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Oxygen Quenching Errors in Liquid Scintillation Counting of C14O2 Following Schoniger Flask Combustion

Description: Kalberer and Rutschmann (Helv, Chim, Act, 44 : 1956, 1961) described a method of estimating quantitatively C-14 compounds on a paper carrier, for example chromatograms. The sample is combusted in oxygen, the C14O2 produced being absorbed in ethanolamine solution and counted by liquid scintillation techniques. However, errors occur where there are deviations from their experimental conditions, such as in counting equipment or weight combusted, owing to differing concentrations of dissolved oxyge… more
Date: September 1963
Creator: Matthews, R. W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Global Warming: A Northwest Perspective

Description: The Northwest Power Planning Council convened a symposium in Olympia, Washington, on the subject of global climate change ( the greenhouse effect'') and its potential for affecting the Pacific Northwest. The symposium was organized in response to a need by the Power Council to understand global climate change and its potential impacts on resource planning and fish and wildlife planning for the region, as well as a need to understand national policy developing toward climate change and the Pacif… more
Date: February 1990
Creator: Scott, M. J. & Counts, C. A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Advanced NMR-based techniques for pore structure analysis of coal

Description: One of the main problems in coal utilization is the inability to properly characterize its complex pore structure. Coals typically have micro/ultra-micro pores but they also exhibit meso and macroporosity. We believe that measurement of the NMR parameters of various gas phase and adsorbed phase NMR active probes can provide the resolution to this problem. We will investigate the dependence of the common NMR parameters such as chemical shifts and relaxation times of several different nuclei and … more
Date: January 1, 1992
Creator: Smith, D. M.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Silica scale technology and water conservation. [Recirculating evaporative cooling]

Description: Conservation of water at the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory (LASL) has been accomplished by recirculating evaporative cooling waters. Because of high silica concentration (80 mg/l) in Los Alamos groundwater, the concentration of recirculating water must be carefully controlled to prevent scaling. The most troublesome scale at Los Alamos has been identified as colloidal silica bound in a crystalline matrix of calcium carbonate. Several approaches to controlling this scale are: (1) chemical tre… more
Date: January 1, 1976
Creator: Midkiff, William S. & Foyt, H. Pressley
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Geothermal gas sampling methods

Description: A method for geothermal gas collection for chemical and isotopic gas analysis is described. The CO/sub 2/ and H/sub 2/S are absorbed in a NaOH solution and the residual gas collected in a bottle. The method can be used for sampling gases from hot springs, fumaroles, steam wells, hot water wells, etc. (WHK)
Date: January 1, 1973
Creator: Truesdell, A. H. & Pering, K. L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Thermodynamics and surface structure of coals

Description: We propose that most pores in coals are closed. They cannot be reached by diffusion through a pore network but can only be reached by diffusion through solid coal. Co{sub 2} gives accurate total surface areas because it dissolves in and rapidly diffuses through solid coals, reaching all the pores. This surface area is irrelevant to materials which are only slightly soluble or insoluble in coals for these can only reach a small portion of the pores. Thus, the diffusion rate controls the determin… more
Date: January 1, 1990
Creator: Larsen, J. W.; Quay, D. M.; Roberts, J. E. & Wernett, P. C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Thermodynamics of the conversion of plutonium dioxide to plutonium monocarbide

Description: The present study contains an equilibrium thermodynamic analysis of the Pu--C--O system and a discussion from an equilibrium thermodynamic point of view of the direct carbothermic reduction and two-step carbothermic-hydrogen reduction of PuO/sub 2/ to PuC/sub 1-x/. Included are considerations of the partial pressures of the various species in the Pu--C--O and Pu--C--H systems, the process parameters required for conversion of the oxide to the carbide, and the loss of plutonium due to vapor spec… more
Date: July 1, 1976
Creator: Besmann, T. M. & Lindemer, T. B.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Separation of radioactive krypton from carbon dioxide and oxygen with molecular sieves

Description: In the reprocessing of HTGR nuclear fuels, the off-gas cleanup system generates a stream containing about 1 percent krypton, 90+ percent CO/sub 2/, and various amounts of O/sub 2/, N/sub 2/, and xenon. The krypton is radioactive and must be separated from the CO/sub 2/ before it is bottled or zeolite-encapsulated for final disposal. A series of theoretical and experimental investigations to find the best method for separating CO/sub 2/ and krypton under the required conditions showed that 5A mo… more
Date: October 1, 1977
Creator: Forsberg, C. W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The Effect of Chemical Additives on the Synthesis of Ethanol

Description: The objective of this research is to elucidate the role of various chemical additives on ethanol synthesis over Rh- and Ni-based catalysts. Chemical additives used for this study will include S, P, Ag, Cu, Mn, and Na which have different electronegativeities. The effect of additives on the surface state of the catalysts, heat of adsorption of reactant molecules, reaction intermediates, reaction pathways, reaction kinetics, and product distributions is/will be investigated by a series of experim… more
Date: April 30, 1989
Creator: Chuang, S. S. C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Process for cleaning and removal of sulfur compounds from low Btu fuel gases

Description: Completion of the design of the electrical circuitry brings the design phase of the work to a virtual close. Minor design work remaining involves the air preheater, steam-CO/sub 2/ preheater, and sampling systems. Contracts were negotiated with a local firm for remodeling the support structure and increasing the exhaust stack height by 20 ft and with a Portland concern for fabrication of all pipe and equipment which must be alonized. The regeneration and extraction columns and trace heaters for… more
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Moore, R. H.; Ham, D. G. & Robertus, R. J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Kernel migration for HTGR fuels from the Th--U--C--O--N system

Description: Nuclear fuels for the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR) consist of spherical kernels of actinide compounds contained within gastight pyrolytic carbon and SiC. This fuel is subjected to a significant in-reactor temperature gradient that leads to migration of the fuel kernel up the temperature gradient and into the coating layers. This phenomenon has been studied both in the laboratory and in-reactor for fuel kernels from the Th-U-C-O-N system. Application of theory to the analysis of in… more
Date: April 1, 1976
Creator: Lindemer, T. B. & Pearson, R. L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Effect of deposition conditions on the properties of pyrolytic silicon carbide coatings for high-temperature gas-cooled reactor fuel particles

Description: Silicon carbide coatings on HTGR microsphere fuel act as the barrier to contain metallic fission products. Silicon carbide coatings were applied by the decomposition of CH/sub 3/SiCl/sub 3/ in a 13-cm-diam (5-in.) fluidized-bed coating furnace. The effects of temperature, CH/sub 3/SiCl/sub 3/ supply rate and the H/sub 2/:CH/sub 3/SiCl/sub 3/ ratio on coating properties were studied. Deposition temperature was found to control coating density, whole particle crushing strength, coating efficiency… more
Date: October 1, 1977
Creator: Stinton, D. P. & Lackey, W. J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Determination of fission product and heavy metals inventories in FTE-4 fuel rods by a grind-burn-leach flowsheet

Description: Experiments using High-Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor (HTGR) fuel material, TRISO-coated (2.75 Th/U)C/sub 2/--TRISO-coated ThC/sub 2/ and TRISO-coated UO/sub 2/--BISO-coated ThO/sub 2/, were performed in Building 4507 (the High-Level Chemical Development Facility) to determine the inventory and transport behavior of fission products and heavy metals from a grind-burn-leach process flowsheet. In addition, values calculated by the ORNL Isotope Generation and Depletion Code (ORIGEN, a computer pro… more
Date: July 1, 1977
Creator: Fitzgerald, C. L.; Vaughen, V. C. A. & Lamb, C. E.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Characteristics of American coals in relation to their conversion into clean energy fuels. Quarterly technical progress report, July--September 1975

Description: Twenty-one coal samples have been collected and characterized. Sixty coals have been provided to other agencies at their request. The capability of controlling coal characteristics during preparation is being developed: large variations in volatile content occur within a given raw coal but, by controlling the preparation, a uniform product with the devised specifications can be produced. Studies have begun on the suitability of various coals and cokes for use in pressurized fixed bed gasifiers.… more
Date: December 1, 1975
Creator: Spackman, W.; Davis, A.; Walker, P. L.; Lovell, H. L.; Essenhigh, R. H.; Vastola, F. J. et al.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Ceramic Technology Project

Description: The Ceramic Technology Project was developed by the USDOE Office of Transportation Systems (OTS) in Conservation and Renewable Energy. This project, part of the OTS's Materials Development Program, was developed to meet the ceramic technology requirements of the OTS's automotive technology programs. Significant accomplishments in fabricating ceramic components for the USDOE and NASA advanced heat engine programs have provided evidence that the operation of ceramic parts in high-temperature engi… more
Date: March 1, 1992
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Chemistry of the KALC process. The CO/sub 2/--I/sub 2/--CH/sub 3/I--H/sub 2/O system

Description: The chemistry of the CO/sub 2/--I/sub 2/--CH/sub 3/I--H/sub 2/O system in stainless steel has been investigated with respect to the probable reactions of these components in the KALC process. Iodine is stable in dry CO/sub 2/ contained in stainless steel; but in the presence of organic impurities or water, it is lost from solution via reactions which produce solid phases. Methyl iodide, however, is stable in either wet or dry CO/sub 2/ solutions. Distribution coefficients for I/sub 2/ and CH/su… more
Date: November 1, 1976
Creator: Toth, L. M.; Bell, J. T.; Fuller, D. W.; Buxton, S. R.; Friedman, H. A. & Billings, M. R.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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A molecular surface science study of the structure of adsorbates on surfaces: Importance to lubrication

Description: The interaction and bonding of atoms and molecules on metal surfaces is explored under ultra-high vacuum conditions using a variety of surface science techniques: high resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy (HREELS), low energy electron diffraction (LEED), thermal desorption spectroscopy (TDS), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), work function measurements, and second harmonic generation (SHG). 164 refs., 51 figs., 3 tabs.
Date: September 1, 1986
Creator: Mate, C. M.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Facies of ion bombarded surfaces of brittle materials. [Protons, deuterons, He ions]

Description: Materials were bombarded by protons, deuterons, and helium ions. The materials investigated were quartz; glasses; carbides and borides (SiC, B/sub 4/C, TiB/sub 2/); oxides and nitrides (magnorite, sapphire, spinel, Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/, Si/sub 3/N/sub 4/, ZrO/sub 2/, BaTiO/sub 3/); and miscellaneous (graphite, LiNbO/sub 3/, copper). Oberservations were of growth, reflectivity, blistering, surface ablation, and swelling. Calculations were made of the effects of a layer, of its gradual transformatio… more
Date: December 1, 1975
Creator: Primak, W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Krypton absorption in liquid CO/sub 2/ (KALC): Campaign III in the Experimental Engineering Section Off-Gas Decontamination Facility

Description: Results are presented for the third major campaign for quantifying krypton removal from simulated High-Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor reprocessing off-gas by the KALC process. The Experimental Engineering Section Off-Gas Decontamination Facility used in the campaign provides engineering-scale experiments with nominal gas and liquid flows of 5 scfm and 0.5 gpm, respectively. Mass transfer experiments for the CO/sub 2/--O/sub 2/--Kr system are described for the absorption, fractionation, and stri… more
Date: September 1, 1977
Creator: Gilliam, T. M.; Fowler, V. L. & Inman, D. J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Transpiration of helium and carbon monoxide through a multihundred watt, PICS filter. [Primary impact containment shell (PICS)]

Description: The transpiration of CO through the Multihundred Watt (MHW) filter can be described by Fick's first law or as a first order, reversible reaction. From Fick's first law, a ''diffusion'' coefficient of 7.8 x 10/sup -4/ cm.L/sec (L is the average path length through the filter) was determined. For the first order reversible reaction, a rate constant of 0.0058 hr/sup -1/ was obtained for both the forward and reverse reactions (they were assumed to be equal). This corresponds to a half-life of 120 h… more
Date: July 30, 1976
Creator: Schaeffer, D. R.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Ceramic coatings for components exposed to coal-gas environments: a review. [64 references]

Description: The corrosive and erosive environments at high temperatures and pressures in coal gasifiers impose severe requirements on the alloys of fabrication. A concise review of the application of ceramic coatings to resist coal-gas environments has been conducted. The purpose of this review is to explore suitable ceramic or cermet materials that may resist or retard the degradation of metal components and to summarize the state of the art of various methods of producing such coatings.
Date: December 1, 1976
Creator: Swaroop, R
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Studies of Coupled Chemical and Catalytic Coal Conversion Methods

Description: This report concerns our research on base-catalyzed coal solubilization and a new approach for hydrogen addition. The work on base-catalyzed, chemical solubilization is continuing. this report is focused on the hydrogenation research. Specifically it deals with the use of arene chromium carbonyl complexes as reagents for the addition of dideuterium to coal molecules. In one phase of the work, he has established that the aromatic hydrocarbons in a representative coal liquid can be converted in v… more
Date: January 1, 1990
Creator: Stock, L. M.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Hydrostatic compression of explosives and detonation products to 10 GPa (100 kbars) and their calculated shock compression: results for PETN, TATB, CO/sub 2/, and H/sub 2/O

Description: The isothermal linear and volume compressions of PETN, TATB, CO/sub 2/, and H/sub 2/O are determined from x-ray diffraction patterns taken at hydrostatic pressures up to 10 GPa. From the compressions the Hugoniots of these materials are calculated assuming that the heat capacity at constant volume and the ratio of the Grueneisen constant to the specific volume both remain constant over the 10 GPa pressure range studied here. The Hugoniots in shock-particle velocity coordinates centered at 0 GPa… more
Date: January 1, 1976
Creator: Olinger, B. W. & Cady, H. H.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Solution chemistry and scaling in hot dry rock geothermal systems

Description: Field and laboratory experiments have focused on measuring the kinetics and equilibria associated with the transport of minerals from granite to circulating aqueous solutions. Presently two wellbores drilled to a depth of approximately 10,000 ft in the Valles Caldera region of the New Mexico Jemez mountains permit closed-loop circulation of fluid through a hydraulically fractured granite geothermal reservoir containing rock at 200/sup 0/C. Field measurements have dealth primarily with the build… more
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Tester, J. W.; Holley, C. E. Jr. & Blatz, L. A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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