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in subjects: "Air Flow"

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A survey of air flow models for multizone structures

Air flow models are used to simulate the rates of incoming and outgoing air flows for a building with known leakage under given weather and shielding conditions. Additional information about the flow paths and air-mass flows inside the building can only by using multizone air flow models. In order to obtain more information on multizone air flow models, a literature review was performed in 1984. A second literature review and a questionnaire survey performed in 1989, revealed the existence of 5… more

Date: March 1, 1991

Creator: Feustel, H.E. & Dieris, J.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Optimal forced-air distribution in new housing

This paper summarizes a system integration approach to residential heating, cooling, and ventilation, embodied in a tight building envelope with precooling and dehumidification of forced ventilation air, and with ducts in the conditioned space.

Date: May 1, 1992

Creator: Andrews, J. W.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Measured Infiltration and Ventilation in Manufactured Homes : Residential Construction Demonstration Project, Cycle II.

Air infiltration is an important factor in heat loss and indoor air quality; in modern well-insulated homes, it may account for as much as half of the total heat loss. Due to the recent emphasis by home buyers and manufacturers on energy efficiency, tighter homes are being constructed. In the past, it was assumed that natural infiltration would provide adequate ventilation to maintain acceptable indoor air quality, but this is no longer the case in modern energy-efficient homes. This report sum… more

Date: April 28, 1992

Creator: Palmiter, Larry S.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Performance study of a thermal-envelope house: Phase II. Cooling performance. Final report

The thermal envelope house is shown to perform much better than conventional houses without mechanical refrigeration and better than one would expect from most passively cooled houses in the hot-humid climate of Georgia. Peak temperatures inside the house were 8 to 15/sup 0/F below peak ambient temperatures. Peak inside temperature measured during the test period was 80/sup 0/F with an outside ambient peak of 93/sup 0/F. Air flow rates within the envelope were less than 1 ft/sec even when the a… more

Date: January 1, 1981

Creator: Akridge, J. M. & Benton, C. C.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Numerical simulations of valley ventilation and pollutant transport

As a part of the siting methodology task for the DOE oil shale project the Los Alamos National Laboratory three-dimensional atmospheric models were used to assess potential environmental problems associated with future development of oil shale energy in Colorado. An area of 200 km x 200 km centered at Brush Creek, Colorado, where the ASCOT conducted extensive meteorological and tracer experiments in September/October 1984, was chosen as an initial simulation area. In this paper, preliminary sim… more

Date: January 1, 1985

Creator: Yamada, T.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Meteorological conditions during the winter validation study at Rocky Flats, Colorado: An overview

The objective for the Winter Validation Study was to gather field data for validation of the Terrain-Responsive Atmospheric Code (TRAC) under winter time meteorological conditions. Twelve tracer tests were conducted during a two-week period in February 1991. Each test lasted 12 hours, with releases of SF{sub 6} tracer from the Rocky Flats Plant near Golden, Colorado. The tests included ground-based and airborne sampling to 16 km from the release point. This presentation summarizes meteorologica… more

Date: November 6, 1991

Creator: Hodgin, C.R.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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ASHRAE Standard 62-1989: Energy, Cost, and Program Implications.

ASHRAE Standard 62-1989 (Standard 62-89) Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality'' is the new heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC) industry consensus for ventilation air in commercial buildings. Bonneville Power Administration (Bonneville) references ASHRAE Standard 62-81 (the predecessor to Standard 62-89) in their current environmental documents for required ventilation rates. Through its use, it had become evident to Bonneville that Standard 62-81 needed interpretation. No… more

Date: October 15, 1990

Creator: Steele, Tim R. & Brown, Marilyn A.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Hypothetical air ingress scenarios in advanced modular high temperature gas cooled reactors

Considering an extremely hypothetical scenario of complete cross duct failure and unlimited air supply into the reactor vessel of a modular high temperature gas cooled ractor, it is found that the potential air inflow remains limited due to the high friction pressure drop through the active core. All incoming air will be oxidized to CO and some local external burning would be temporarily possible in such a scenario. The accident would have to continue with unlimited air supply for hundreds of h… more

Date: January 1, 1988

Creator: Kroeger, P. G.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Multizone infiltration monitoring system

A multizone infiltration monitoring system (MIMS) using a single tracer gas has been developed. MIMS measures zonal infiltration and exfiltration as well as interzonal air movement rates. The system has been used at the 4-zone test house at the SERI interim field site, and this paper presents preliminary results. The present system can determine zonal infiltration rates, and the results show significant differences in infiltration rates for the various zones.

Date: June 1, 1982

Creator: Wortman, D.N.; Burch, J. & Judkoff, R.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Natural convection airflow and heat transport in buildings: experimental results

Observations of natural convection airflow in passive solar buildings are described. Particular results are given for two buildings supplementing other data already published. A number of generalizations based on the monitoring of the 15 buildings are presented. It is concluded that energy can be reasonably well distributed throughout a building by natural convection provided suitable openings are present and that the direction of heat transport is either horizontally across or upward.

Date: January 1, 1985

Creator: Balcomb, J.D. & Jones, G.F.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Removal of hydrogen sulfide from simulated geothermal brines by reaction with oxygen (II). Final report, July 1, 1977-December 31, 1978

Air was injected into simulated geothermal brines to determine if the costs and hazards of the hydrogen sulfide oxidation process could be substantially reduced. Oxygen was injected into a two-phase flow of simulated geothermal brine. The data obtained was to identify: the optimum oxygen to hydrogen sulfide mole ratio to remove the H/sub 2/S and still avoid the corrosion problem resulting from excess oxygen, the effect of varying sulfide levels on the effectiveness of oxygen injection and the o… more

Date: January 1, 1978

Creator: Southard, R. W.; Wilson, J. S. & Bullard, G. R.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Simplified Air Change Effectiveness Modeling

This paper describes recent progress in developing practical air change effectiveness modeling techniques for the design and analysis of air diffusion in occupied rooms. The ultimate goal of this continuing work is to develop a simple and reliable method for determining heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC) system compliance with ventilation standards. In the current work, simplified two-region models of rooms are used with six occupancy patterns to find the air change effectiveness… more

Date: June 1, 1992

Creator: Rock, B. A.; Anderson, R. & Brandemuehl, M. J.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Large climate-moderating envelopes for enclosed structures: a preliminary evaluation of energy conservation potential

An investigation was made of the basic impacts of putting a large secondary enclosure around a number of functions and thereby creating a Large Climate Moderating Envelope (LCME). This study is a preliminary estimate of the energy conservation benefits of an LCME. A hypothetical LMCE design was chosen and a coupled fluid dynamic and energy transport analysis was performed to estimate the energy conservation potential of this design. The heat transfer models included insolation, outside air temp… more

Date: December 1, 1981

Creator: Wendt, R. L.; Giles, G. E. & Park, J. E.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Investigation of free-forced convection flows in cavity-type receivers. Final yearly report, 1979-1980

A summary is provided of the first of three years of experimental and theoretical research on free-forced convection flows in cavity-type solar receivers. New experimental and theoretical results are presented and discussed. The implication of these findings, with respect to the future thrust of the research program, is clarified as well as is possible at the present time. Following various related conclusions a summary and tentative schedule of work projected for year two of research are prese… more

Date: January 1, 1982

Creator: Humphrey, J.A.C.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Numerical simulations of long-range pollutant transport from coast to inland mountainous regions

Kurita and Ueda (1986) presented an example of the long-range transport of pollutants which frequently occurs in summer in Japan light gradient wind conditions. High concentrations of photochemical oxidants were observed in late evenings in the mountainous region approximately 160 km northwest from the large industrial zone located along the Tokyo bay. Pollutants were apparently transported by the large-scale circulations produced by the combination of southwesterly valley winds induced by ther… more

Date: January 1, 1988

Creator: Yamada, Tetsuji; Bunker, S.S. & Niccum, E.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

MINET (Momentum Integral NETwork) analysis of MHTGR (Modular High Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor) moisture-ingress transient

The transient which involved a steam-generator tube leak and the ingress of moisture into the primary coolant system of the standard Modular Modular High Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor (MHTGR) is analyzed by using the MINET (Momentum Integral NETwork) computer code. The analysis provides detailed information on the effect of power excursion on transient system pressures and temperatures. It is concluded that during the short term transient period the moisture ingress presents no threat to the i… more

Date: January 1, 1987

Creator: Yang, J. W.; Kroeger, P. G.; Van Tuyle, G. J. & Aronson, A. L.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Residential Construction Demonstration Project, Cycle II: Active Ventilation

This report documents the analysis of the performance of natural and mechanical ventilation in Pacific Northwest homes. The analysis was part of Cycle II of the Residential Construction Demonstration Project, sponsored by Bonneville Power Administration (BPA). Since 1986, the Residential Construction Demonstration Project (RCDP) has sponsored the collection of data on energy efficient homes in the Pacific Northwest that comply with these new standards and requirements. Cycle II of RCDP was cond… more

Date: 1991~

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Ventilating-air change rate versus particulate contaminant spread

This study provides information on the spread of particulate contamination from glovebox leaks in plutonium manufacturing facilities, with emphasis on the effect of ventilating-air change rate on contaminated spread. A new, very sensitive aerosol tracer technique was developed to simulate plutonium aerosol leaks and its dispersion in a room. The tracer, a submicron aerosol of phloroglucinol, does not interfere with work activity and is detected by its ability to form ice crystals in a supercool… more

Date: November 13, 1987

Creator: Langer, G. & Deitesfeld, C. A.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Description and preliminary validation of a model for natural convection heat and air transport in passive solar buildings

We have proposed a transient, quasi-two-dimensional, numerical model for interzone heat flow and airflow in passive solar buildings. The paths for heat flow and airflow are through connecting apertures such as doorways, hallways, and stairways. The model includes the major features that influence interzone convection as determined from the results of our flow visualization tests and temperature and airflow measurements taken in more than a dozen passive solar buildings. The model includes lamin… more

Date: January 1, 1985

Creator: Jones, G.F. & Balcomb, J.D.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Influence of Geometry on Natural Convection in Buildings

Strong free convection airflows occur within passive solar buildings resulting from elevated temperatures of surfaces irradiated by solar energy compared with the cooler surfaces not receiving radiation. The geometry of a building has a large influence on the directions and magnitudes of natural airflows, and thus heat transfer between zones. This investigation has utilized a variety of reduced-scale building configurations to study the effects of geometry on natural convection heat transfer. S… more

Date: January 1, 1985

Creator: White, M. D.; Winn, C. B.; Jones, G. F. & Balcomb, J. D.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Energy conservation in electrostatic fabric filtration of industrial dust

Conservation in energy consumption in industrial fabric filtration systems has become very important due to the substantial increase in energy costs. Recently, an external electric field was utilized in the industrial dust control by fabric filters with very promising initial results. A substantial decrease in the pressure drop and an increase in collection efficiency were observed. The detailed outcome of the experimental research program in electrostatic fabric filtration was presented. The r… more

Date: December 1, 1981

Creator: Ariman, T.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Air-Leakage Control Manual.

This manual is for builders and designers who are interested in building energy-efficient homes. The purpose of the manual is to provide the how and why'' of controlling air leakage by means of a system called the Simple Caulk and Seal'' (SIMPLE{center dot}CS) system. This manual provides an overview of the purpose and contents of the manual; It discusses the forces that affect air leakage in homes and the benefits of controlling air leakage. Also discussed are two earlier approaches for contro… more

Date: May 1, 1991

Creator: Maloney, Jim; Office, Washington State Energy & Administration., United States. Bonneville Power

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Convective heat transfer inside passive solar buildings

Natural convection between spaces in a building can play a major role in energy transfer. Two situations are investigated: convection through a single doorway into a remote room, and a convective loop in a two-story house with a south sunspace where a north stairway serves as the return path. A doorway-sizing equation is given for the single-door case. Detailed data are given from the monitoring of airflow in one two-story house and summary data are given for five others. Observations on the na… more

Date: January 1, 1983

Creator: Jones, R.W.; Balcomb, J.D. & Yamaguchi, K.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Thermal-envelop stone house, solar. Final technical report

The purpose of this project is to create a comfortable, low-cost heating system for a single-family house, without dependence on non-renewable energy sources. I have attempted to combine a simple solar air-heating collector with the thermal envelop concept (for thermal air circulation) and massive interior stone walls for heat storage. All building materials, with the exception of the solar glazing material and certain other solar components, are inexpensive and locally produced. Examples are: … more

Date: May 19, 1982

Creator: Avery, S. C.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department