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Development of ultrafiltration and inorganic adsorbents for reducing volumes of low-level and intermediate-level liquid waste: January--March 1978

Description: The exposure of noncellulosic ultrafiltration membranes to a radioactive environment simulating up to 24 months of exposure to a beta dose of 10 ..mu..Ci/cm/sup 3/ and a gamma dose of 10/sup -5/ ..mu..Ci/cm/sup 3/ did not show any conclusive evidence of membrane degradation. Viscosity measurements for control membranes and irradiated membranes indicate no changes in polymer molecular weight were caused by the radiation exposure. This, in turn, suggests no physical or mechanical degradation took… more
Date: April 27, 1978
Creator: Koenst, J. W.; Herald, W. R. & Roberts, R. C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Development of ultrafiltration and inorganic adsorbents for reducing volumes of low-level and intermediate-level liquid waste: October--December 1977

Description: The exposures of noncellulosic ultrafiltration membranes to a radioactive environment simulating up to 24 months of exposure to a ..beta.. dose of 10 ..mu..Ci/cm/sup 3/, a ..gamma.. dose of 10/sup -5/ ..mu..Ci/cm/sup 3/, and an ..cap alpha.. dose of 4.9 x 10/sup -3/ ..mu..Ci/cm/sup 3/ were completed. Exposure to ..beta.. and ..gamma.. radiation did not affect membrane performance. After a simulated six months of exposure to ..cap alpha.. radiation some degradation of membrane performance occurr… more
Date: February 24, 1978
Creator: Koenst, J. W.; Herald, W. R. & Roberts, R. C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Development of ultrafiltration and inorganic adsorbents for reducing volumes of low-level and intermediate-level liquid waste: July--September 1977

Description: The ultrafiltration (UF) pilot system is being evaluated at Mound Facility. The effect of pressure drop, temperature, and pH of the feed on system performance has been studied. The system has been run through a number of cleaning cycles including tap water flush, enzyme soak, detergent wash, and citric acid/oxalic acid wash. A continuous run was started on waste from the Waste Processing Facility; about 11,500 gal has been processed. Studies to determine the effect of (..cap alpha.., ..beta.., … more
Date: February 9, 1978
Creator: Koenst, J. W.; Herald, W. R. & Roberts, R. C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Evaluation of ultrafiltration membranes for treating low-level radioactive contaminated liquid waste

Description: A series of experiments were performed on Waste Disposal Facility (WD) influent using Romicon hollow fiber ultrafiltration modules with molecular weight cutoffs ranging from 2000 to 80,000. The rejection of conductivity was low in most cases. The rejection of radioactivity ranged from 90 to 98%, depending on the membrane type and on the feed concentration. Typical product activity ranged from 7 to 100 dis/min/ml of alpha radiation. Experiments were also performed on alpha-contaminated laundry w… more
Date: March 31, 1978
Creator: Koenst, J.W. & Roberts, R.C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Membrane-controlled processes for the energy-efficient conversion of sludges to fuels and marketable chemicals

Description: Studies were carried out on the concentration of primary and secondary sludges by ultrafiltration, and the operation of a membrane-assisted anaerobic digester to treat these sludges. Auxiliary devices including water-spilling and membrane solvent extraction were tested for their feasibility in the ehhancement of digester operations and the recovery of valuable byproducts. It was shown that membrane-facilitated digestion can increase the rate of these processes by a factor of ten, together with … more
Date: March 1, 1982
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Energy conservation by hyperfiltration: food industry background literature survey

Description: The application of hyperfiltration to selected food product streams and food processing wastewaters for energy conservation was examined. This literature survey had led to the following conclusions: no research has been conducted in the food industry using membranes with hot process streams due to the temperature limitation (< 40/sup 0/C) of the typically studied cellulose acetate membranes; based on the bench-scale research reviewed, concentration of fruit and vegetable juices with membrane… more
Date: April 15, 1980
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Development of ultrafiltration and inorganic adsorbents for reducing volumes of low-level and intermediate-level liquid waste: April--June 1977

Description: Ultrafication (UF) membranes have demonstrated 90 to 98% rejection of gross alpha in laboratory tests. In the treatment of laundry wastes, rejection of activity ranged from 98 to 99.9% gross alpha. The pilot UF system was installed and started up. Flux decline curves and volume reduction performance were determined. Volume reductions of 210 : 1 were achieved at flux rates of 1.1 gal/min (system is rated at 2 to 3 gal/min, 90% recovery) at activity rejection of 99.94% gross alpha. Adsorbent stud… more
Date: November 14, 1977
Creator: Koenst, J. W.; Herald, W. R. & Roberts, R. C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

State-of-the-art report on low-level radioactive waste treatment

Description: An attempt is made to identify the main sources of low-level radioactive wastes that are generated in the United States. To place the waste problem in perspective, rough estimates are given of the annual amounts of each generic type of waste that is generated. Most of the wet solid wastes arise from the cleanup of gaseous and liquid radioactive streams prior to discharge or recycle. The treatment of the process streams and the secondary wet solid wastes thus generated is described for each type… more
Date: September 1, 1980
Creator: Kibbey, A. H. & Godbee, H. W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Filter-separable constituents of groundwater from the Columbia River plateau

Description: The purpose of this procedure is to prepare groundwaters from the Columbia River basalt, northeastern Oregon, for batch partitioning experiments by concentration dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in water samples by ultrafiltration. Water samples were double-filtered through 0.4-..mu..m Nuclepore polycarbonate filters to remove particulates before beginning the ultrafiltration process. The results of these experiments do not indicate a consistent relation between the distribution of americium with… more
Date: January 1, 1984
Creator: Seitz, M.G. & Boggs, S. Jr.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Identification of colloids in nuclear waste glass reactions

Description: Characterization data for particulates formed under a variety of laboratory leaching conditions that simulate glass reaction in a repository environment are presented. Data on the particle size distributions and filterable fractions for neptunium, plutonium, americium, and curium were obtained by filtrations through a series of filters with pore sizes ranging from 1 {mu}m to 3.8 nm. The neptunium was found to be largely nonfilterable. Americium and plutonium were associated with filterable part… more
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: Cunnane, J.C. & Bates, J.K.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Emulsified industrial oils recycling

Description: The industrial lubricant market has been analyzed with emphasis on current and/or developing recycling and re-refining technologies. This task has been performed for the United States and other industrialized countries, specifically France, West Germany, Italy and Japan. Attention has been focused at emulsion-type fluids regardless of the industrial application involved. It was found that emulsion-type fluids in the United States represent a much higher percentage of the total fluids used than … more
Date: April 1, 1982
Creator: Gabris, T.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Novel Fouling-Reducing Coatings for Ultrafiltration, Nanofiltration, and Reverse Osmosis Membranes

Description: Polymeric membranes could potentially be the most flexible and viable long-term strategy for treatment of produced water from oil and gas production. However, widespread use of membranes, including reverse osmosis (RO) membranes, for produced water purification is hindered due to fouling caused by the impurities present in the water. Fouling of RO membranes is likely caused by surface properties including roughness, hydrophilicity, and charge, so surface modification is the most widely consider… more
Date: August 31, 2008
Creator: Freeman, Benny
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Energy minimization of separation processes using conventional/membrane hybrid systems

Description: The purpose of this study was to identify the general principles governing the choice of hybrid separation systems over straight membrane or straight nonmembrane systems and to do so by examining practical applications (process design and economics). Our focus was to examine the energy consumption characteristics and overall cost factors of the membrane and nonmembrane technologies that cause hybrid systems to be preferred over nonhybrid systems. We evaluated four cases studies, chosen on the b… more
Date: September 28, 1990
Creator: Gottschlich, D.E. & Roberts, D.L. (SRI International, Menlo Park, CA (USA))
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Thermodynamically coupled mass transport processes in a saturated clay

Description: Gradients of temperature, pressure, and fluid composition in saturated clays give rise to coupled transport processes (thermal and chemical osmosis, thermal diffusion, ultrafiltration) in addition to the direct processes (advection and diffusion). One-dimensional transport of water and a solute in a saturated clay subjected to mild gradients of temperature and pressure was simulated numerically. When full coupling was accounted for, volume flux (specific discharge) was controlled by thermal osm… more
Date: November 1, 1984
Creator: Carnahan, C.L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The effects of tributyl phosphate on a polymeric ultrafilter

Description: The purpose of this project was to determine the effects that tributyl phosphate (TBP) would have on a polysulfone crossflow ultrafilter. Aqueous simulant solutions containing TBP (100 or 1000 mg/L) and Fe(III), Si(IV), Al(III), and NaNO{sub 3} were examined. Results obtained from simulant solutions containing 100 mg/L TBP were virtually identical to those obtained in the absence of TBP. However, a solution containing higher concentrations of TBP (1000 mg/L) very rapidly reduced the permeate fl… more
Date: August 10, 1990
Creator: Stewart, C.A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Reduced fouling of ultrafiltration membranes via surface fluorination

Description: Surface fluorination can affect significantly the performance of an ultrafiltration membrane used to concentrate a food-related stream. Membranes fluorinated and tested as flat sheets exhibit higher initial fluxes, and do not foul as rapidly as untreated membranes. This improvement is linked to increased surface hydrophilicity, as shown in decreased contact angle with water. This increased hydrophilicity, in turn, is linked to the addition of fluorine and oxygen to the surface. The pilot plant … more
Date: March 1, 1993
Creator: Sedath, R.H.; Yates, S.F. & Li, N.N.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Membrane Separation Systems---a Research and Development Needs Assessment

Description: Membrane based separation technology, a relative newcomer on the separations scene, has demonstrated the potential of saving enormous amounts of energy in the processing industries if substituted for conventional separation systems. Over 1 quad annually, out of 2.6, can possibly be saved in liquid-to-gas separations, alone, if membrane separation systems gain wider acceptance, according to a recent DOE/OIP (DOE/NBM-80027730 (1986)) study. In recent years great strides have been made in the fiel… more
Date: April 1990
Creator: Baker, R. W.; Cussler, E. L.; Eykamp, W.; Koros, W. J.; Riley, R. L. & Strathmann, H.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Technical analysis of advanced wastewater-treatment systems for coal-gasification plants

Description: This analysis of advanced wastewater treatment systems for coal gasification plants highlights the three coal gasification demonstration plants proposed by the US Department of Energy: The Memphis Light, Gas and Water Division Industrial Fuel Gas Demonstration Plant, the Illinois Coal Gasification Group Pipeline Gas Demonstration Plant, and the CONOCO Pipeline Gas Demonstration Plant. Technical risks exist for coal gasification wastewater treatment systems, in general, and for the three DOE dem… more
Date: March 31, 1981
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Reduced fouling of ultrafiltration membranes via surface fluorination

Description: Surface fluorination can affect significantly the performance of an ultrafiltration membrane used to concentrate a food-related stream. Membranes fluorinated and tested as flat sheets exhibit higher initial fluxes, and do not foul as rapidly as untreated membranes. This improvement is linked to increased surface hydrophilicity, as shown in decreased contact angle with water. This increased hydrophilicity, in turn, is linked to the addition of fluorine and oxygen to the surface. The pilot plant … more
Date: March 1, 1993
Creator: Sedath, R. H.; Yates, S. F. & Li, N. N.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Use of ligand-modified micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration to selectively separate copper ions from wastewater streams

Description: The selective removal of target ions from an aqueous solution containing ions of like charge by ligand-modified micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration (LM-MEUF), is presented. In LM-MEUF, surfactant and specially tailored ligand are added to the contaminated stream. The surfactant forms aggregates called micelles, the hydrocarbon core of which the ligand complexed with the target species will solubilize. The surfactant is chosen to have the same charge type as the target ion; therefore, other ions (… more
Date: December 31, 1992
Creator: Shadizadeh, S. B.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Thesis or Dissertation
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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A study of colloid-enhanced ultrafiltration. Final report, March 1984--December 1993

Description: Over the past nine years of funding by DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences, the authors have developed a whole family of methods under the umbrella of colloid-enhanced ultrafiltration techniques. These methods can be used for removal of either dissolved organics or multivalent ions from water or both simultaneously. They have gone from very fundamental studies of the ultrafiltration process to a field test using actual polluted groundwater. The orientation of this research has been the ultimate… more
Date: February 1, 1994
Creator: Scamehorn, J. F. & Christian, S. D.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Selective separation of Eu{sup 3+} using polymer-enhanced ultrafiltration

Description: A process to selectively remove {sup 241}Am from liquid radioactive waste was investigated as an actinide separation method applicable to Hanford and other waste sites. The experimental procedures involved removal of Eu, a nonradioactive surrogate for Am, from aqueous solutions at pH 5 using organic polymers in conjunction with ultrafiltration. Commercially available polyacrylic acid (60,000 MW) and Pacific Northwest Laboratory`s (PNL) synthesized E3 copolymer ({approximately}10,000 MW) were te… more
Date: March 1, 1994
Creator: Norton, M. V.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Technical area status report for chemical/physical treatment. Volume 2, Appendices

Description: These Appendices describe various technologies that may be applicable to the Mixed Waste Treatment Plant (MWTP) Chemical/Physical Treatment System (CPTS). These technologies were identified by the CPTS Technical Support Group (TSG) as potentially applicable to a variety of separation, volume reduction, and decontamination requirements. The purpose was to identify all available and developing technologies, and their characteristics, for subsequent evaluation for specific requirements identified … more
Date: August 1, 1993
Creator: Brown, C. H. Jr. & Schwinkendorf, W. E.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Study to determine the technical and economic feasibility of reclaiming chemicals used in micellar polymer and low tension surfactant flooding. Progress report, June 18--July 15, 1977. [By ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis]

Description: Additional literature on surfactant and emulsion characterization and reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration membranes was obtained. The ultrafiltration membrane testing equipment design was completed, and the equipment components were ordered. (LK)
Date: July 1, 1977
Creator: Stephens, R. H.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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