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Synthesis and reactivity of ultra-fine coal liquefaction catalysts

Description: The Pacific Northwest Laboratory is currently developing ultra-fine iron-based coal liquefaction catalysts using two new particle production technologies: (1) modified reverse micelles (MRM) and (2) rapid thermal decomposition of solutes (RTDS). These methodologies have been shown to allow control over both particle size (from 1 nm to 60 nm) and composition when used to produce ultra-fine iron-based materials. Powders produced using these methods are found to be selective catalysts for carbon-c… more
Date: October 1, 1992
Creator: Linehan, J. C.; Matson, D. W.; Fulton, J. L.; Bean, R. M. & Darab, J. G.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Changes in Organic Sulfur Compounds in Coal Macerals During Liquefaction

Description: Several general trends were observed in reactivity patterns of sulfur compounds in macerals. Sulfur is reduced in the asphaltene fraction compared to initial maceral. Aliphatics are removed and polycyclic aromatic compounds are both stable and probably formed under these conditions. Molecules containing two sulfur atoms are formed. The preasphaltenes are now being analyzed by DEIHRMS.
Date: February 1, 1994
Creator: Winans, R. E.; Joseph, J. T. & Fisher, R. B.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Lignin-assisted coal depolymerization. [Final] technical report, September 1, 1991--August 31, 1992

Description: Liquefaction of an Illinois bituminous and a caustic lignin was studied in an initial hydrogen pressure of 140 psig. Experiments were conducted in the temperature range of 325-375{degree}C in tetralin. The addition of lignin to coal was found to be synergistic in that it significantly improves the quality and yield of the liquid products obtained. Kinetic data for coal conversion enhancement due to lignin addition were obtained. A mathematical model describing the reaction chemistry, using lign… more
Date: December 31, 1992
Creator: Lalvani, S. B.; Muchmore, C. B.; Koropchak, J. A. & Kim, Jong Won
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Process and analytical studies of enhanced low severity co-processing using selective coal pretreatment. Quarterly technical progress report, June--August 1991

Description: This report describes progress on research during the 12th and final quarter of this contract dealing with applications of coal pretreatment techniques in coal/oil co-processing and direct hydroliquefaction. The overall objectives of the project are to investigate various coal pretreatment techniques and to determine the effect of these pretreatment procedures on the reactivity of the coal. Reactivity enhancement will be evaluated under both direct hydroliquefaction and co-processing conditions… more
Date: 1991-09~
Creator: Baldwin, R. M.; Gaur, S. & Miller, R. L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Fundamental Studies of Water Pretreatment of Coal. Seventh Quarterly Report, April 1, 1991--June 30, 1991

Description: During the seventh quarter, water pretreatment experiments were done at lower pressures (1000 psig), with early H{sub 2}O injection or continuous H{sub 2}O injection, and with demineralized coals. In addition, a set of blank experiments was done with all four coals in helium at the following conditions: 350{degrees}C; 4000 psig; 20 minutes. An additional experiment was done with the Zap lignite at atmospheric pressure. Helium was used instead of nitrogen since it can be obtained in highly pure … more
Date: October 25, 1991
Creator: Serio, M. A.; Solomon, P. R.; Kroo, E.; Charpenay, S. & Bassilakis, R.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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An investigation of the role of water on retrograde/condensation reactions and enhanced liquefaction yields. Quarterly progress report, July 1, 1992--September 30, 1992

Description: Changes in coal structure that occur during coal drying and steam pretreatments will be measured in order to determine what effect water has on retrograde/condensation reactions, and to determine how water enhances coal reactivity toward liquefaction. Coal drying experiments were begun using thermal, microwave, and chemical methods; NMR data were collected. A stirred microautoclave reactor system was acquired.
Date: October 1, 1992
Creator: Miknis, F. P.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Lignin-assisted coal depolymerization. Technical report, September 1, 1991--November 30, 1991

Description: Previous research has shown that addition of lignin-derived liquids to coal stirred in tetralin under mild reaction conditions (375{degree}C and 300--500 psig) results in a marked enhancement in the rate of coal depolymerization. A mathematical model was developed to study the kinetics of coal depolymerization in the presence of liquid-derived liquids. In the present study, a reaction pathway was formulated to explain the enhancement in coal depolymerization due to lignin (solid) addition. The … more
Date: December 31, 1991
Creator: Lalvani, S. B.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Exploratory Coprocessing Research. Final Report, September 1988--June 1991

Description: The objectives of this project were to (1) study the scope of the beneficial effects of hydrothermal pretreatment of coal on subsequent conversion, (2) identify and study the chemical or physical causes of this effect, and (3) attempt to elucidate the chemistry responsible for any coal-resid synergisms.
Date: September 5, 1991
Creator: Hirschon, Albert S.; Tse, Doris S.; Malhotra, Ripudaman; McMillen, Donald F. & Ross, David S.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Selective solvent absorption in coal conversion. Quarterly report, July 1, 1992--September 30, 1992

Description: The objectives of this program include: Determine the importance of the presence of added hydrogen donor compounds within the coal in the first stage of direct liquefaction processes; and to determine the composition of the solvent absorbed by and present within the coal in the first stages of direct coal liquefaction. The scope includes the study of the conversion of Argonne Premium coals in tetralin and 2-t-butyltetralin and a comparison of the following: Conversion to soluble products and pr… more
Date: December 31, 1992
Creator: Larsen, John W. & Amui, J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Coal liquefaction process streams characterization and evaluation: The application of {sup 252}Cf-plasma desorption mass spectrometry to analysis of direct coal liquefaction heavy products

Description: This study demonstrated the feasibility of using {sup 252}Cf PDMS, GPC, and MPLC for the examination of the tetrahydrofuran (THF)-soluble portion of distillation resid materials derived from direct coal liquefaction. The {sup 252}Cf-PDMS technique was used to determine molecular weight distributions of twenty-five THF-soluble resids. In order to detemine if {sup 252}Cf-PDMS responds differently to different chemical classes of compounds, Lehigh separated five of the samples into chemically dist… more
Date: October 1, 1992
Creator: Larsen, J. W. & Lapucha, A. R.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Coal-derived promoters for the liquefaction of Illinois coal. Technical report, September 1, 1991--November 30, 1991

Description: The objective of this program is to investigate the use of liquids derived from coal either by mild gasification or supercritical extraction (SCE) to promote direct liquefaction of Illinois coal. Some organic sulfur-, nitrogen-, and oxygen-containing compounds have been found to enhance liquefaction reactions. The use of Illinois coal to produce liquid fractions rich in these types of compounds could increase the rates of liquefaction reactions, thus improving the process economics. An integrat… more
Date: December 31, 1991
Creator: Carty, R. H.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Coal liquefaction process streams characterization and evaluation. Quarterly technical progress report, October 1--December 31, 1992

Description: The Research and Development Department of CONSOL Inc. is conducted a program to characterize process and product streams from direct coal liquefaction process development projects sponsored by the Department of Energy. In this program, CONSOL obtains samples from current process development activities in coal liquefaction and coal-oil coprocessing, and characterizes them using established analytical techniques. In addition, selected samples are characterized by other analytical techniques to e… more
Date: October 1, 1993
Creator: Brandes, S. D.; Winschel, R. A.; Burke, F. P. & Robbins, G. A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Oil shale, tar sand, coal research, advanced exploratory process technology jointly sponsored research. Quarterly technical progress report, April--June 1992

Description: Accomplishments for the quarter are presented for the following areas of research: oil shale, tar sand, coal, advanced exploratory process technology, and jointly sponsored research. Oil shale research includes; oil shale process studies, environmental base studies for oil shale, and miscellaneous basic concept studies. Tar sand research covers process development. Coal research includes; underground coal gasification, coal combustion, integrated coal processing concepts, and solid waste manage… more
Date: December 1, 1992
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Process and analytical studies of enhanced low severity co-processing using selective coal pretreatment. Quarterly technical progress report, March--May 1990

Description: The objectives of the project are to investigate various coal pretreatment techniques and to determine the effect of these pretreatment procedures on the reactivity of the coal. Reactivity enhancement will be evaluated under both direct hydroliquefaction and co-processing conditions. Coal conversion utilizing low rank coals and low severity conditions (reaction temperatures generally less than 350{degrees}C) are the primary focus of the liquefaction experiments, as it is expected that the effec… more
Date: 1990-06~
Creator: Baldwin, R. M. & Miller, R. L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Rate enhancement for catalytic upgrading coal naphthas. Quarterly report, April--June 1993

Description: In this report, we compare the activities of unsupported molybdenum nitride and unsupported molybdenum sulfide for the hydrotreatment of a real feedstock, naphtha derived from Illinois No. 6 coal. Two sets of conditions were employed for the hydrotreatment of the Illinois No. 6 naphtha. In the first condition, heteroatom removal was obtained for the temperatures of 200 to 400{degrees}C. The temperature was varied while holding constant the total pressure (600 psig), weight hourly space velocity… more
Date: November 1, 1993
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Activity testing of fine-particle size, iron catalysts for coal liquefaction

Description: The use of fine-particle size (< 40 nm) unsupported catalysts in direct coal liquefaction may result in improved economics due to possible enhanced yields of desired products, the potential for decreasing reaction severity, and the possibility of using less catalyst. Sandia has developed a standard testing procedure for evaluating and comparing the fine-particle catalysts. The test procedure uses phenanthrene as the reaction solvent, the DECS-17 Blind Canyon Coal, and a statistical experimental… more
Date: October 1, 1993
Creator: Stohl, F. V.; Diegert, K. V. & Gugliotta, T. P.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Oil shale, tar sand, coal research, advanced exploratory process technology, jointly sponsored research. Quarterly technical progress report, July--September 1992

Description: Progress made in five research programs is described. The subtasks in oil shale study include oil shale process studies and unconventional applications and markets for western oil shale.The tar sand study is on recycle oil pyrolysis and extraction (ROPE) process. Four tasks are described in coal research: underground coal gasification; coal combustion; integrated coal processing concepts; and sold waste management. Advanced exploratory process technology includes: advanced process concepts; adv… more
Date: December 31, 1992
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Rate enhancement for catalytic upgrading coal naphthas. Quarterly progress report, April--June 1992

Description: The amount of individual nitrogen and sulfur presented in the feed and hydrotreated Illinois {number_sign}6 naphtha were determined. The major nitrogen class in the naphtha are anilines. The major sulfur components identified are thiophenes and benzothiophenes. The aniline and quinoline is harder to remove than pyridine. The aniline and pyridine, without any carbon substituted, is the easiest one to remove in their class. The quinoline, without any carbon substituted, is approximately as hard a… more
Date: December 31, 1992
Creator: Liaw, Shuh Jeng; Keogh, R. A. & Davis, B. H.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Biological upgrading of coal liquids. Quarterly report, July 1, 1993--September 30, 1993

Description: The presence of heteroatom and aromatic compounds in liquids obtained from coal liquefaction processes requires expensive hydrogenation treatment to derive an acceptable liquid fuel. This project will develop a simple biological process for removing N, O and S and reducing the aromaticity of coal liquids. Microorganisms, employing biocatalysts, are known to degrade aromatic heteroatom compounds in nature to NH{sub 3}, SO{sub 4}{sup =} and CO{sub 2}. Preliminary experiments in the ERI laboratori… more
Date: December 31, 1993
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Comparison of the activities of fine-particle size catalysts

Description: The objectives of Sandia`s fine-particle size catalyst testing project are to evaluate and compare the activities of the fine-particle size catalysts being developed in DOE/PETCs Advanced Research Coal Liquefaction Program by using standard coal liquefaction test procedures. The standard procedures use Blind Canyon coal, phenanthrene as the reaction solvent, and a factorial experimental design with temperatures from 350{degrees}C to 400{degrees}C, reaction times from 20 to 60 minutes, and catal… more
Date: December 31, 1994
Creator: Stohl, F. V.; Diegert, K. V. & Goodnow, D. C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Development of analytical procedures for coprocessing. Final technical report

Description: One phase of improving understanding of the fundamental chemistry of coprocessing involves development of the ability to distinguish between products originating from coal versus those originating from petroleum resid. A primary objective of this project was to develop analytical techniques to determine the source (coal versus resid) of the various compound types found in coprocessing products. A corollary objective was to develop an expanded knowledge of the detailed composition of coprocessin… more
Date: July 1, 1991
Creator: Anderson, R. P.; Green, J. B. & Vogh, J. W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Clean coal technologies: Research, development, and demonstration program plan

Description: The US Department of Energy, Office of Fossil Energy, has structured an integrated program for research, development, and demonstration of clean coal technologies that will enable the nation to use its plentiful domestic coal resources while meeting environmental quality requirements. The program provides the basis for making coal a low-cost, environmentally sound energy choice for electric power generation and fuels production. These programs are briefly described.
Date: December 1, 1993
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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New catalysts for coal liquefaction and new nanocrystalline catalysts synthesis methods

Description: The use of coal as a source of transportation fuel is currently economically unfavorable due to an abundant world petroleum supply and the relatively high cost of coal liquefaction. Consequently, a reduction in the cost of coal liquefaction, for example by using less and/or less costly catalysts or lower liquefaction temperatures, must be accomplished if coal is to play an significant role as a source of liquid feedstock for the petrochemical industry. The authors and others have investigated t… more
Date: September 1, 1994
Creator: Linehan, J. C.; Matson, D. W. & Darab, J. G.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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