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in subjects: "Cutting"

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Low-Cost Solar Array Project. Progress report 14, August 1979-December 1979 and proceedings of the 14th Project Integration Meeting

Progress made by the Low-Cost Solar Array Project during the period August through November 1979, is described. Progress on project analysis and integration; technology development in silicon material, large-area sheet silicon, and encapsulation; production process and equipment development; engineering, and operations, and the steps taken to integrate these efforts are detailed. A report on the Project Integration Meeting held December 5-6, 1979, including copies of the visual materials used, … more

Date: January 1, 1980

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Silicon ingot casting: Heat Exchanger Method (HEM)/multi-wire slicing: Fixed Abrasive Slicing Technique (FAST), Phase IV. Quarterly progress report No. 2, April 1, 1980-June 30, 1980

Silicon ingot size cast by HEM has been extended to 34 cm x 34 cm x 10 cm. A 20 kg ingot has been solidified at 3 kg/hr with no crucible attachment or ingot cracking problems. Another ingot of 26 kg weight has also been solidified. The heat treatment used to develop a graded structure caused cracking on the inside surface of the first large crucibles. The thermal conditions were altered to minimize high gradients and the cracking was eliminated. A high degree of single crystallinity has been ma… more

Date: August 1, 1980

Creator: Schmid, F.; Khattak, C.P. & Basaran, M.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Array automated assembly: Phase 2. Quarterly report

An analysis was made of cost trade-offs for shaping modified square wafers from cylindrical crystals. For reasonably expectable silicon and sheet costs, the optimum shape will be nearer a circle than a square. Tests were conducted of the effectiveness of texture etching for removal of surface damage on sawed wafers. Four glass systems have survived preliminary screening tests for use as edge masking dielectrics. These include beta-spodumen, MgO-Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ borosilicate, baria and titania … more

Date: February 1, 1978

Creator: Taylor, W.E.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Laser cutting plastic materials

A 1000-watt CO/sub 2/ laser has been demonstrated as a reliable production machine tool for cutting of plastics, high strength reinforced composites, and other nonmetals. More than 40 different plastics have been laser cut, and the results are tabulated. Applications for laser cutting described include fiberglass-reinforced laminates, Kevlar/epoxy composites, fiberglass-reinforced phenolics, nylon/epoxy laminates, ceramics, and disposable tooling made from acrylic.

Date: August 1, 1980

Creator: Van Cleave, R.A.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Heat exchanger method: ingot casting; fixed abrasive method: multi-wire slicing (Phase II). Silicon sheet growth development for the Large Area Silicon Sheet Task of the Low Cost Silicon Solar Array Project. Quarterly progress report No. 1, November 21, 1977--December 31, 1977

A high degree of crystallinity has been achieved in ingots cast. Since most of the growth took place near the solidification temperature, the top portion of the ingot was solidified by freezing from the surface. The thickness of this layer was reduced with the control of thermal flow characteristics in the furnace. The crucibles used in this study have a nonuniform bottom which is not conducive to proper heat transfer during solidification. In an effort to achieve high packing density of solar … more

Date: January 6, 1978

Creator: Schmid, F. & Khattak, C.P.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Sequential purification and crystal growth for the production of low cost silicon substrates. Quarterly technical progress report No. 1, 15 September 1979-31 December 1979

Over the past several years, Motorola's Materials Technology Laboratory (MTL), has been conducting several projects with goals directed at the production of high quality low cost silicon crystals. One of the projects which is being investigated is the direct purification of MG-Si. A unique characteristic of the approach used by this project is the use of a crystal puller to perform both purification and crystal growth. Sequential steps of purification were taken. By the completion of this … more

Date: February 1, 1980

Creator: Liaw, M.; Secco, F.; Ingle, B. & Down, D.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Los Alamos transuranic waste size reduction facility

A transuranic (TRU) Waste Size Reduction Facility (SRF) was designed and constructed at the Los Alamos National Laboratory during the period of 1977 to 1981. This paper summarizes the engineering development, installation, and early test operations of the SRF. The facility incorporates a large stainless steel enclosure fitted with remote handling and cutting equipment to obtain an estimated 4:1 volume reduction of gloveboxes and other bulky metallic wastes.

Date: January 1, 1982

Creator: Briesmeister, A.; Harper, J.; Reich, B. & Warren, J.L.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Improved fabrication of HgI/sub 2/ nuclear radiation detectors by machine-cleaving

The perfection of machine-cleaved sections from HgI/sub 2/ bulk crystals was examined. The perfection of the machine-cleaved sections as established by gamma diffraction rocking curves was found to be much better than the perfection of hand-cleaved sections or as grown thin platelets, reaching a perfection similar to that of the wire-sawn sections of HgI/sub 2/. A correlation between the perfection and the thickness of the machine-cleaved section was also found, i.e., the thicker the cleaved-se… more

Date: January 1, 1982

Creator: Levi, A.; Burger, A.; Schieber, M.; Vandenberg, L.; Yellon, W.B. & Alkire, R.W.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Heat exchanger-ingot casting/slicing process. Silicon Sheet Growth Development for the Large Area Silicon Sheet Task of the Low Cost Silicon Solar Array Project. Eighth quarterly progress report, July 1, 1977--September 30, 1977

Graded crucibles have been developed which are dense enough to avoid penetration of the molten silicon and weak enough to fracture during the cool-down cycle. These crucibles have been used to cast crack-free silicon ingots up to 3.3 kg. Significant progress has been made in the crystallinity of the samples cast. Solar cells made from one of the ingots have yielded over 9% conversion efficiency. The source of silicon carbide in the cast silicon has been identified, both theoretically and experi… more

Date: October 1, 1977

Creator: Schmid, F. & Khattak, C.P.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Automated array assembly. Quarterly report No. 5. [Cost analysis and factory design]

During this quarter, an interim 1982 factory was designed for the large-scale production of silicon solar cell array modules. The boundary conditions for this design are the use of Czochralski silicon crystals and $25/kg polycrystalline silicon. The objective is a large-scale production facility to meet an intermediate ERDA cost goal of $2.00/W in 1982. The approach was to first consider a panel design which could be expected to have a 20-year life and would also meet the JPL specification on m… more

Date: October 1, 1977

Creator: D'Aiello, R.V.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Frictional heating and convective cooling of polycrystalline diamond drag tools during rock cutting

A numerical-analytical model is developed to predict temperatures in stud-mounted polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) drag tools during rock cutting. Experimental measurements of the convective heat transfer coefficient for PDC cutters are used in the model to predict temperatures under typical drilling conditions with fluid flow. The analysis compares favorably with measurements of frictional temperatures in controlled cutting tests on Tennessee marble. It is shown that mean cutter wearflat … more

Date: January 1, 1982

Creator: Ortega, A. & Glowka, D.A.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Cost of Czochralski wafers as a function of diameter

The impact of diameter in the range of 10 to 15 cm on the cost of wafers sliced from Czochralski ingots is analyzed. Increasing silicon waste and decreasing ingot cost with increasing ingot size are estimated along with projected costs. Results indicate a small but continuous decrease in sheet cost with increasing ingot size in this size range. Sheet costs including silicon are projected to be $50 to $60/m/sup 2/ (1980 $) depending upon technique used.

Date: February 15, 1980

Creator: Leipold, M.H.; Radics, C. & Kachare, A.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Laser cutting system for nuclear fuel disassembly

A significant advancement in fuel reprocessing technology has been made by utilizing a multikilowatt, carbon dioxide laser to perform cutting operations necessary to remove unprocessible hardware from reactor fuel assemblies. 10 figs.

Date: January 1, 1985

Creator: Weil, B.S.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Silicon ingot casting - heat exchanger method multi-wire slicing - fixed abrasive slicing technique, Phase III. Silicon sheet growth development for the large area sheet task of the Low-Cost Solar Array Project. Quarterly progress report No. 2, January 1-March 31, 1979

Several 20 cm diameter silicon ingots, up to 6.3 kg, have been cast with good crystallinity. It has been found that the graphite heat zone can be purified by heating it to high temperatures in vacuum. This is important in reducing costs and purification of large parts. Electroplated wires with 45 ..mu..m synthetic diamonds and 30 ..mu..m natural diamonds have shown good cutting efficiency and lifetime. During slicing of a 10 cm x 10 cm workpiece, jerky motion occurred in the feed and rocking me… more

Date: April 1, 1979

Creator: Schmid, F. & Khattak, C.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Progress report 13 for April 1979-August 1979 and proceedings of the 13th project integration meeting

This report describes progress made by the Low-Cost Solar Array Project during the period April through August 1979. It includes reports on project analysis and integration; technology development in silicon material, large-area sheet silicon, and encapsulation; production process and equipment development; engineering and operations, and a discussion of the steps taken to integrate these efforts. It includes a report on, and copies of viewgraphs presented at the Project Integration Meeting hel… more

Date: January 1, 1979

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Laser cutting of Kevlar laminates

An investigation has been conducted of the use of laser energy for cutting contours, diameters, and holes in flat and shaped Kevlar 49 fiber-reinforced epoxy laminates as an alternate to conventional machining. The investigation has shown that flat laminates 6.35 mm thick may be cut without backup by using a high-powered (1000-watt) continuous wave CO/sub 2/ laser at high feedrates (33.87 mm per second). The cut produced was free of the burrs and delaminations resulting from conventional machin… more

Date: September 1977

Creator: VanCleave, R. A.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Studies of the frictional heating of polycrystalline diamond compact drag tools during rock cutting

A numerical-analytical model is developed to analyze temperatures in polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) drag tools subject to localized frictional heating at a worn flat area and convective cooling at exposed lateral surfaces. Experimental measurements of convective heat transfer coefficients of PDC cutters in a uniform crossflow are presented and used in the model to predict temperatures under typical drilling conditions with fluid flow. The analysis compares favorably with measurements of … more

Date: June 1, 1982

Creator: Ortega, A. & Glowka, D.A.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Pilot scale, alpha disassembly and decontamination facility at the Savannah River Laboratory

An alpha-contained pilot facility is being built at the Savannah River Laboratory (SRL) for research into the disassembly and dcontamination of noncombustible, Transuranic (TRU) waste. The design and program objectives for the facility are presented along with the initial test results from laboratory scale decontamination experiments with Pu-238 and Cm-244.

Date: January 1, 1982

Creator: Cadieux, J. R.; Becker, G. W., Jr.; Richardson, G. W. & Coogler, A. L.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Slicing of silicon into sheet material. Final report, January 9, 1976-September 30, 1979

Complete results, from raw data to interpretation to recommendations, of a program to investigate the use of multiblade slurry sawing to produce silicon wafers from ingots are presented. During the course of this program, the commercially available state of the art process was improved by 20% in terms of area of silicon wafers produced from an ingot. The process was improved 34% on an experimental basis. Production of 20 wafers per centimeter length of 100 mm diameter ingot is now possible on a… more

Date: September 21, 1979

Creator: Fleming, J R; Holden, S C & Wolfson, R G

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Slicing of silicon into sheet material. Silicon sheet growth development for the large area silicon sheet task of the low cost silicon solar array project. Sixth quarterly report, June 18, 1977--September 18, 1977

The ''Multiple Blade Alignment Device'' has been reported to JPL as a New Technology item, and is currently being reviewed for patent potential. The device has proven difficult to install on a blade package. Successful engagement of the device has resulted in an intrinsic parallelism of the ends of the package to within 3..mu.., compared to standard errors prior to correction of over 50..mu... Measurements of blade misalignment indicate an average runout of 50..mu.. in a 220 blade package. This… more

Date: September 30, 1977

Creator: Holden, S. C. & Fleming, J. R.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Slicing of silicon into sheet material. Silicon sheet growth development for the large area silicon sheet task of the Low Cost Silicon Solar Array Project. Fifth quarterly report, March 21, 1977--May 27, 1977

The multiblade slurry technique capable of slicing 10 cm ingot into wafers 0.25 mm thick with only 0.20 mm kerf loss and 98% yield has been demonstrated. The total silicon requirement represents an ingot to sheet conversion of 0.95 m/sup 2//kg. Full production slicing tests have demonstrated the cost of MS slicing to contribute $40 to $50/m/sup 2/, with ''best effort'' estimates for today's configuration to be $30 to $35/m/sup 2/. By reducing material cost, and increasing the specific capacity … more

Date: July 7, 1977

Creator: Holden, S. C. & Fleming, J. R.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Development of methods of producing large areas of silicon sheet by the slicing of silicon ingots using inside diameter (ID) saws. First quarterly report

An STC 16 inch automated ID slicing machine (Model SMA-4401) is being used for this effort. The saw has been modified to accept an STC Programmable Electric Feed System, STC Crystal Rotating System and an STC Dyna-Track Blade Monitoring and Control System. The saw and accessories will be used to slice 100 mm diameter single crystal silicon ingots while rotating them. The automated saw will automatically recover the wafers and load them into a cassette. The amount of material lost during slicing… more

Date: January 1, 1979

Creator: Aharonyan, P.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Shaping particles for ultramicrotomy

A technique for preshaping large particles of reacted glass for ultramicrotomy is described. This technique preserves delicate surface layers and results in more sections per block extending deeper into the sample than other techniques.

Date: January 1, 1991

Creator: Bradley, C.R.; Dietz, N.L. & Bates, J.K.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Development of a fixed abrasive slicing technique (FAST) for reducing the cost of photovoltaic wafers

This report examines a wafer slicing technique developed by Crystal Systems, Inc. that reduces the cost of photovoltaic wafers. This fixed, abrasive slicing technique (FAST) uses a multiwire bladepack and a diamond-plated wirepack; water is the coolant. FAST is in the prototype production stage and reduces expendable material costs while retaining the advantages of a multiwire slurry technique. The cost analysis revealed that costs can be decreased by making more cuts per bladepack and slicing … more

Date: December 1, 1991

Creator: Schmid, F. (Crystal Systems, Inc., Salem, MA (United States))

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department