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Assessment of research and development (R and D) needs in ammonia safety and environmental control

Description: This report characterizes the ammonia industry operations, reviews current knowledge of ammonia release and subsequent impacts, summarizes the status of release prevention and control methods and identify research and development needs for safety and environmental control. Appendices include: accidental spills and human exposure; adiabatic mixing of liquid nitrogen and air; fire and explosion hazards; and environmental impact rating tables. (PSB)
Date: September 1, 1981
Creator: Brenchley, D.L.; Athey, G.F. & Bomelburg, H.J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Analysis of Paraho oil shale products and effluents: an example of the multi-technique approach

Description: Inorganic analysis of solid, liquid and gaseous samples from the Paraho Semiworks Retort was completed using a multitechnique approach. The data were statistically analyzed to determine both the precision of each method and to see how closely the various techniques compared. The data were also used to determine the redistribution of 31 trace and major elements in the various effluents, including the offgas for the Paraho Retort operating in the direct mode. The computed mass balances show that … more
Date: June 10, 1979
Creator: Fruchter, J. S.; Wilkerson, C. L.; Evans, J. C. & Sanders, R. W.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Boron reclamation

Description: A process to recover high purity /sup 10/B enriched crystalline boron powder from a polymeric matrix was developed on a laboratory basis and ultimately scaled up to production capacity. The process is based on controlled pyrolysis of boron-filled scrap followed by an acid leach and dry sieving operation to return the powder to the required purity and particle size specifications. Typically, the recovery rate of the crystalline powder is in excess of 98.5 percent, and some of the remaining boron… more
Date: July 1, 1980
Creator: Smith, R. M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Interactions of tailings leachate with local liner materials found at Canonsburg, Pennsylvania.

Description: The mill tailings site at Canonsburg, Pennsylvania is the first mill site to receive remedial action under the Department of Energy's Uranium Mill Tailings Remedial Action Program. Part of this remedial action will require excavating the 53,500 m/sup 3/ (70,000 yd/sup 3/) of tailings on the site having a specific activity exceeding 100 pCi/g, and encapsulating these contaminated tailings in a clay-lined cell. As part of the remedial action effort, Pacific Northwest Laboratory has been studying … more
Date: April 1, 1984
Creator: Dodson, M.E.; Gee, G.W. & Serne, R.J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Resource capture by single leaves

Description: Leaves show a variety of strategies for maximizing CO{sub 2} and light capture. These are more meaningfully explained if they are considered in the context of maximizing capture relative to the utilization of water, nutrients and carbohydrates reserves. There is considerable variation between crops in their efficiency of CO{sub 2} and light capture at the leaf level. Understanding of these mechanisms indicate some ways in which efficiency of resource capture could be level cannot be meaningfull… more
Date: May 1, 1992
Creator: Long, S.P.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Energy-Exchange Project

Description: The purpose of the study was to determine what energy savings can be achieved by coordinating the resources and requirements of two facilities, the 26th Ward Water Pollution Control Plant (WPCP) and a housing development named Starrett City with its own total energy system. It was determined that three energy exchange options were economically and technically feasible. These include: the transfer of digester gas produced at the 26th Ward to the boilers at the Starrett City's total energy plant … more
Date: April 1, 1982
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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A Novel Coal Feeder for Production of Low Sulfur Fuel

Description: During the past three months, the coal feeding system has been tested and currently undergoing evaluation at the University of Cincinnati. The system consists primarily of an auger feed tube which is used to both convey and provide desulfurization of a high sulfur coal feedstock. The coal is conveyed at temperatures ranging from 350 to 550{degrees}C and under normal atmospheric pressure. Under these mild processing conditions, the coal partially pyrolizes and emits sulfur in the form of hydroge… more
Date: January 1, 1990
Creator: Khang, S. J. & Keener, T. C.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Electronic band structure and optical properties of the cubic, Sc, Y and La hydride systems

Description: Electronic band structure calculations are used to interpret the optical spectra of the cubic Sc, Y and La hydride systems. Self-consistent band calculations of ScH/sub 2/ and YH/sub 2/ were carried out. The respective joint densities of states are computed and compared to the dielectric functions determined from the optical measurements. Additional calculations were performed in which the Fermi level or band gap energies are rigidly shifted by a small energy increment. These calculations are t… more
Date: January 1, 1980
Creator: Peterman, D. J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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(Environmental investigation of ground water contamination at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio)

Description: This report presents information concerning field procedures employed during the monitoring, well construction, well purging, sampling, and well logging at the Wright-Patterson Air Force Base. Activities were conducted in an effort to evaluate ground water contamination.
Date: October 1, 1991
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Survey of helium in soil gases of Long Valley, Califorina

Description: Soil and water samples in and around the Long Valley geothermal area, Mono County, California, were collected and analyzed for helium by means of a modified mass spectrometer leak detector to see what relationship helium concentrations might have to geothermal features of the area, and to previously studied mercury anomalies in the area. Anomalously high concentrations of helium occurred over part of a major Sierra Nevada frontal fault and over other faults outside of the caldera. Anomalously l… more
Date: January 1, 1980
Creator: Hinkle, M. E. & Kilburn, J. E.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Characterization of solids in the Three Mile Island Unit 2 Reactor defueling water: Addendum

Description: Shortly after ORNL/TM-10362 was issued, it was discovered that a series of 31 figures had been inadvertently omitted. These figures, which consist of scanning electron microscope (SEM) photographs and energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence scans, provide significant information about the results obtained in the tests performed with water sample W3. This Addendum includes these figures. Details of and comments on the SEM photographs may be found in ORNL/TM-10362.
Date: March 1, 1988
Creator: Campbell, D.O.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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High temperature ceramic membrane reactors for coal liquid upgrading

Description: In this project we intend to study a novel process concept, i.e, the use of ceramic membranes reactors in upgrading of coal derived liquids. Membrane reactors have been used in a number of catalytic reaction processes in order to overcome the limitations on conversion imposed by thermodynamic equilibrium. They have, furthermore, the inherent capability for combining reaction and separation in a single step. Thus they offer promise for improving and optimizing yield, selectivity and performance … more
Date: January 1, 1992
Creator: Tsotsis, T.T.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Final Report of Modeling of CWM Droplet Combustion

Description: The objective of the present study was to develop a one-dimensional, unsteady state model for coal-water mixture droplet combustion, and to compare the characteristic times for the various processes, such as water vaporization, devolatilization and char oxidation with available experimental data. A water film surrounding a spherical coal particle is considered to undergo vaporization by heat transfer from the hot air. After the water vaporization is complete, devolatilization begins. This proce… more
Date: October 1, 1983
Creator: Pandalai, Krish; Aggarwal, Suresh & Sirignano, William
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Cadmium sulfide/copper sulfide heterojunction cell research. Final report, February 26, 1979-July 15, 1980

Description: Extensive modifications were made to the multi-source deposition apparatus. These include the installation of a larger vacuum chamber on the existing system. The new chamber provides improved inter-source shielding, an improved substrate mounting and heating system, and a vacuum interlock for introducing substrates. CdS resistivity control by both In doping and off-stoichiometric deposition has been investigated. Indium doping has been achieved both by diffusion from a pre-deposited In layer an… more
Date: June 30, 1980
Creator: Thornton, J. A. & Cornog, D. G.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Phosphate-bonded glass cements for geothermal wells. Final report

Description: Calcium aluminosilicate glasses were found to react with phosphoric acid in three ways depending upon silica content. Above 55% SiO/sub 2/ they are insoluble while below 50% they dissolve readily. The transition compositions release calcium and aluminum ions and a silica gel phase replaces the glass. Activation energies in the order of 10 kcal/mole are associated with the dissolution. Equilibrium studies in the systems CaO-P/sub 2/O/sub 5/-H/sub 2/O, Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/-P/sub 2/O/sub 5/-H/sub 2/O… more
Date: September 1, 1979
Creator: Rockett, T.J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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State-of-the-art for evaluating the potential impact of flooding on a radioactive waste repository

Description: This report is a review of the state-of-the-art for evaluating the potential impact of flooding on a deep radioactive-waste repository, namely, for predicting the future occurrence of catastrophic flooding and for estimating the effect of such flooding on waste containment characteristics. Several detrimental effects are identified: flooding can increase groundwater seepage velocities through a repository within the framework of the existing hydrologic system and thus increase the rate of radio… more
Date: July 16, 1980
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Progress report on the development of the General Atomic thermochemical water-splitting process

Description: The major accomplishments of the DOE funded part of the GA thermochemical water-splitting program are reported. They include: completion of installation of all bench-scale equipment; operation and preliminary data acquisition for bench-scale subunits I and II; design, installation and operation of a system for iodine removal from the low phase; review and modification of Section III of the engineering flowsheet resulting in an increase in process efficiency and decrease in capital cost; and com… more
Date: August 1, 1980
Creator: Besenbruch, G.E.; Allen, C.L.; Brown, L.C.; McCorkle, K.; Rode, J.S.; Norman, J.H. et al.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Enhanced durability and reactivity for zinc ferrite desulfurization sorbent

Description: AMAX Research Development Center (AMAX R D) has been investigating methods for enhancing the reactivity and durability of the zinc ferrite desulfurization sorbent. Zinc ferrite sorbents are intended for use in desulfurization of hot coal gas in integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) or molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) applications. For the present program, the reactivity of the sorbent may be defined as its sulfur sorption capacity at the breakthrough point and at saturation in a bench-… more
Date: November 14, 1988
Creator: Jha, Mahesh C. & Berggren, Mark H.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Waste Isolation Pilot Plant site environmental report for calendar year 1990

Description: The US Department of Energy (DOE) Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) Operational Environmental Monitoring Plan (OEMP) monitors a comprehensive set of parameters in order to detect any potential environmental impacts and establish baselines for future quantitative environmental impact evaluations. Surface water and groundwater, soil, and biotics are measured for background radiation. Nonradiological environmental monitoring activities include meteorological, air quality, soil properties, and the… more
Date: January 1, 1990
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Solar hot water system installed at Days Inn Motel, Jacksonville, Florida

Description: The solar energy hot water system installed in the Days Inns of America, Inc., Days Inn Motel (120 rooms) I-95 and Cagle Road, Jacksonville, Florida, is described. The solar system was designed by ILI, Incorporated to provide 65 percent of the hot water demand. The system is one of eleven systems planned under this grant. Water (in the Solar Energy Products, Model CU-30ww liquid flat plate collector (900 square feet) system) automatically drains into the 1000 gallon lined and vented steel stora… more
Date: September 1, 1980
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Resource, technology, and environment at the geysers

Description: A general review, description, and history of geothermal development at the Geysers is presented. Particular emphasis is placed on environmental impacts of development of the area. The discussion is presented under the following chapter titles: introduction; energy, enthalpy and the First Law; vapor-producing geothermal reservoirs--review and models; geothermal; entropy and the Second Law; power plants--basics; H/sub 2/S emissions; hydrogen sulfide--possible health effects and odor; other emiss… more
Date: June 1, 1977
Creator: Weres, O.; Tsao, K. & Wood, B.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Synergistic capture mechanisms for alkali and sulfur species from combustion

Description: This report presents work done on a laboratory combustor in an attempt to identify mechanisms that govern the simultaneous capture of alkali and sulfur species using sorbent injection techniques. The mechanisms of capture fall into two broad categories i.e. Physical transport of alkali species (in vapor or condensed phase) to the sorbent surface and surface reaction between the alkali species and the sorbents. Water solubility, though not specific, has been used to get an indication of relative… more
Date: April 23, 1992
Creator: Peterson, T.W.; Shadman, F.; Wendt, J.O.L. & Mwabe, P.O.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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