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Response of a glass melter to steam explosion

Description: As part of the safety assessment in the design of the glass melter for large-scale immobilization of high-level radioactive wastes, structural considerations of the containment shell include its dynamic responses to abnormal loading conditions such as that caused by a steam explosion. The postulated steam explosion, conservatively given an energy content equivalent to 13 pounds of TNT, is capable of exerting sudden pressures greater than 300 psi but less than 410 psi on the melter wall. By use … more
Date: January 1, 1984
Creator: Yau, W. F. & Durant, W. S.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

LFCM vitrification technology. Quarterly progress report, January-March 1986

Description: This report is compiled by the Nuclear Waste Treatment Progrqam and the Hanford Waste Vitrification Program at Pacific Northwest Laboratory to document progress on liquid-fed ceramic melter (LFCM) vitrification technology. Progress in the following technical subject areas during the second quarter of FY 1986 is discussed: melting process chemistry and glass development, feed preparation and transfer systems, melter systems, canister filling and handling systems, off-gas systems, and process/pro… more
Date: September 1, 1986
Creator: Burkholder, H. C. & Minor, J. E.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Temperature control system for liquid-fed ceramic melters

Description: A temperature-feedback system has been developed for controlling electrical power to liquid-fed ceramic melters (LFCM). Software, written for a microcomputer-based data acquisition and process monitoring system, compares glass temperatures with a temperature setpoint and adjusts the electrical power accordingly. Included in the control algorithm are steps to reject failed thermocouples, spatially average the glass temperatures, smooth the averaged temperatures over time using a digital filter, … more
Date: October 1, 1986
Creator: Westsik, J. H. Jr.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Application of artificial intelligence to melter control: Realtime process advisor for the scale melter facility

Description: The Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF) at the Savannah River Plant (SRP) is currently under construction and when completed will process high-level radioactive waste into a borosilicate glass wasteform. This facility will consist of numerous batch chemical processing steps as well as the continuous operation of a joule-heated melter and its off-gas treatment system. A realtime process advisor system based on Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques has been developed and is currently in us… more
Date: January 1, 1988
Creator: Edwards, Jr, R E
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Costs of nuclear waste glassmaking at Savannah River

Description: Recently developed reference schedules for processing high-level nuclear wastes into solid glass froms at Savannah River provide bases for economic evaluations of potential improvements of glass melter design and operation. Greater melter output is achieved through increases in capacity and attainment and possible higher glass waste loadings. The economic evaluation indicates only minor beneficial impacts on total waste disposal costs for melter outputs greater than current reference values. In… more
Date: January 1, 1988
Creator: McDonell, W R; Thomas, S D & Goodlett, C B
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Startup test strategy for demonstrating the ability of DWPF to comply with the WAPS

Description: This document discusses Startup Test Program for the Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF) which has been formulated to demonstrate that the DWPF can be operated in a safe, environmentally responsible manner to produce a product that will meet the requirements of the Waste Acceptance Preliminary Specifications. Startup will be managed in four distinct phases: Integrated Water Runs, Cold Chemical Runs, Waste Qualification Runs, and Radioactive Operation. A variety of feeds will be used for Wa… more
Date: January 1, 1992
Creator: Sproull, J.F. & Marra, S.L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Technology trends in econometric energy models: Ignorance or information

Description: Simple time trend variables in factor demand models can be statistically powerful variables, but may tell the researcher very little. Even more complex specification of technical change, e.g. factor biased, are still the economentrician's measure of ignorance'' about the shifts that occur in the underlying production process. Furthermore, in periods of rapid technology change the parameters based on time trends may be too large for long run forecasting. When there is clearly identifiable engine… more
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: Boyd, G.; Kokkelenberg, E. & Ross, M.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Redox control of electric melters with complex feed compositions. Part II: preliminary limits for radioactive waste melters

Description: Melter redox control is necessary for safe and continued melter operation. A combination of feed composition control, melter operational controls and monitors, and periodic determination of product glass redox state is sufficient to meet operating and safety requirements. Mossbauer spectroscopy, or other methods which determine the Fe(II)/Fe(III) ratio of the glass product, can be used to determine the oxidation state of the glass and thereby assess operating conditions. Slightly reducing condi… more
Date: January 1, 1985
Creator: Bickford, D F; Diemer, Jr, R B & Iverson, D C
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Commercial waste treatment program annual progress report for FY 1983

Description: This annual report describes progress during FY 1983 relating to technologies under development by the Commercial Waste Treatment Program, including: development of glass waste form and vitrification equipment for high-level wastes (HLW); waste form development and process selection for transuranic (TRU) wastes; pilot-scale operation of a radioactive liquid-fed ceramic melter (LFCM) system for verifying the reliability of the reference HLW treatment proces technology; evaluation of treatment re… more
Date: February 1, 1984
Creator: McElroy, J.L. & Burkholder, H.C. (comps.)
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Redox control of electric melters with complex feed compositions. Part I: analytical methods and models

Description: The redox state of glass from electric melters with complex feed compositions is determined by balance between gases above the melt, and transition metals and organic compounds in the feed. Part I discusses experimental and computational methods of relating flowrates and other melter operating conditions to the redox state of glass, and composition of the melter offgas. Computerized thermodynamic computational methods are useful in predicting the sequence and products of redox reactions and in … more
Date: January 1, 1985
Creator: Bickford, D F & Diemer, Jr, R B
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Thermal effects of electrically conductive deposits in melter

Description: The radioactive waste processed by the Defense Waste Processing Facility melter at the Savannah river Site contains noble metal fission-products. Operation of waste-glass melters treating commercial power reactor wastes indicates that accumulation of noble metals on melter floors can lead to distortion of electric heating patterns, loss of power, and possible electrode damage. Changes in melter geometry have been developed in Japan and Germany to minimize these effects. The two existing melters… more
Date: January 1, 1992
Creator: Choi, I.G.; Bickford, D.F. & Carter, J.T.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Assessment of selected furnace technologies for RWMC waste

Description: This report provides a description and initial evaluation of five selected thermal treatment (furnace) technologies, in support of earlier thermal technologies scoping work for application to the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory Radioactive Waste Management Complex (RWMC) buried wastes. The cyclone furnace, molten salt processor, microwave melter, ausmelt (fuel fired lance) furnace, and molten metal processor technologies are evaluated. A system description and brief development history ar… more
Date: March 1, 1992
Creator: Batdorf, J.; Gillins, R. (Science Applications International Corp., Idaho Falls, ID (United States)) & Anderson, G.L. (EG and G Idaho, Inc., Idaho Falls, ID (United States))
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Laboratory procedures used in the hot corrosion project

Description: The objective of the Hot Corrosion Project in the LLNL Metals and Ceramics Division is to study the physical and chemical mechanisms of corrosion of nickel, iron, and some of their alloys when these metals are subjected to oxidizing or sulfidizing environments at temperatures between 850 and 950/sup 0/C. To obtain meaningful data in this study, we must rigidly control many parameters. Parameters are discussed and the methods chosen to control them in this laboratory. Some of the mechanics and m… more
Date: April 8, 1980
Creator: Jeys, T.R.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Commercial LFCM vitrification technology. Quarterly progress report, October-December 1984

Description: This report is the first in a series of quarterly reports compiled by the Nuclear Waste Treatment Program Office at Pacific Northwest Laboratory to document progress on commercial liquid-fed ceramic melter (LFCM) vitrification technology. Progress in the following technical subject areas during the first quarter of FY 1985 is discussed: pretreatment systems, melting process chemistry, glass development and characterization, feed preparation and transfer systems, melter systems, canister filling… more
Date: July 1, 1985
Creator: Burkholder, H. C. & Jarrett, J. H.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Evaluations of glass vitrification techniques on iron ratio determinations

Description: High-level liquid waste at the Savannah River Site (SRS) will be processed into borosilicate glass at the Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF). Waste glass will be transported to a geologic repository for permanent disposal. Control of the redox properties of the melter feed is necessary for smooth operation of the melter. The Fe(II)/total Fe ratio in glass is a measure of the redox conditions in the melter. To simulate final glass product conditions, melter feed samples will be vitrified a… more
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: Spencer, R.B.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Thermal history and crystallization characteristics of the DWPF glass waste form

Description: The Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF) at the Savannah River Site will immobilize high-level radioactive waste by incorporating it in a stable borosilicate glass waste form suitable for long term storage in a geologic repository. The thermal history of the canistered waste form to be produced in DWPF was determined during filling and subsequent cooldown operations by simulating DWPF production conditions. Samples of simulated waste glass of projected compositions for the DWPF have been ex… more
Date: January 1, 1992
Creator: Marra, S. L.; Edwards, R. E. & Jantzen, Carol M.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

LFCM (liquid-fed ceramic melter) vitrification technology: Quarterly progress report, January--March 1987

Description: This report is compiled by the Nuclear Waste Treatment Program and the Hanford Waste Vitrification Program at Pacific Northwest Laboratory to describe the progress in developing, testing, applying and documenting liquid-fed ceramic melter vitrification technology. Progress in the following technical subject areas during the second quarter of FY 1987 is discussed: melting process chemistry and glass development, feed preparation and transfer systems, melter systems, canister filling and handling… more
Date: May 1, 1988
Creator: Brouns, R. A.; Allen, C. R. & Powell, J. A. (comps.)
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

LFCM vitrification technology. Quarterly progress report, October-December 1985

Description: This report is compiled by the Nuclear Waste Treatment Program and the Hanford Waste Vitrification Program at Pacific Northwest Laboratory to document progress on liquid-fed ceramic melter (LFCM) vitrification technology. Progress in the following technical subject areas during the first quarter of FY 1986 is discussed: melting process chemistry and glass development, feed preparation and transfer systems, melter systems, canister filling and handling systems, off-gas systems, process/product m… more
Date: September 1, 1986
Creator: Burkholder, H. C.; Jarrett, J. H. & Minor, J. E.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Control of radioactive waste-glass melters: Part 3, Glass electrical stability

Description: Pilot waste-glass melter operations have indicated a tendency for noble-metal fission-product accumulation on melter floors, which can lead to distortion of electric heating patterns, and decrease melter life. Changes in melter geometry are being considered in Japan, Germany, and the United States to permit draining of the noble metals to reduce their effects. Physical modeling of melter electrical patterns, electrode/waste-glass electrochemistry, and non-linear electrical behavior have been ev… more
Date: January 1, 1988
Creator: Bickford, D F; Propst, R C & Plodinec, M J
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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High temperature materials for radioactive waste incineration and vitrification. Revision 1

Description: Incineration or vitrification of radioactive waste subjects equipment to alkaline or acidic fluxing, oxidation, sulfidation, carburization, and thermal shock. It is necessary to select appropriate materials of construction and control operating conditions to avoid rapid equipment failure. Nickel- and cobalt-based alloys with high chromium or aluminum content and aluminum oxide/chromium oxide refractories with high chromium oxide content have provided the best service in pilot-scale melter tests… more
Date: January 1, 1986
Creator: Bickford, D F; Ondrejcin, R S & Salley, L
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Preliminary evaluation of PSCM and BIPP melter design and operating conditions using physical modeling

Description: The Glass Melter Physical Modeling investigation was initiated to support Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL) Hanford Waste Vitrification Program. Specifically, results discussed herein are those of the modeled B-Plant Immobilization Pilot Plant (BIPP) and Pilot Scale Ceramic Melter (PSCM) designs. The purpose of this study was to evaluate various melter design features using laboratory scale models. Hydrodynamic, thermal, and electrical similarity between the modeling fluid and the molten glass… more
Date: May 1, 1985
Creator: Skarda, R.J.; Hauser, S.G. & Fort, J.A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Energy savings through use of an improved reduction-cell cathode. Interim technical report, October 1, 1978-December 31, 1978

Description: This report summarizes the development work during the fifth quarter of the cost sharing contract between the Department of Energy and Kaiser Aluminum and Chemical Corporation. The project purpose is to develop a wettable and drained Hall cell cathode which will reduce the specific energy consumption of commercial cells by 20 to 25%. During this quarter the material characterization work has continued. In the last half of this period the decision was made to restart the 15KA piloe cell for a te… more
Date: January 1, 1978
Creator: Goodnow, W. H.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Rheology of glasses containing crystalline material

Description: The rheology of nonhomogeneous glassy melts that contain crystalline material has not been studied in much detail. In this study, the rheology of melts containing simulated nuclear waste has been characterized as a function of melt temperature and crystalline content. These melts can be either Newtonian or non-Newtonian fluids, depending on their crystalline contents. Melts which are free of crystals are strictly Newtonian. Melts which contain from 2 to 10 vol % crystals are Newtonian fluids, w… more
Date: January 1, 1986
Creator: Plodinec, M J
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Design features of the radioactive Liquid-Fed Ceramic Melter system

Description: During 1983, the Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL), at the request of the Department of Energy (DOE), undertook a program with the principal objective of testing the Liquid-Fed Ceramic Melter (LFCM) process in actual radioactive operations. This activity, termed the Radioactive LFCM (RLFCM) Operations is being conducted in existing shielded hot-cell facilities in B-Cell of the 324 Building, 300 Area, located at Hanford, Washington. This report summarizes the design features of the RLFCM system… more
Date: June 1, 1985
Creator: Holton, L.K. Jr. (comp.)
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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