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in subjects: "Nuclear Materials Management"

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Evaluating late detection capability against diverse insider adversaries

This paper describes a model for evaluating the late (after-the-fact) detection capability of material control and accountability (MCandA) systems against insider theft or diversion of special nuclear material. Potential insider cover-up strategies to defeat activities providing detection (e.g., inventories) are addressed by the model in a tractable manner. For each potential adversary and detection activity, two probabilities are assessed and used to fit the model. The model then computes the … more

Date: December 3, 1987

Creator: Sicherman, A.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Safeguards Material Control and Accounting Program. Quarterly report, April-June 1980

This report summarizes the April-June 1980 activities of the Safeguards Material and Accounting Program sponsored by the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Progress is described on the application and further development of computer-based methodologies for assessing the vulnerabilities of MC and A systems in nuclear fuel-cycle facilities. The application effort involved an assessment of a scrap processing facility with the Structured Assessment… more

Date: December 1, 1980

Creator: Poggio, A. J. & Dunn, D. R.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Preliminary concepts for materials measurement and accounting in critical facilities

Preliminary concepts are presented for improved materials measurement and accounting in large critical facilities. These concepts will be developed as part of a study that will emphasize international safeguarding of critical facilities. The major safeguards problem is the timely verification of in-reactor inventory during periods of reactor operation. This will require a combination of measurement, statistical sampling, and data analysis techniques. Promising techniques include integral measur… more

Date: January 1, 1978

Creator: Cobb, D.D. & Sapir, J.L.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Semi-annual report on strategic special nuclear material inventory differences

This periodic report of Inventory Differences covers the period October 1, 1976, through March 31, 1977 for Department of Energy (DOE) and DOE contractor facilities possessing significant quantities of Strategic Special Nuclear Material (SSNM). Included in this report are the low enriched uranium inventory differences for DOE's gaseous diffusion plant cascades. (LK)

Date: January 1, 1978

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Technical Division quarterly progress report, October 1--December 31, 1977. [Fuel cycle research and development; special materials production]

Results are presented on the fluidized-bed calcination of simulated radioactive waste from the reprocessing of spent commercial nuclear fuel and on the removal of actinide elements from the waste prior to calcination. Other programs include the development of storage technology for /sup 85/Kr waste; and the behavior of volatile radionuclides during the combustion of HTGR graphite-based fuel. The long-term management of defense waste from the ICPP covers post-calcination treatment of ICPP calcin… more

Date: February 1, 1978

Creator: Slansky, C.M. (ed.)

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Standards for holdup measurement

Holdup measurement, needed for material balance, depend intensively on standards and on interpretation of the calibration procedure. More than other measurements, the calibration procedure using the standard becomes part of the standard. Standards practical for field use and calibration techniques have been developed. While accuracy in holdup measurements is comparatively poor, avoidance of bias is a necessary goal.

Date: January 1, 1982

Creator: Zucker, M.S.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Experimental evaluation of the differential die-away pulsed-neutron technique for the fissile assay of hot irradiated fuel waste

Hot irradiated fuel waste packages containing self neutron sources up to 10/sup 7/ n/s may be assayed successfully with a 25-mg /sup 239/Pu detection sensitivity using a differential die-away fissile assay system based on a Sandia-designed 14-MeV neutron generator. With a minor design change, our system can accommodate contact gamma dose rates up to 10/sup 4/ R/h with no loss of fissile assay sensitivity.

Date: January 1, 1982

Creator: Caldwell, J.T. & Kunz, W.E.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Nuclear proliferation and civilian nuclear power. Report of the Nonproliferation Alternative Systems Assessment Program. Volume IV. Commercial potential

This volume of the Nonproliferation Alternative Systems Assessment Program (NASAP) report provides time and cost estimates for positioning new nuclear power systems for commercial deployment. The assessment also estimates the rates at which the new systems might penetrate the domestic market, assuming the continuing viability of the massive light-water reactor network that now exists worldwide. This assessment does not recommend specific, detailed program plans and budgets for individual system… more

Date: June 1, 1980

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Nuclear proliferation and civilian nuclear power. Report of the Nonproliferation Alternative Systems Assessment Program. Volume III. Resources and fuel cycle facilities

The ability of uranium supply and the rest of the nuclear fuel cycle to meet the demand for nuclear power is an important consideration in future domestic and international planning. Accordingly, the purpose of this assessment is to evaluate the adequacy of potential supply for various nuclear resources and fuel cycle facilities in the United States and in the world outside centrally planned economy areas (WOCA). Although major emphasis was placed on uranium supply and demand, material resource… more

Date: June 1, 1980

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Nuclear safeguards applications of energy-dispersive absorption edge densitometry

The principles and techniques of absorption edge densitometry in the energy-dispersive mode are summarized as they apply to the nondestructive assay of special nuclear materials. Five existing field instruments, designed for special nuclear materials accounting measurements, are described. Results of the testing of these instruments as well as recent laboratory results are used to define the capabilities of the technique for special nuclear materials accounting. Possibilities for future applica… more

Date: January 1, 1980

Creator: Russo, P. A.; Hsue, S. T.; Langner, D. G. & Sprinkle, J. K., Jr.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Nuclear proliferation and civilian nuclear power. Report of the Nonproliferation Alternative Systems Assessment Program. Volume I. Program summary

This report summarizes the Nonproliferation Alternative Systems Assessment Program (NASAP): its background, its studies, and its results. The introductory chapter traces the growth of the issue of nuclear weapons proliferation and the organization and objectives of NASAP. Chapter 2 summarizes the program's assessments, findings, and recommendations. Each of Volumes II-VII reports on an individual assessment (Volumn II: Proliferation Resistance; Volume III: Resources and Fuel Cycle Facilities; V… more

Date: June 1, 1980

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Nuclear proliferation and civilian nuclear power. Report of the Nonproliferation Alternative Systems Assessment Program. Volume V. Economics and systems analysis

This NASAP assessment considers the economics of alternative nuclear reactor and fuel-cycle systems in the light of possible patterns of uranium supply and energy demand, as well as the economic implications of improvng the proliferation resistance of the various systems. The assessment focuses on the costs of alternative nuclear technologies and the possible timing of their implementation, based on their economic attractiveness.

Date: June 1, 1980

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Statistical problems arising from simulation of a high-throughput nuclear facility

Shortages in traditional energy sources, such as oil and natural gas, have placed greater emphasis on alternative fuel sources. With an already developed technological base and cost history, nuclear power is an attractive option. However, the public's attitude toward recent terrorism has generated strong demands for improved safeguards measures to deter, detect, and protect against diversion of special nuclear material (SNM). To encourage improved safeguards accountability, the Nuclear Regulato… more

Date: January 1, 1977

Creator: Seabaugh, P. W.; Rogers, D. R.; Woltermann, H. A.; Fushimi, F. C. & Ciramella, A. F.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Mass-spectrometric measurements for nuclear safeguards

The need of an on-site inspection device to provide isotopic ratio measurements led to the development of a quadrupole mass spectrometer mounted in a van. This mobile laboratory has the ability, through the use of the resin bead technique, to acquire, prepare, and analyze samples of interest to nuclear safeguards. Precision of the measurements is about 1 to 2%.

Date: January 1, 1982

Creator: Carter, J. A.; Smith, D. H. & Walker, R. L.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Experimental /sup 233/U nondestructive assay with a random driver

Nondestructive assay (NDA) of /sup 233/U in quantities up to 15 grams containing 7 ppM /sup 232/U age 2 years was investigated with a random driver. A passive singles counting technique showed a reproducibility within 0.2% at the 95% confidence level. This technique would be applicable throughout a process in which all of the /sup 233/U had the same /sup 232/U content at the same age. Where the /sup 232/U content varies, determination of /sup 233/U fissile content would require active NDA. Acti… more

Date: January 1, 1979

Creator: Goris, P.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Applications of Kalman Filtering to nuclear material control. [Kalman filtering and linear smoothing for detecting nuclear material losses]

The feasibility of using modern state estimation techniques (specifically Kalman Filtering and Linear Smoothing) to detect losses of material from material balance areas is evaluated. It is shown that state estimation techniques are not only feasible but in most situations are superior to existing methods of analysis. The various techniques compared include Kalman Filtering, linear smoothing, standard control charts, and average cumulative summation (CUSUM) charts. Analysis results indicated th… more

Date: October 1, 1977

Creator: Pike, D.H.; Morrison, G.W. & Westley, G.W.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Analysis of the role of an interfacility SNM accounting system

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) undertook the task of analyzing the actual and potential value of an interfacility NRC material accounting system in deterring and detecting both material diversion and facility material accounting data falsification. The most important conclusion is that only relatively minor changes are needed to upgrade the current NRC interfacility reporting system. The emphasis of the task was on evaluating the usefulness of an NRC-monitored material accounting… more

Date: February 22, 1982

Creator: McDonnel, J. L.; Chilton, P. D.; Kufahl, G. E.; Vergari, A. A. & Dunn, D. R.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Reusable tamper-indicating security seal. [Patent Application]

The invention teaches means for detecting unauthorized tampering or substitutions of a device, and has particular utility when applied on a seal device used to secure a location or thing. The seal has a transparent body wall, and a first indicia, viz., a label identification is formed on the inside surface of this wall. Second and third indicia are formed on the outside surface of the transparent wall, and each of these indicia is transparent to allow the parallax angled viewing of the first in… more

Date: June 23, 1981

Creator: Ryan, M. J.

Item Type: Patent

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Evaluation of process inventory uncertainties

This paper discusses the determination of some of the process inventory uncertainties in the Fast Flux Test Facility (FFTF) process line at the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory (LASL) Plutonium Processing Facility (TA-55). A brief description of the FFTF process is given, along with a more detailed look at the peroxide precipitation and re-dissolution (PR) process. Emphasis is placed on the identification of the product and sidestreams from the unit processes, as they have application to the ac… more

Date: January 1, 1980

Creator: Roberts, N.J.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Physical security workshop summary: entry control

Entry control hardware has been used extensively in the past to assist security forces in separating the authorized from the unauthorized at the plant perimeter. As more attention is being focused on the insider threat, these entry control elements are being used to extend the security inspectors' presence into the plant by compartmentalizing access and monitoring vital components. This paper summarizes the experiences expressed by the participants at the March 16 to 19, 1982 INMM Physical Prot… more

Date: January 1, 1982

Creator: Eaton, M.J.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

A generic, computerized nuclear materials accountability system (NucMAS) and its layered products

NucMAS provides a material balance area with a computerized data management system for nuclear materials accountability. NucMAS is a generic application. It handles the data management and reporting functions for different processing facilities by storing all process-specific information as data rather than procedure. A NucMAS application is configured for each facility it supports. NucMAS and its layered products are compatible with three types of data clients. Core NucMAS has a screen-oriente… more

Date: January 1, 1989

Creator: Davis, Jr, J M

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Nuclear proliferation and civilian nuclear power. Report of the Nonproliferation Alternative Systems Assessment Program. Volume II. Proliferation resistance

The purpose of this volume is limited to an assessment of the relative effects that particular choices of nuclear-power systems, for whatever reasons, may have on the possible spread of nuclear-weapons capabilities. This volume addresses the concern that non-nuclear-weapons states may be able to initiate efforts to acquire or to improve nuclear-weapons capabilities through civilian nuclear-power programs; it also addresses the concern that subnational groups may obtain and abuse the nuclear mat… more

Date: June 1, 1980

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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DOE research and development report. Progress report, October 1980-September 1981

The DOE New Brunswick Laboratory (NBL) is the US Government's Nuclear Materials Standards and Measurement Laboratory. NBL is assigned the mission to provide and maintain, as an essential part of federal statutory responsibilities related to national and international safeguards of nuclear materials for USA defense and energy programs, an ongoing capability for: the development, preparation, certification, and distribution of reference materials for the calibration and standardization of nu… more

Date: March 1, 1982

Creator: Bingham, Carleton D.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Variance propagation using the VP Code

The VP (Variance Propagation) Code has been developed at Los Alamos in the Safeguards Systems Group to provide offline variance propagation and systems analysis for nuclear material processing facilities. VP provides a flexible, menu-driven user interface. Outputs from the code are in the form of tables and graphs. The code runs on IBM PC or compatible computers. 7 figs.

Date: January 1, 1991

Creator: Kern, E.A.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department