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Glossary: Carbon dioxide and climate

Description: This Glossary contains definitions of selected CO{sub 2}-related terms as well as tables containing information related to CO{sub 2} and climate. Each term is defined with an emphasis on its relationship to CO{sub 2} and climate. Many of the definitions are then followed by a more detailed description of the term and its use. References to the literature from which the definitions were taken are listed at the end of the Glossary.
Date: August 1, 1990
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Influences of clouds and rain on the large-scale transport and deposition of sulfur

Description: This paper describes the application of a three-dimensional, global-scale Eulerian model with an explicit description of cloud and chemical processes. Simulation results describing the transport of sulfur from North America and Europe across the north Atlantic Ocean during a climatological July are presented. Wet deposition was found to contribute slightly more to total sulfur deposition than dry deposition, a feature explained by the large amounts of precipitation during this month. The wet de… more
Date: July 1, 1991
Creator: Luecken, D.J.; Berkowitz, C.M. & Easter, R.C.
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Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The quest for greenhouse-constrained technologies amid other concerns for environment and energy

Description: As we approach the 21st century, sentiments run high in the US for improved air quality in our cities and for a more secure energy future, hopefully to be manifest in lesser dependence on foreign supplies of oil. These sentiments are reflected in intense political activity on both the federal and state levels to enact legislation that will help alleviate both problems. At the same time though, the recent emergence of awareness of a threat of global warming due to ever increasing emissions of gr… more
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: McGill, R.N.
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Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The IGAC activity for the development of global emissions inventories: Description and initial results

Description: Modeling assessments of the atmospheric chemistry, air quality and climatic conditions of the past, present and future require as input inventories of emissions of the appropriate chemical species constructed on appropriate spatial and temporal scales. The task of the Global Emissions Inventories Activity (GEIA) of the International Global Atmospheric Chemistry Project (IGAC) is the production of global inventories suitable for a range of research applications. Current GEIA programs are general… more
Date: February 1, 1992
Creator: Benkovitz, C.M. (Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY (United States)) & Graedel, T.E. (AT and T Bell Labs., Murray Hill, NJ (United States))
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Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Soot in the stratosphere: The impact of current and HSCT aircraft emissions

Description: One of the trace components of emissions from aircraft engines and other combustion sources are soot particles. These particles are strongly absorbing in the visible and IR spectra, may act as condensation nuclei, and may provide a large surface area for the catalytic promotion of gas-phase chemical reactions. Soot if found throughout the troposphere, even at remote locations, and also in the stratosphere. Present techniques do not allow an unambiguous identification of the sources. This paper … more
Date: August 1, 1991
Creator: Hansen, A.D.A. (Lawrence Berkeley Lab., CA (United States)); Pueschel, R.F. & Snetsinger, K.G. (National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Moffett Field, CA (United States). Ames Research Center)
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Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Emissions of greenhouse gases from the use of transportation fuels and electricity

Description: This report presents estimates of full fuel-cycle emissions of greenhouse gases from using transportation fuels and electricity. The data cover emissions of carbon dioxide (CO{sub 2}), methane, carbon monoxide, nitrous oxide, nitrogen oxides, and nonmethane organic compounds resulting from the end use of fuels, compression or liquefaction of gaseous transportation fuels, fuel distribution, fuel production, feedstock transport, feedstock recovery, manufacture of motor vehicles, maintenance of tr… more
Date: November 1, 1991
Creator: DeLuchi, M.A. (California Univ., Davis, CA (United States))
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Estimated increases in the cost of electricity under three acid-rain control bills

Description: Several bills were introduced in the past two Congresses to reduce emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides from electric power plants. The effects of these bills on electricity costs depend on features of the bills, on the mix of generating capacity owned by different electric utilities, on the technologies available for complying with the legislation, and on the time horizon used to calculate the costs. A system of computer software has been developed to make utility-specific estimates… more
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: Hillsman, E .L. & Alvic, D. R.
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Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Regional analysis of S emission-deposition trends in North America from 1979 through 1988

Description: Variations in SO{sub x} emissions weighted by a regional deposition model are shown to account for most of the variance in regionally averaged annual wet deposition (WD) and precipitation-weighted concentrations (PWCs) of sulfate in the United States and Canada during the period 1979--1988. Total emissions decreased about 15% during that time. For all sites combined, weighted emissions accounted for about two-thirds of the variance, with slightly better performance for PWC than for WD. Restrict… more
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: Shannon, J.D.
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Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Environmental issues in planning building energy technologies R D in the United States

Description: The US Department of Energy's Office of Building Technologies (OBT) has begun studies on the relationship and impact of buildings energy use on the environment, particularly with respect to global climate change, acid rain, stratospheric ozone depletion, and indoor air quality. The paper presents an overview of international and US federal activity in global change to set OBT's activities in context. The paper then reviews briefly the contribution of buildings to atmospheric problems through bu… more
Date: August 1, 1991
Creator: Farhar, B.C. (Solar Energy Research Inst., Golden, CO (United States)); Abel, F.H. (USDOE, Washington, DC (United States)); Nicholls, A.K. (Pacific Northwest Lab., Richland, WA (United States)) & Millhone, J.P. (USDOE Assistant Secretary for Conservation and Renewable Energy, Washington, DC (United States). Office of the Deputy Assistant Secretary for Building Technologies)
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Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Use of the Edmonds-Reilly Model to model energy-related greenhouse gas emissions

Description: The purpose of this paper is to document the results of our application of the Edmonds-Reilly Model (ERM) using several scenarios provided for an Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) project comparing global models. Because the output of this exercise is data-rich, most of this exposition is in graphical form, with the narrative serving mainly as a roadmap for moving from one highlight to the next. The first two sections of the paper briefly describe the model and some o… more
Date: January 1, 1992
Creator: Barns, D. W.; Edmonds, J. A. & Reillyn, J. M.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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CO sub 2 emissions from developing countries: Better understanding the role of energy in the long term

Description: Recent years have witnessed a growing recognition of the link between emissions of carbon dioxide (CO{sub 2}) and changes in the global climate. Of all anthropogenic activities, energy production and use generate the single largest portion of these greenhouse gases. Although developing countries currently account for a small share of global carbon emissions, their contribution is increasing rapidly. Due to the rapid expansion of energy demand in these nations, the developing world's share in gl… more
Date: July 1, 1991
Creator: Sathaye, J. & Goldman, N. (eds.)
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Efficiencies of free-air gas fumigation devices

Description: One of the key uncertainties relative to future increases in atmospheric CO{sub 2} is the extent to which growth in future emissions will be accommodated by increased uptake by terrestrial vegetation, the so-called fertilization'' effect. Research on this issue is currently pursued by many research groups around the world, using various experimental protocols and devices. These range from leaf cuvettes to various types of enclosures and glass-houses to various types of open-field gas enrichment… more
Date: March 1, 1992
Creator: Lipfert, F. W.; Hendrey, G. R.; Lewin, K. F. & Nagy, J.
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Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Reducing greenhouse gas emissions in Czechoslovakia

Description: In this paper are presented important findings on the potential for energy conservation and carbon emissions reduction over the coming decades in Czechoslovakia. The authors describe the state of the energy use in Czechoslovakia today and the measures required to transform its energy system to a market-based economy oriented towards the environmental goal of decreased energy intensity. This work furthers our understanding of the need for energy efficiency in the newly forming market economies o… more
Date: December 1, 1991
Creator: Kostalova, M. (Office of International Economic Corp., Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Prague (Czechoslovakia)); Suk, J. (Inst. for Forecasting, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, Prague (Czechoslovakia)) & Kolar, S. (Pacific Northwest Lab., Richland, WA (United States))
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The efficient use of natural gas in transportation

Description: Concerns over air quality and greenhouse gas emissions have prompted discussion as well as action on alternative fuels and energy efficiency. Natural gas and natural gas derived fuels and fuel additives are prime alternative fuel candidates for the transportation sector. In this study, we reexamine and add to past work on energy efficiency and greenhouse gas emissions of natural gas fuels for transportation (DeLuchi 1991, Santini et a. 1989, Ho and Renner 1990, Unnasch et al. 1989). We add to p… more
Date: January 1, 1992
Creator: Stodolsky, F. & Santini, D. J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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CO sub 2 emissions from developing countries: Better understanding the role of energy in the long term

Description: Recent years have witnessed a growing recognition of the link between emissions of carbon dioxide (CO{sub 2}) and changes in the global climate. of all anthropogenic activities, energy production and use generate the single largest portion of these greenhouse gases. Although developing countries currently account for a small share of global carbon emissions, their contribution is increasing rapidly. Due to the rapid expansion of energy demand in these nations, the developing world's share in gl… more
Date: July 1, 1991
Creator: Sathaye, J. & Goldman, N. (eds.)
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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CO sub 2 emissions from developing countries: Better understanding the role of energy in the long term

Description: This study examines energy use and carbon emissions in the developing world. Based on analyses of present energy-use patterns in 17 developing nations, this study presents high emissions and low emissions scenarios for these nations in the year 2025. These nations combined account for two thirds of the energy-related carbon emissions presently generated in the developing world. The analysis reveals that energy demand expands dramatically by 2025 and grows increasingly carbon intensive. In the h… more
Date: February 1, 1991
Creator: Sathaye, J. & Ketoff, A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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1999 - 2000 Legislature: 1999 Senate Bill 287

Description: An Act making an appropriation for the state land disposal bank program; making an appropriation from the constitutional budget reserve fund under art. IX, sec. 17(c), Constitution of the State of Alaska; and providing for an effective date.
Date: November 1999
Creator: Senators Burke; Senators Cowles; Senators Clausing; Senators Rosenzweig; Senators Darling & Senators Roessler
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Partner: UNT Libraries
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Changing by Degrees: Steps To Reduce Greenhouse Gases

Description: This report discusses the actions necessary to effect a major reduction of United States. carbon dioxide emissions. The U.S. is the world’s leading industrial society and largest single emitter of carbon dioxide. Climate change therefore presents a unique challenge to this Nation. It is a threat that will require major prudent political actions even before all the scientific certainties are resolved. The analysis, prevention, and remediation of global warming will require unprecedented internat… more
Date: February 1991
Creator: United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Climate Treaties and Models: Issues in the International Management of Climate Change

Description: This paper seeks to place the issue of climate change within an international context. Specifically, it addresses the feasibility of forging treaty agreements among countries to achieve significant worldwide reductions in emissions of greenhouse gases.
Date: June 1994
Creator: United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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MARKAL-MACRO: An overview

Description: MARKAL-MACRO is an experiment in model linkage. This new tool is intended as an improvement over existing methods for energy policy assessment. It is designed specifically for estimating the costs and analyzing alternative technologies and policies proposed for reducing environmental risks such as global climate change or regional air pollution. The greenhouse gas debate illustrates the usefulness of linked energy-economy models. A central issue is the coupling between economic growth, the leve… more
Date: November 12, 1992
Creator: Hamilton, L.D.; Goldstein, G.A.; Lee, J.; Marcuse, W.; Morris, S.C. (Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY (United States)); Manne, A.S. (Stanford Univ., CA (United States)) et al.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Simulations of greenhouse trace gases using the Los Alamos chemical tracer model

Description: Through three-dimensional global model studies on atmospheric composition and transport, we are improving our quantitative understanding of the origins and behavior of trace gases that affect Earth's radiative energy balance and climate. We will focus, in this paper, on the simulations of three individual trace gases including CFC-11, methyl chloroform, and methane. We first used our chemical tracer model to study the global distribution and trend of chemically inert CFC-11 observed by the Atmo… more
Date: November 1, 1991
Creator: Kao, C.Y.J.; Morz, E. (Los Alamos National Lab., NM (United States)) & Tie, X. (Scripps Institution of Oceanography, San Diego, CA (United States))
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Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Use of the Edmonds-Reilly Model to model energy-sector impacts of greenhouse gas emissions control strategies

Description: The purpose of this paper is to document the results of our application of the Edmonds-Reilly Model (ERM) using several scenarios provided in connection with the 1991 Energy Modeling Forum (EMF). The purpose of this session of the forum is to compare the efforts of several modeling teams using common assumptions to examine the energy sector impacts of strategies to control greenhouse gas emissions. Because the output of this exercise is data-rich, most of this exposition is in graphical form wi… more
Date: January 1, 1992
Creator: Barns, D. W.; Edmonds, J. A. & Reilly, J. M.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Global climate change and international security

Description: On May 8--10, 1991, the Midwest Consortium of International Security Studies (MCISS) and Argonne National Laboratory cosponsored a conference on Global Climate Change and International Security. The aim was to bring together natural and social scientists to examine the economic, sociopolitical, and security implications of the climate changes predicted by the general circulation models developed by natural scientists. Five themes emerged from the papers and discussions: (1) general circulation … more
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: Rice, M.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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