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in subjects: "Plastic Foams"

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Weapon foam accelerated aging using dynamic mechanical analysis

Rigid polyurethane foams are used for supports and as encapsulants for electronic assemblies in almost all weapon systems. Mechanical properties (storage, loss, rubbery, and glassy moduli) of three foams are being evaluated; the test scheme is illustrated. Aging tests are also being run on the long-term performance of foams being used in the Russian Fissile Material Container; there was no significant change in the glass transition temperature, glassy modulus, or rubbery modulus after one year … more

Date: March 1, 1996

Creator: Rand, P.B. & Hance, B.G.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Aging of polyurethane insulation foamed with second- and third-generation blowing agents

Results are presented on two studies of the effect of aging on the apparent thermal conductivity of polyurethane foam insulation for refrigerators. Both studies are cooperative projects between the Oak Ridge National Laboratory and the Appliance Research Consortium. The first study has been ongoing for four years and involves evaluation of second generation blowing agents: HCFC-141b and HCFC-142/22 blend with CFC-11 for comparison. The second study has recently started and involves third genera… more

Date: May 1998

Creator: Wilkes, K. E.; Gabbard, W. A. & Weaver, F. J.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

A constitutive theory for rigid polyurethane foam

Rigid, closed-cell, polyurethane foam consists of interconnected polyurethane plates which form cells. When this foam is compressed, it exhibits an initial elastic regime which is followed by a plateau regime in which the load required to compress the foam remains nearly constant. In the plateau regime, cell walls are damaged and large permanent volume changes are generated. As additional load is applied, cell walls are compressed against neighboring cell walls, and the stiffness of the foam in… more

Date: December 31, 1992

Creator: Neilsen, M. K.; Krieg, R. D. & Schreyer, H. L.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Hypercrosslinked polymeric foams prepared by Friedel-Crafts polycondensation

Porous materials are widely used in industry and government for chemical separations, processing and monitoring, environmental cleanup and remediation, energy efficiency, and conservation. Porous materials used in these applications include: foams, filters, membranes, absorbents, ion exchange resins, molecular sieves, zeolites, catalyst supports, sensors, and electrodes. Organic analogues to inorganic zeolites would be a significant step forward in engineered porous materials and would provide … more

Date: December 31, 1995

Creator: Steckle, W.P. Jr.; Mitchell, M.A. & Apen, P.G.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

A multiphase model for shock-induced flow in low density foam

A multiphase mixture model is applied to describe shocked-induced flow in deformable low-density foam. This model includes interphase drag and heat transfer and all phases are treated as compressible. Volume fraction is represented as an independent kinematic variable and the entropy inequality suggests a thermodynamically-admissable evolutionary equation to describe rate-dependent compaction. This multiphase model has been applied to shock tube experiments conducted by B. W. Skews and colleagu… more

Date: May 1, 1993

Creator: Baer, M. R.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Low density, microcellular, dopable, agar/gelatin foams for pulsed power experiments

Low-density, microcellular foams prepared from the natural polymers agar and gelatin have been developed for pulsed-power physics experiments. Numerous experiments were supported with foams having densities at or below 10 mg/cm{sup 3}. For some of the experiments, the agar/gelatin foam was uniformly doped with metallic elements using soluble salts. Depending on the method of preparation, cell sizes were typically below 10 microns and for one process were below 1.0 micron.

Date: April 1997

Creator: McNamara, W. F. & Aubert, J. H.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Continuum representations of cellular solids

Cellular materials consist of interconnected struts or plates which form cells. The struts or plates are constructed from a variety of metals, polymers, ceramics and wood products. Cellular materials are often used in impact limiters for shipping containers to protect the contents from accidental impact events. These materials exhibit a variety of complex behavior when subjected to crushing loads. This research focuses on the development of continuum representations of cellular solids that can … more

Date: September 1, 1993

Creator: Neilsen, M. K.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Polyurethane foam mock engine blocks. Final report/project accomplishments summary

P-Ayr Products identified a market need for lightweight mock engines which could be used in automotive displays and fit checks where an actual engine would result in greater cost or safety risk from the weight. However, it was experiencing inconsistency in their ability to produce acceptable product. The objective of this CRADA was to develop a foam system and foam processing which would consistently produce acceptable product. To this end, P-Ayr Products supplied the Department of Energy`s Kan… more

Date: May 1, 1997

Creator: Lenox, G.R.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Rigid polyurethane foam (RPF) technology for Countermine (Sea) Program -- Phase 1

This Phase 1 report documents the results of one of the subtasks that was initiated under the joint Department of Energy (DOE)/Department of Defense (DoD) Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) for Countermine Warfare. The development of a foam that can neutralize mines and barriers and allow the safe passage of amphibious landing craft and vehicles was the objective of this subtask of the Sea Mine Countermeasures Technology program. This phase of the program concentrated on laboratory characterizat… more

Date: January 1, 1997

Creator: Woodfin, R.L.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Production of low-density poly (4-methyl-1-pentene) foam via phase inversion from binary solvent/nonsovent systems

Phase inversion from durene/naphthalene, durene/tmpdo, and durene/hexadecanol binary solvent/nonsolvent systems produced well interconnected, radiographically homogeneous, open-celled poly (4- methyl-1-pentene) or pmp foams. These foams ranged in density from 5 to 50 mg/cm{sup 2}. Foam homogeneity and casting efficiency were dependent on casting scheme, durene quality, solvent-to-nonsolvent ratio, and quench temperature. Foam density tracked linearly with dissolved-polymer content. Homogeneous,… more

Date: November 1, 1991

Creator: Simandl, R. F.; Robinson, D. N.; Bolinger, W. L. & Davis, W. E.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Bioremediation of aqueous pollutants using biomass embedded in hydrophilic foam. Final report

The major objective of this project was to examine the potential of a novel hydrophilic polyurethane foam as an immobilization medium for algal, bacteria, and other types of biomass, and to test the resulting foam/biomass aggregates for their use in cleaning up waters contaminated with heavy metals, radionuclides and toxic organic compounds. Initial investigations focused on the bioremoval of heavy metals from wastewaters at SRS using immobilized algal biomass. This effort met with limited succ… more

Date: December 31, 1996

Creator: Wilde, E. W.; Radway, J. C.; Santo Domingo, J.; Zingmark, R. G. & Whitaker, M. J.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Polyurethane foam cable bundle block

Blocking the flow of radioactive gas in the emplacement hole requires attention to three items: stemming materials, cables, and spaces between the cables. This paper deals with an improvement in the latter; that is, filling the spaces between the cables and, thus, forming a bundle block. We have tested a two-part polyurethane foam in the field with apparent success. Field tests included recovery of sample cable bundles from a nuclear test in a tunnel. The foam creates a bundle block that surviv… more

Date: October 29, 1993

Creator: Mercier, J. A.; Cornell, R. H.; Pratuch, S. M. & Lundberg, A.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Chemicals: Plastic Foam and Film Recovery through Thermal Densification

A new energy- and cost-efficient process has been developed to recycle thermoplastic foams and films. Order the fact sheet to read about this exciting new technology.

Date: January 29, 1999

Creator: Blazek, S.

Item Type: Book

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

A study of polyether-polyol- and polyester-polyol-based rigid urethane foam systems

For the past 10 years polyurethane polymers have been one of the fastest growing segments of the plastics industry. Over 900 million pounds of polyurethanes were used in 1970. Approximately 30% of this amount was consumed in the form of rigid urethane foam products. This study undertakes a comparison of the properties of rigid urethane foams based on both a polyester polyol and polyether polyol of the same hydroxyl number prepared from alpha methylglucoside. This comparison of ester and ether p… more

Date: September 1, 1971

Creator: Madden, J. P.; Baker, G. K. & Smith, C. H.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

21PF overpacks: Phenolic-foam induced corrosion

The 21PF overpack was developed in the 1960s and approved for use in the 1970s by the US Department of Transportation (DOT). This package, used for the transport of uranium hexafluoride enriched >1%, has had a history of severe metal corrosion, water ingress, and subsequent leakage. Problems associated with corrosion and water leaking from 21PF overpacks caused the DOT to seek public comments and to undertake rulemaking action. As a result, the DOT required modifications and refurbishment of ex… more

Date: September 1, 1994

Creator: Kovac, F. M.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Stress relaxation of cellular silicone material: 1984

The long-term (10 years) stress relaxation properties of cellular silicone materials at room temperature are under evaluation. Both equilibrium (random copolymer) and condensation- (block copolymer) type base polymers are included. The equilibrium-type material used urea as the leachable filler, and the condensation-type material used ammonium chloride. Each material was compounded to yield densities of 0.34 and 0.52 g/cm/sup 3/ for thicknesses of 1.17, 1.52, and 2.54 mm. These density-thicknes… more

Date: March 1, 1986

Creator: Schneider, J. W.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Preparation of multishell ICF target plastic-foam cushion materials by thermally induced phase-inversion processes

Homogenous, low-density plastic foams for ICF targets have been prepared by thermally induced phase inversion processes. Uniform, open cell foams have been obtained by the rapid freezing of water solutions of modified cellulose polymers with densities in the range of 5 mg/cm/sup 3/ to 0.7 mg/cm/sup 3/ and respective average cell sizes of 2 to 40 micrometers. In addition, low-density, microcellular foams have been prepared from the hydrocarbon polymer poly(4-methyl-l-pentene) via a similar phase… more

Date: January 1, 1981

Creator: Young, A. T.; Moreno, D. K. & Marsters, R. G.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Acid Solution Absorption of Extruded Polyethylene Foam (U)

Water and acid absorption tests of samples of a proposed replacement to current polyethylene foam used as fill material on the FB-Line cation columns have been completed. Water and nitric acid solution absorption of up to 4 volume percent was observed over approximately a 4 month period of time. Because of the nuclear safety implications, liquid absorption of a replacement fill material must be low. EthafoaM{trademark} 220 extruded polyethylene, a product available from Dow Chemical Company app… more

Date: January 6, 1993

Creator: Kyser, E. A.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

The mechanical behavior of microcellular foams

The mechanical behavior of microcellular open-cell foams prepared by a thermally induced phase separation process are investigated. The foams studied were prepared from isotactic polystyrene, polyacrylonitrile, and poly(4-methyl-1-pentene) (rigid foams), and polyurethane and Lycra (elastomeric foams). Their densities were in the range 0.04--0.27 g/cm3. Conventional polystyrene foams were used for comparison. The moduli and collapse stresses of these foams were measured in compression and compar… more

Date: January 1, 1990

Creator: Ozkul, M.H.; Mark, J.E. (Cincinnati Univ., OH (USA)) & Aubert, J.H. (Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, NM (USA))

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Field study of moisture damage in walls insulated without a vapor barrier. Final report for the Oregon Department of Energy

Considerable uncertainty has existed over whether or not wall insulation installed without a vapor barrier causes an increased risk of moisture damage (wood decay) within walls. This report describes the results of one of the first major studies in the country aimed at finding out if such a moisture problem really exists. The exterior walls of a total of 96 homes in Portland, Oregon were opened, of which 70 had retrofitted insulation and 26 were uninsulated and were a control group. The types o… more

Date: May 1, 1980

Creator: Tsongas, G.A.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Density measurements of curved foam parts using radiographic-film technique

A study to determine the feasibility of using film-density measurements from in-motion radiographic images to determine the density of curved parts having a nonuniform thickness indicates a measurement-accuracy range from 5 to 11%. Development of the fixturing and use of calibration standards are described. Using digitally controlled, regulated power supplies and fixed-geometry fixturing, part density could be determined to an estimated accuracy of 5% or better.

Date: October 1, 1978

Creator: Bowden, W.J.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Microcellular foams prepared from demixed polymer solutions

Low-density, microcellular polymer foams have numerous applications as structural supports in high-energy physics experiments, in catalysis, ion exchange, and filtration, and for a variety of biomedical uses. A versatile method to prepare such foams is by thermally-induced phase separation (TIPS) of polymer solutions. Demixed solutions can be transformed into a foam by freezing the demixed solution and removing the solvent by freeze-drying. The morphology of these foams is determined by the the… more

Date: January 1, 1990

Creator: Aubert, J.H.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

LLE Review, Quarterly Report: Volume 56, July-September 1993

This volume of the LLE Review, covering the period July--September 1993, contains articles on self-focusing of broad-bandwidth laser light with angular dispersion, laser patterning of thin-film circuits, and construction of foam-shell fusion targets. Reports on the detailed designs of major subsystems of the OMEGA Upgrade and on the continuing activation of the upgraded Glass Development Laser system are summarized. Descriptions of research proposals for NLUF are also included in this issue. Hi… more

Date: December 31, 1993

Creator: Hutchison, R. J.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Thermal-insulation panels for mobile homes. Final program progress report

The manufacture and installation of the roof panels was accomplished by the Dixie Fiberglass Products (DFP) plant which is located in Winter Garden, Florida. Panels were removed and retained by DFP at the conclusion of the test sequence. Florida Solar Energy Center conducted the test necessary to investigate the effect of a fiberglass skin and polyurethane foam insulation roof panel installation on the cooling loss of a ten-foot wide mobile home structure. Temperature and heat-flow data with a … more

Date: unknown

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department