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in subjects: "Marine Disposal"

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Thermal convection at low Rayleigh number from concentrated sources in porous media

A simple mathematical theory is proposed for the analysis of natural convective motion, at low Rayleigh number, from a concentrated source of heat in a fluid-saturated porous medium. The theory consists of retaining only the leading terms of series expansions of the dependent variables in terms of the Rayleigh number, is thus linear, and is valid only in the limit of small Rayleigh number. Based on fundamental results for a variety of isolated sources, superposition is used to provide solutions… more

Date: January 1, 1980

Creator: Hickox, C. E.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Subseabed Radioactive Waste Disposal Feasibility Program: ocean engineering challenges for the 80's

The objective of the Subseabed Disposal Program is to assess the feasibility of disposing of high-level radioactive wastes or spent fuel in suitable geologic formations beneath the deep ocean floor. The program is entering a phase which will address engineering feasibility. While the current phase of the program to determine the scientific and environmental feasibility of the concept is not yet complete, activities to assess the engineering aspects are being initiated in parallel to facilitate … more

Date: January 1, 1980

Creator: Talbert, D. M.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Offshore oceanographic and environmental monitoring services for the Strategic Petroleum Reserve. Volume I. Appendices. Annual report for the Bryan Mound Site, September 1982-August 1983

The Department of Energy's Strategic Petroleum Reserve Program began leaching the Bryan Mound salt dome and discharging brine into the coastal waters offshore of Freeport, Texas on March 10, 1980. This report describes the findings of a team of Texas A and M University scientists and engineers who have conducted a study to evaluate the effects of the Bryan Mound brine discharge on the marine environment. The study addresses the areas of physical oceanography, analysis of the discharge plum… more

Date: March 1984

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Geotechnical Properties of Sediments From North Pacific and Northern Bermuda Rise

Studies of geotechnical properties for the Sub-seabed Disposal Program have been oriented toward sediment characterization related to effectiveness as a containment media and determination of detailed engineering behavior. Consolidation tests of the deeper samples in the North Pacific clays indicate that the sediment column is normally consolidated. The in-situ coefficient of permeability (k) within the cored depth of 25 meters is relatively constant at 10/sup -7/ cm/sec. Consolidated undrained… more

Date: January 1, 1980

Creator: Silva, A. J.; Laine, E. P.; Lipkin, J.; Heath, G. R. & Akers, S. A.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Mid-Plate, Mid-Gyre Seabed Assessment Program for Nuclear Waste Disposal. Final Report

Status of the following tasks is reported: acoustic experiments for lateral and vertical consistency determinations; design, fabricate, and interface core launch and recovery system for C. S. LONG LINES; field test Giant Piston Core (GPC) on Bermuda Rise with LONG LINES, summer of 1976; GPC cruise to MPG-1 in October 1976; core sample analysis and data synthesis for vertical consistency; and acoustic mapping of MPG-1 for horizontal consistency. (LK)

Date: January 1, 1976

Creator: Hollister, C. D.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Systems analysis approach to the disposal of high-level waste in deep ocean sediments

Among the different options being studied for disposal of high-level solidified waste, increasing attention is being paid to that of emplacement of glasses incorporating the radioactivity in deep oceanic sediments. This option has the advantage that the areas of the oceans under investigation appear to be relatively unproductive biologically, are relatively free from cataclysmic events, and are areas in which the natural processes are slow. Thus the environment is stable and predictable so that… more

Date: January 1, 1980

Creator: de Marsily, G.; Hill, M. D.; Murray, C. N.; Talbert, D. M.; Van Dorp, F. & Webb, G. A.M.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Selected, annotated bibliography of studies relevant to the isolation of nuclear wastes. [705 references]

This annotated bibliography of 705 references represents the first in a series to be published by the Ecological Sciences Information Center containing scientific, technical, economic, and regulatory information relevant to nuclear waste isolation. Most references discuss deep geologic disposal, with fewer studies of deep seabed disposal; space disposal is also included. The publication covers both domestic and foreign literature for the period 1954 to 1980. Major chapters selected are Chemical… more

Date: September 1, 1980

Creator: Hyder, L.K.; Fore, C.S.; Vaughan, N.D. & Faust, R.A.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Biological ramifications of the subseabed disposal of high-level nuclear waste

The primary goal of the US Subseabed Disposal Program (SDP) is to assess the technical and environmental feasibility of disposing of high-level nuclear waste in deep-sea sediments. The subseabed biology program is charged with assessing possible ecosystem effects of radionuclides as well as possible health effects to man from radionuclides which may be released in the deep sea and transported to the ocean surface. Current biological investigations are attempting to determine benthic community s… more

Date: May 1, 1980

Creator: Gomez, L. S.; Hessler, R. R.; Jackson, D. W.; Marietta, M. G.; Smith, Jr., K. L.; Talbert, D. M. et al.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Creep of ocean sediments resulting from the isolation of radioactive wastes

Predictive models for the creep of deep ocean sediments resulting from the disposal of radioactive wastes are presented and preliminary observations of a program for evaluation of creep constitutive equation parameters are discussed. The models are used to provide calculated response of sediments under waste disposal conditions.

Date: January 1, 1980

Creator: Dawson, P.R.; Chavez, P.F.; Lipkin, J. & Silva, A.J.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Thermal, chemical, and mass-transport processes induced in abyssal sediments by the emplacement of nuclear waste: experimental and modeling results

This paper discusses heat and mass transport studies of marine red clay sediments being considered as a nuclear waste isolation medium. Numerical models indicate that for a maximum allowable sediment/canister interface temperature of 200 to 250/sup 0/C, the sediment can absorb about 1.5 kW initial power from waste in a 3 m long by 0.3 m dia canister buried 30 m in the sediment. Fluid displacement due to convection is found to be less than 1 m. Laboratory studies of the geochemical effects induc… more

Date: January 1, 1980

Creator: McVey, D.F.; Erickson, K.L. & Seyfried, W.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Radioactivity in the ocean: laws and biological effects

This paper summarizes the literature on US laws and international agreements, experimental and monitoring data, and ongoing studies to provide background information for environmental assessment and regulatory compliance activities for ocean dumping of low-level radioactive waste. The Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act is the major US legislation governing ocean disposal of radioactive waste. The major international agreement on ocean dumping is the Convention on the Prevention of… more

Date: January 1, 1985

Creator: Hunsaker, C.T.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Application of thermal conduction models to deepsea disposal of radioacitve wastes

Thermal problems associated with the emplacement of radio-active wastes in the deepsea sedimentary layer have been studied. In particular, the nature of the temperature field surrounding and the interstitial water velocity arising from a buried cask have been examined. Worst case estimates indicate that the velocity will be extremely weak and thus not likely to provide a primary transport mechanism for the radioactive material. This statement will, of course, only apply for moderately low level… more

Date: March 1, 1978

Creator: Schimmel, W.P. Jr. & Hickox, C.E.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Some aspects of low-level radioactive-waste disposal in the US

This report summarizes the NRC supported Shallow Land Burial research program at Brookhaven National Laboraotry and its relationship to the proposed revised ruling on disposal of low level radioactive waste, 10 CFR Part 61. Section of the proposed regulation, which establish the new low level waste classification system and the performance objective placed on waste form, are described briefly. The report also summarizes the preliminary results obtained from the EPA program in which low level wa… more

Date: January 1, 1982

Creator: Schweitzer, D.G. & Davis, R.E.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Analysis of heat and mass transfer in sub-seabed disposal of nuclear waste

A mathematical basis is developed for the prediction of thermal and radionuclide transport in marine sediments. The theory is applied to the study of radioactive waste disposal by emplacement, in specially designed containers, well below the sediment/water interface. Numerical results are obtained for a specified model problem through use of two computer programs designed primarily for the analysis of waste disposal problems. One program (MARIAH) provides descriptions of the temperature and vel… more

Date: January 1, 1980

Creator: Hickox, C. E.; Gartling, D. K.; McVey, D. F.; Russo, A. J. & Nuttall, H. E.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Environmental studies data base: development and data synthesis activities of the US Subseabed Disposal Program

The US Subseabed Disposal Program is assessing the scientific feasibility of subseabed emplacement of high-level nuclear wastes. Studies of disposal methods and of the barriers to radionuclide migration (canister, waste form and sediment) suggest that environmental information will be needed to address the impact of accidental release of radionuclides in the deep sea. Biological, physical, and geochemical data are being collected from field and laboratory studies as well as from literature sear… more

Date: January 1, 1980

Creator: Gomez, L. S.; Hesssler, R. R.; Jackson, D. W.; Marietta, M. G.; Smith, Jr., K. L. & Yayanos, A. A.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Coal as an option for power generation in US territories of the Pacific

A survey of general considerations relating to the use of coal in US territories and trust territories of the Pacific suggests that coal is a viable option for power generation. Future coal supplies, principally from Australia and the west coast of America, promise to be more than adequate, but large bulk carriers will probably not be able to land coal directly because of inadequate port facilities. Hence, smaller than Panamax-class vessels (60,000 dwt) or some arrangement utilizing self-loadin… more

Date: November 30, 1981

Creator: Borg, I. Y.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Finite element analysis of thermal convection in deep ocean sediments

Of obvious importance to the study and engineering of a seabed disposal is the determination of the temperature and fluid flow fields existing in the sediment layer and the perturbation of these fields due to the implantation of localized heat sources. The fluid mechanical and heat transfer process occurring in oceanic sediments may be characterized as free (or natural) convection in a porous material. In the case of an undisturbed sediment layer, the driving force for the natural circulation o… more

Date: January 1, 1980

Creator: Gartling, D. K.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Measurement of penetration depths of plutonium and americium in sediment from the ocean floor

The clay-like sediment covering the ocean floor constitutes the last barrier that shields the biosphere from contamination by radionuclides stemming from the nuclear wastes of a subseabed repository. In the event of a failure of the engineered barriers the mobility of the released radionuclides in the sediment determines the rate and the extent of entry into the water of the ocean. The initial results of measurements designed to determine the mobility of transuranium elements in sediment from t… more

Date: January 1, 1979

Creator: Fried, S.; Friedman, A.; Hines, J.; Sjoblom, R.; Schmitz, G. & Schreiner, F.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Proceedings of the 1981 subseabed disposal program. Annual workshop

The 1981 Annual Workshop was the twelfth meeting of the principal investigators and program management personnel participating in the Subseabed Disposal Program (SDP). The first workshop was held in June 1973, to address the development of a program (initially known as Ocean Basin Floors Program) to assess the deep sea disposal of nuclear wastes. Workshops were held semi-annually until late 1977. Since November 1977, the workshops have been conducted following the end of each fiscal year so tha… more

Date: January 1, 1982

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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National long-term high-level waste-technology program

The national program for long-term management of high-level waste (HLW) from nuclear fuels reprocessing is discussed. This covers only DOE defense wastes. Current emphasis is on solidification of waste into a form that, along with additional barriers, may be permanently stored in a repository. An integrated national plan incorporates all the elements of such an overall HLW disposal system. Interim storage is in near-surface tanks at the Hanford and Savannah River sites. At the Idaho site, waste… more

Date: January 1, 1981

Creator: Gray, P L

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Dungeness crab survey for the Southwest Ocean Disposal Site off Grays Harbor, Washington, June 1990

As part of the Grays Harbor Navigation Improvement Project, the Seattle District of the US Army Corps of Engineers has begun active use of the Southwest Ocean Disposal Site off Grays Harbor, Washington. This survey was to verify that the location of the area of high crab density observed during site selection surveys has not shifted into the Southeast Ocean Disposal Site. In June 1990, mean densities of juvenile Dungeness crab were 146 crab/ha within the disposal site and 609 crab/ha outside ad… more

Date: September 1, 1991

Creator: Higgins, B.J. & Pearson, W.H. (Battelle/Marine Sciences Lab., Sequim, WA (United States))

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Near-field interactions

To approach the subject of high level nuclear waste disposal in deep ocean sediments it is convenient to differentiate between processes occurring in a near field environment, that region arbitrarily defined as lying between the canister surface and the maximum extent of the 100/sup 0/C isotherm, and those which occur at lower temperatures and beyond the influence of intense radiation. A variety of considerations related to the chemistry of seawater-sediment mixtures suggests that about 200/sup… more

Date: February 1, 1979

Creator: Krumhansl, J.L. & McVey, D.F.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Biological studies of the US Subseabed Disposal Program

The Subseabed Disposal Program (SDP) of the US is assessing the feasibility of emplacing high level radioactive wastes (HLW) within deep-sea sediments and is developing the means for assessing the feasibility of the disposal practices of other nations. This paper discusses the role and status of biological research in the SDP. Studies of the disposal methods and of the conceived barriers (canister, waste form and sediment) suggest that biological knowledge will be principally needed to address … more

Date: February 1, 1980

Creator: Gomez, L. S.; Hessler, R. R.; Jackson, D. W.; Marietta, M. G.; Smith, Jr., K. L.; Talbert, D. M. et al.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Bibliography of marine radiation ecology prepared for the Seabed Program

References on the effects of ionizing radiation on aquatic organisms have been obtained from a number of sources. Many were obtained from reviews and other publications. Although the primary purpose of preparing this bibliography was to obtain information related to the nuclear wastes Seabed Disposal Biology Program of Sandia Laboratories, freshwater organisms are included as a matter of convenience and also with the belief that such a bibliography would be of interest to a wider audience than … more

Date: February 1, 1980

Creator: Schultz, V.S.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department