface water can be calculated for a hypothetical individual and for population groups. Assuming a tritium release of 1 curie per year (Ci/yr) as HTO to the atmosphere, a hypothetical maximum individual residing near a fusion power plant might receive a dose rate of 2 x 10/sup -3/ millirem per year (mrem/yr). Assu… more

Date: September 1, 1976

Creator: Baker, D. A. & Soldat, J. K.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Inhibition of retrogressive reactions in coal/petroleum co-processing

The overall objective of this project is to develop a fundamental understanding of the reactions occurring at the onset of coke formation during the co-processing of coals with petroleum residue. The specific objectives include the examination of chemical components, or groups of components, in coals and petroleum feedstocks to quantify and rank the effects of these components on retardation or enhancement of coke formation. The work involves bench scale reactions in microautoclaves supplemente… more

Date: December 1, 1988

Creator: Schobert, H. H. & Tomic, J.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Mound Laboratory activities in chemical and physical research: January--June 1977

Activities are reported in research programs on computer operations, isotope separation, low temperature phenomena, metal hydrides, separation chemistry, and separation methods. (JRD)

Date: October 4, 1977

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

A small low energy cyclotron for radioisotope measurements

Direct detection of {sup 14}C by accelerator mass spectrometry has proved to be a much more sensitive method for radiocarbon dating than the decay counting method invented earlier by Libby. A small cyclotron (the cyclotrino'') was proposed for direct detection of radiocarbon in 1980. This combined the suppression of background through the use of negative ions, which had been used effectively in tandem accelerators, with the high intrinsic mass resolution of a cyclotron. Development of a small e… more

Date: November 1, 1989

Creator: Bertsche, Kirk Joseph

Item Type: Thesis or Dissertation

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Theoretical and observational review of results on nova explosions occurring on ONeMg white dwarfs

The nova outburst is the second most violent explosion that occurs in a galaxy. This review presents the recent observational and theoretical studies that have demonstrated that there exist two classes of nova outburst. One type of nova occurs on a CO white dwarf and the other type of nova occurs on an ONeMg white dwarf. The second class of outbursts are much more violent and occur much more frequently then the first class of outbursts. Hydrodynamic simulations of both kinds of outbursts are in… more

Date: July 7, 1986

Creator: Starrfield, S.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Studies of carbon-13 vapor pressure isotope effect in CHF/sub 3/

The vapor pressure of /sup 13/CHF/sub 3/ relative to /sup 12/CHF/sub 3/ has been measured from 161 to 205/sup 0/K using a modified Bigeleisen distillation column and chromatography and mass spectroscopy of the oxidized samples. The data of each distillation run were reduced in light of a modified Cohen's theory of the kinetics of a square cascade of close-separation stages. The vapor pressure isotope effect for carbon substitution in CHF/sub 3/ in this temperature range was found to be an inver… more

Date: August 1, 1976

Creator: Borodinsky, L. & Ishida, T.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Fusion related atomic physics. Progress report, June 1, 1975--February 28, 1976

Summaries of research progress on ion--atom collisions are given. Electron capture by high velocity point charges (bare nuclei with Z less than or equal to 9) was studied in several ways. Studies on the nuclear reactions induced by /sup 13/C and /sup 9/Be ions near the Coulomb barrier have continued. (MOW)

Date: February 1976

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Hot cell studies of light water reactor fuel reprocessing. [Radioactivity distribution; dissolution; extraction; waste evaporation]

Experiments were run using all-glass equipment with irradiated fuel in a hot cell, in order to study possible problems in LWR fuel reprocessing (radioactivity distribution during dissolution, stability of extraction raffinate, waste partitioning). Behavior of /sup 129/I, tritium, and /sup 14/C in the off-gas was studied, as were the radioisotopes in the dissolver solution; results are compared with ORIGEN calculations. Actinide mass analyses were also made and compared with ORIGEN. Residues and… more

Date: January 1, 1976

Creator: Campbell, D. O. & Buxton, S. R.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Mound Laboratory activities for the Division of Physical Research: July--December 1975

Research and development are reported in the following areas: isotope separation and production for Ar, C, He, Kr, Ne, O, S, and Xe; testing of cubic B crystals for superconductivity; metal hydride research on band theory and electronic structure and spin-lattice relaxation times for VH/sub x/; separation chemistry of Pu, /sup 231/Pa, /sup 230/Th, /sup 229/Th, and /sup 234/U; adsorption of U and Pu by bone char; separation research for Ca and S isotopes; molecular beam scattering for Ar--Kr; an… more

Date: May 14, 1976

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Stable isotope sales: Mound Laboratory customer and shipment summaries, FY 1976 and FY 1976A

A listing is given of Mound Laboratory's sales of stable isotopes of noble gases, carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, chlorine, and sulfur for fiscal years 1976 and 1976A (the period July 1, 1975 through September 30, 1976). Purchasers are listed alphabetically and are divided into domestic and foreign groups. A cross-reference index by location is included for domestic customers. Cross-reference listings by isotope purchased are included for all customers.

Date: June 6, 1977

Creator: Ruwe, A. H., Jr.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department