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in subjects: "Direct Gain Systems"

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Solar Energy System Performance Evaluation: seasonal report for Wormser, Columbia, South Carolina

The Wormser Solar Energy System located in a four unit townhouse apartment (5400 square feet) in Columbia, South Carolina was designed to provide 50% of the hot water and 70% of the space heating by the Wormser Scientific Corporation, Stamford, Connecticut. The Solar Energy System consists of 266 ft/sup 2/ of pyramidal optics, flat-plate liquid collectors, a solar window area of 1152 ft/sup 2/, a 2500 gallon thermal water storage tank, an energy transport system (water), heat exchangers, pumps,… more

Date: August 1, 1980

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Passive solar construction handbook

Many of the basic elements of passive solar design are reviewed. The unique design constraints presented in passive homes are introduced and many of the salient issues influencing design decisions are described briefly. Passive solar construction is described for each passive system type: direct gain, thermal storage wall, attached sunspace, thermal storage roof, and convective loop. For each system type, important design and construction issues are discussed and case studies illustrating desig… more

Date: August 1, 1981

Creator: Levy, E.; Evans, D. & Gardstein, C.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Los Alamos test-room results

Fourteen Los Alamos test rooms have been operated for several years; this paper covers operation during the winters of 1980-81 and 1981-82. Extensive data have been taken and computer analyzed to determine performance parameters such as efficiency, solar savings fraction, and comfort index. The rooms are directly comparable because each has the same net coefficient and solar collection area and thus the same load collector ratio. Configurations include direct gain, unvented Trombe walls, water … more

Date: January 1, 1982

Creator: McFarland, R.D. & Balcomb, J.D.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Preliminary designs: passive solar manufactured housing. Technical status report

The criteria established to guide the development of the preliminary designs are listed. Three preliminary designs incorporating direct gain and/or sunspace are presented. Costs, drawings, and supporting calculations are included. (MHR)

Date: May 12, 1980

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Passive test cell data for the solar laboratory, Winter 1980-81

Testing was done during the 1980-81 winter in 400 ft/sup 3/ test cells at the Los Alamos National Laboratory Solar Lab. This testing was done primarily to determine the relative efficiency of various passive solar heating concepts and to obtain data that could be used to validate computer simulation programs. The passive solar systems tested were Trombe wall with and without selective absorber, water wall, phase-change wall, direct gain, a heat-pipe collector, and two sunspace geometries. The h… more

Date: May 1, 1982

Creator: McFarland, R.D.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Passive-solar construction handbook

Many of the basic elements of passive solar design are reviewed. Passive solar construction is covered according to system type, each system type discussion including a general discussion of the important design and construction issues which apply to the particular system and case studies illustrating designed and built examples of the system type. The three basic types of passive solar systems discussed are direct gain, thermal storage wall, and attached sunspace. Thermal performance and const… more

Date: February 1, 1981

Creator: Levy, E.; Evans, D. & Gardstein, C.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Economic analysis of a passive solar multiple-family dwelling for upstate New York

The objective of this study was to examine the economic feasibility of passive solar energy as applied to a multiple-family dwelling in three upstate New York cities: Buffalo, Rochester, and Syracuse. Specifically, two passive solar applications - a Trombe wall and a direct-gain system - for a nine-unit structure designed by Total Environmental Action, Inc. were analyzed through the use of a solar economic performance code. City-specific data, including climatological information, building cons… more

Date: February 1, 1982

Creator: Laquatra, J. Jr.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Passive solar design handbook

The Passive Solar Design Handbook, Volume Three updates Volume Two by presenting extensive new data on the optimum mix of conservation and solar direct gain, sunspaces, thermal storage walls, and solar radiation. The direct gain, thermal storage wall, and solar radiation data are greatly expanded relative to the Volume 2 coverage. The needed flexibility to analyze a variety of system designs is accommodated by the large number of reference designs to be encompassed - 94 in contrast to 6 in Volu… more

Date: January 1, 1981

Creator: Jones, R.W.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Heat storage and distribution inside passive-solar buildings

Passive-solar buildings are investigated from the viewpoint of the storage of solar heat in materials of the building: walls, floors, ceilings, and furniture. The effects of the location, material, thickness, and orientation of each internal building surface are investigated. The concept of diurnal heat capacity is introduced and a method of using this parameter to estimate clear-day temperature swings is developed. Convective coupling to remote rooms within a building is discussed, including b… more

Date: January 1, 1983

Creator: Balcomb, J. D.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Diurnal heat storage in direct-gain passive-solar buildings

This paper presents a simplified method for predicting temperature swings in direct-gain buildings. It is called the DHC method due to the use of a diurnal heat capacity (DHC). Diurnal heat capacity is a measure of the effective amount of heat stored during a sunny day and then released at night - the typical 24-hour diurnal cycle. This enables prediction of the maximum temperature swings experienced in the building and can be calculated using a single 24-hour harmonic. The advantage is that cl… more

Date: January 1, 1983

Creator: Balcomb, J.D. & Neeper, D.A.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Summertime results from the Class B passive-solar performance-monitoring program

The DOE/SERI Class B passive solar monitoring program is designed to provide, at relatively low cost, accurate and consistent real-time estimates of building thermal performance, as well as detailed data regarding climate, indoor temperatures, and purchased energy needs. As part of this program, a microprocessor-based data acquisition system has been installed in each of ten passive solar houses in the Denver area, primarily to evaluate heating-season performance. During the summer, however, th… more

Date: July 1, 1981

Creator: Swisher, J.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Performance analysis of mixed passive solar heating systems

The various situations in which interactions between south-facing systems serving a single thermal zone may affect the performance of the mixture are discussed. In particular, the nature of direct gain interactions with unvented Trombe walls was explored using a detailed thermal network computer program. The results are compared with predictions from the simple design analysis procedures which neglect interactions. This comparison showed that system interactions can significantly improve the pe… more

Date: January 1, 1985

Creator: Wray, W.O. & Best, E.D.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Passive-solar techniques for the mobile/modular housing industry

Using a fairly typical mobile home design, it is shown that state-of-the-art mobile/modular housing and passive solar techniques can be used together. Computer simulations are used to analyze the concept. Size conditions at a mobile home park are considered. Glazing orientation, shading, and thermal storage are included in the analysis. (LEW)

Date: January 31, 1983

Creator: Osborn, D.C.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Community United Methodist Church solar classroom building. Phase II

The new building reported is formed by three 20 foot by 70 foot modules, each with the long axis in the east-west direction and with a shed roof over each. Solar features include daylighting, fixed insulating shades over the clerestory windows to minimize heat loss during the winter, some operable clerestory windows for ventillation, thermal mass in the form of a concrete floor slab and dark concrete masonry walls on the north end of interior space, ceiling fans for air circulation and sensible… more

Date: January 1, 1981

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Comparative study of four building energy simulations: Phase II; DOE-2. 1, BLAST-3. 0, SUNCAT-2. 4, and DEROB-4

Four building energy analysis codes are compared using two direct gain building models with Madison, WI, and Albuquerque, NM, typical meteorological year (TMY) data. Annual heating and cooling loads are compared and analyzed with respect to two previous studies. The results from all four codes disagree significantly.

Date: July 1, 1981

Creator: Judkoff, R.; Wortman, D. & O'Doherty, B.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Thermal performance of the Brookhaven natural thermal storage house

In the Brookhaven natural thermal storage house, an energy-efficient envelope, passive solar collectors, and a variety of energy conservation methods are incorporated. The thermal characteristics of the house during the tested heating season are evaluated. Temperature distributions at different zones are displayed, and the effects of extending heating supply ducts only to the main floor and heating return ducts only from the second floor are discussed. The thermal retrievals from the structure … more

Date: January 1, 1981

Creator: Ghaffari, H.T. & Jones, R.F.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Heat distribution by natural convection

Natural convection between spaces in a building can play a major role in energy transfer. Two situations are investigated: convection through a single doorway into a remote room, and a convective loop in a two-story house with a south sunspace where a north stairway serves as the return path. A doorway-sizing equation is given for the single-door case. Detailed data are given from the monitoring of airflow in one two-story house and summary data are given for five others. Observations on the na… more

Date: January 1, 1983

Creator: Balcomb, J.D. & Yamaguchi, K.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Simple procedure for schematic design of passive solar buildings

A simple procedure for use during the schematic phase of passive solar building design is presented in this article. The procedure is quantitative and accurate enough to insure that designs based on the provided starting point values of the primary building parameters will be cost effective.

Date: January 1, 1984

Creator: Wray, W.O. & Kosiewicz, C.E.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Generalized solar load ratio correlation for direct gain buildings

A generalized solar load ratio correlation has been developed for direct gain buildings by generating relationships between the correlation parameters and two fundamental design parameters. The first design parameter is the steady state conductance of the solar aperture, U/sub c/. The second is the effective heat capacity of the solar zone, EHC.

Date: January 1, 1986

Creator: Wray, W.O. & Best, E.D.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

DHC: a diurnal heat capacity program for microcomputers

A computer program has been developed that can predict the temperature swing in direct gain passive solar buildings. The diurnal heat capacity (DHC) program calculates the DHC for any combination of homogeneous or layered surfaces using closed-form harmonic solutions to the heat diffusion equation. The theory is described, a Basic program listing is provided, and an example solution printout is given.

Date: January 1, 1985

Creator: Balcomb, J. D.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Prediction of internal temperature swings in direct-gain passive-solar buildings

The diurnal heat capacity method is presented for estimating inside-temperature swings attributable to direct winter solar gain. The procedures are simplified to be suitable for hand analysis, aided by tables of diurnal heat capacity for various materials. The method has been spot checked against computer simulation and has been used successfully by a group of 20 builders in New Mexico to analyze whether temperature swings would be excessive in their designs.

Date: January 1, 1983

Creator: Balcomb, J. D.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Electric coheating experiment to determine the heat-loss coefficient of a double-envelope house

An electric coheating experiment was conducted on a double-envelope house in Arvada, Colorado, to determine the total heat loss coefficient (UA) of the double-shelled structure, as well as the heat loss coefficients of the inner and outer shells. Electric coheating is fairly well established as an experimental method for determining the total heat loss coefficient in conventional residential buildings. However, special problems are introduced with passive and double-envelope buildings. A new me… more

Date: July 1, 1981

Creator: Ortega, J. K.E.; Anderson, J. V.; Connolly, J. M. & Bingham, C. E.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Passive-solar retrofit study for the United States Navy

A passive solar retrofit study has been conducted for the United States Navy at the Los Alamos National Laboratory. The purpose of the study was to determine the energy savings obtainable in concrete block buildings from several passive solar heating strategies. A procedure involving the use of test cell data and computer simulation was employed to assess the merits of six retrofit options. The six strategies selected were chosen on the basis of providing a series of options that will deliver i… more

Date: January 1, 1981

Creator: Wray, W.O. & Miles, C.R.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Design and construction of a demonstration residence utilizing natural thermal storage

The Brookhaven House is an energy conserving residence which demonstrates how thermal mass combined with solar energy can be used to reduce heating costs in a conventional single-family house. The purpose of the project was to develop a prototypical house design that could result in immediate energy savings by being an acceptable, attractive design to developers, builders, and home buyers. Investigations were limited to only materials and methods of construction that were considered presently a… more

Date: January 1, 1981

Creator: Jones, R.F. & Ghaffari, H.T.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department