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in subjects: "Aerosol Wastes"

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Sonic enhanced ash agglomeration and sulfur capture

The major objective of the Phase 1 test program is to confirm the feasibility of the Manufacturing and Technology Conversion International, Inc. bimodal particle size approach to enhance particulate control by acoustic ash agglomeration. An ancillary objective of the Phase 1 effort is to demonstrate and confirm the feasibility of an acoustic field to enhance sulfur capture by increasing sorbent reactivity. Phase 1 tests are designed to cover the frequency range between 50 and 1400 Hz, establish… more

Date: January 1, 1991

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Acoustic agglomeration of power plant fly ash. Final report

The work has shown that acoustic agglomeration at practical acoustic intensities and frequencies is technically and most likely economically viable. The following studies were performed with the listed results: The physics of acoustic agglomeration is complex particularly at the needed high acoustic intensities in the range of 150 to 160 dB and frequencies in the 2500 Hz range. The analytical model which we developed, although not including nonlinear acoustic efforts, agreed with the trends obs… more

Date: January 1, 1982

Creator: Reethof, G. & McDaniel, O.H.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Optical properties of flyash

The general aims of this research are to provide a fundamental scientific basis for the physical understanding and reliable calculation of heat transfer in coal combustion systems, particularly as it is influenced by the presence of inorganic constituents deriving from mineral matter in coal. (VC)

Date: April 1, 1992

Creator: Self, S.A.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Evaluation of filter media for clarification of partially dissolved residues containing plutonium

A common process in the chemical industry employs the leaching of a desirable component from an insoluble substrate, followed by filtration to produce a clarified solution of the desirable component and a discardable residue. The work described here involved evaluating sintered metal filter media for separating dissolved plutonium from undissolved residues generated at various locations owned by the Department of Energy throughout the United States. The work was performed during a six-week assi… more

Date: October 9, 1989

Creator: Foley, E.S.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Research on thermophoretic and inertial aspects of ash particle deposition on heat exchanger surfaces in coal-fired equipment

The overall goal of this research in the area of ash transport was to advance the capability of making reliable engineering predictions of the dynamics and consequences of net deposit growth for surfaces exposed to the products of coal combustion. To accomplish this for a wide variety of combustor types, coal types, and operating conditions, this capability must be based on a quantitative understanding of each of the important mechanisms of mineral matter transport, as well as the nature of the… more

Date: May 1, 1990

Creator: Rosner, D.E.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Study of particle rebound characteristics and material erosion at high temperature

In this research an investigation was conducted to study the ash particle rebound characteristics and the associated erosion behavior of alloys and coatings which are widely used in gas and steam turbines. A three-component LDV system was used to measure the restitution parameters of 15 micron mean diameter coal ash particles impacting superalloys and coating at different angles. The presented results show the variation of the particle restitution ratios with the impingement angle for the coate… more

Date: April 1, 1992

Creator: Tabakoff, W.; Hamed, A.; Metwally, A. & Yeuan, J. (Cincinnati Univ., OH (United States). Dept. of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics)

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Mechanisms governing fine particulate emissions from coal flames

The overall objective of this project is to provide a basic understanding of the principal processes that govern fine particulate formation in pulverized coal flames. This understanding is to be sued to develop a model (or models) which will predict the yield and size distribution of fine particulate matter as a function of coal type, coal processing, and combustion conditions. The goal of the model is to provide an engineering tool that will enable the practitioner to estimate the consequences… more

Date: May 1, 1989

Creator: Newton, G. H.; Schieber, C.; Socha, R. G.; Clark, W. D. & Kramlich, J. C.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Soil attenuation of leachates from low-rank coal combustion wastes: a literature survey. [116 references]

In parallel with pursuing the goal of increased utilization of low-rank solid fuels, the US Department of Energy is investigating various aspects associated with the disposal of coal-combustion solid wastes. Concern has been expressed relative to the potential hazards presented by leachates from fly ash, bottom ash and scrubber wastes. This is of particular interest in some regions where disposal areas overlap aquifer recharge regions. The western regions of the United States are characterized … more

Date: January 1, 1984

Creator: Gauntt, R. O.; DeOtte, R. E.; Slowey, J. F. & McFarland, A. R.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Relative availability of selected trace elements from coal fly ash and Lake Michigan sediment

The concentration of greater than 1 ..mu..m coal fly ash particles in Lake Michigan surface waters was found to be 10/sup 5/ to 10/sup 6/ per liter. With an expected residence time of one year, this concentration implies a flux to the sediment of 10/sup 6/ to 10/sup 7/ particles/cm/sup 2//yr, or about 10/sup -6/ to 10/sup -5/ g/cm/sup 2//yr. The release of trace elements from fly ash and sediment has been studied using Chelex-100 resin to simulate leaching at high dilutions in natural media. Mn… more

Date: January 1, 1977

Creator: Alberts, J.J.; Burger, J.; Kalhorn, S.; Seils, C. & Tisue, T.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Mechanisms governing fine particulate emissions from coal flames

During this reporting period the global experiments were concluded. The final activities under these experiments involved measuring mineral content of coals as a function of coal particle size. The principal activities during this quarter involved the mechanistic experiments. Three baseline coals were cleaned and two of these sized. The ash from these various cuts were sampled from a bench scale reactor. The ash size distributions were compared to distributions predicted by the breakup model.

Date: October 1, 1989

Creator: Newton, G. H.; Schieber, C.; Socha, R. G.; Clark, W. D. & Kramlich, J. C.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Trace elements in the terrestrial environment of a coal-fired powerhouse

A coal-fired powerhouse at the Savannah River Plant, Aiken, South Carolina operated for more than 20 years without electrostatic precipitators and consumed about 360,000,000 kilograms of coal per year. Twenty-nine trace elements were measured in fly ash, and in samples of soil, vegetation, and ground water collected along a 29-km traverse centered on the powerhouse. There were statistically significant effects of the stack releases upon the concentration of Ba, Be, Cu, Hg, Mn, Se, and Sr in soi… more

Date: September 1, 1977

Creator: Horton, J. H.; Dorsett, R. S. & Cooper, R. E.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Advances in materials science, Metals and Ceramics Division. Triannual progress report, October 1979-January 1980

Progress is summarized concerning magnetic fusion energy materials, laser fusion energy, aluminium-air battery and vehicle, geothermal research, oil-shale research, nuclear waste management, office of basic energy sciences research, and materials research notes. (FS)

Date: March 31, 1980

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Solidification/stabilization of technetium in cement-based grouts

Mixed low-level radioactive and chemically hazardous process treatment wastes from the Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant are stabilized by solidification in cement-based grouts. Conventional portland cement and fly ash grouts have been shown to be effective for retention of hydrolyzable metals (e.g., lead, cadmium, uranium and nickel) but are marginally acceptable for retention of radioactive Tc-99, which is present in the waste as the highly mobile pertechnate anion. Addition of ground blast … more

Date: January 1, 1990

Creator: Gilliam, T. M.; Bostick, W. D.; Spence, R. D.; Shoemaker, J. L. (Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (USA); Oak Ridge Gaseous Diffusion Plant, TN (USA); Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (USA) et al.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Regenerative process for desulfurization of high temperature combustion and fuel gases. Quarterly progress report No. 5, April 1--June 30, 1977

The sulfation rate of reagent-grade monocalcium silicate is of the same order of magnitude as that of limestone and higher than that of reagent-grade calcium oxide. It has been confirmed that the sulfated monocalcium silicate is more regenerable than the sulfated lime, i.e., the regeneration rate is higher with the silicate. X-ray diffraction and IR absorption results indicate that silica is chemically bonded to the calcium sulfate in the sulfated calcium silicate. Construction of a micro-pilot… more

Date: January 1, 1977

Creator: Steinberg, M & Yang, R T

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Impact of RCRA on coal gasification wastes

Coal conversion processes offer the potential for almost every possible mode of environmental contamination. Potential environmental pollution will occur from huge streams of wastewater, scores of gaseous vents and enormous quantities of solid materials. The nature of the waste streams is of particular concern in view of the recently enacted Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). The passage and implementation of RCRA poses new levels of control for the traditional solid waste disposal … more

Date: August 1, 1979

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Acoustic agglomeration of power-plant fly ash. A comprehensive semi-annual progress report

Results obtained during the reporting period are presented. The agglomeration of submicron fly ash particles has been studied as a function of sound pressure level, sound frequency, loading, and exposure time. A second generation model of the agglomeration process is being developed. A high-frequency, high-intensity variable speed siren delivering at least 600 W at frequencies up to 4000 Hz has been developed and tested. Details on the design and operation are presented. The agglomeration chamb… more

Date: February 1, 1980

Creator: Reethof, G.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Hydrothermal reactions of fly ash

The reactions which occur when fly ash is treated under hydrothermal conditions will be investigated. Formation of four classes of compounds, which bracket likely fly ash compositional ranges, have been selected for study. These are calcium silicate hydrates, calcium silicosulfates, calcium aluminosulfates, and alkali aluminosilicates. The specific compounds fabricated will be determined and their stability regions assessed. As a part of stability assessment, the extent to which selected hazard… more

Date: January 1, 1991

Creator: Brown, P.W.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Quarterly report, 1 January-31 March 1980

Progress is reported in the following areas of research: characterization of organic pollutants emitted by fossil fuel processing and energy generating plants; environmental effects of using municipal solid wastes as a supplementary fuel; microbiological air quality at the Ames Municipal Solid Waste Recovery System; solid waste to methane environmental study; x-ray and ultraviolet excited optical luminescence (XEOL, UVEOL) of carcinogens - analytical possibilities; laser pumped luminescence (LP… more

Date: May 1, 1980

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Modules for estimating solid waste from fossil-fuel technologies

Solid waste has become a subject of increasing concern to energy industries for several reasons. Increasingly stringent air and water pollution regulations result in a larger fraction of residuals in the form of solid wastes. Control technologies, particularly flue gas desulfurization, can multiply the amount of waste. With the renewed emphasis on coal utilization and the likelihood of oil shale development, increased amounts of solid waste will be produced. In the past, solid waste residuals u… more

Date: October 1, 1980

Creator: Crowther, M.A.; Thode, H.C. Jr. & Morris, S.C.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Quarterly report, 1 October-31 December 1979

Date: March 1, 1980

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Investigation on the utilization of coal fly ash as amendment to compost for vegetation in acid soil

Application of fly ash-amended composts as manure enhances the crop yield of certain plants like corn, sorghum, collard and mustard greens. Organic compost made out of grass and leaves (home-made) is better than the commercial composts for amendment with fly ash. A 20--40% fly ash in the amended compost and a soil to ash-amended compost ratio of 3:1 are recommended for making bed for plantation. Organic compost mixed with fly ash, due to reduced porosity, will help the bed to retain water and c… more

Date: August 1, 1991

Creator: Menon, M.P.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Combustion of ultrafine coal/water mixtures and their application in gas turbines: Final report

The feasibility of using coal-water fuels (CWF) in gas turbine combustors has been demonstrated in recent pilot plant experiments. The demands of burning coal-water fuels with high flame stability, complete combustion, low NO/sub x/ emission and a resulting fly ash particle size that will not erode turbine blades represent a significant challenge to combustion scientists and engineers. The satisfactory solution of these problems requires that the variation of the structure of CWF flames, i.e., … more

Date: October 1, 1987

Creator: Toqan, M.A.; Srinivasachar, S.; Staudt, J.; Varela, F. & Beer, J.M.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Preliminary radiological impact assessment of western coal utilization

This research program was initiated to: (1) delineate the scope of the potential environmental and human health problem associated with radioactivity in Western coal; (2) establish a data base for /sup 234/U, /sup 238/U, /sup 210/Pb, /sup 210/Po, /sup 230/Th and /sup 226/Ra found in Western coal; (3) study the release, fate, and accumulation of radionuclides from a power plant burning Western coal; and (4) assess the possible need for additional control technology and/or standards. Preliminary … more

Date: January 1, 1977

Creator: Styron, C.E. & Robinson, B.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Health effects of fossil-fuel combustion products: needed research

An examination is made of the research needed to expand and clarify the understanding of the products of fossil-fuel combustion, chiefly that taking place in stationary sources of power. One of the specific objectives that guided the study on which this report is based was to identify the pollutants potentially hazardous to man that are released into the environment in the course of the combustion of fossil fuels. The hazards of principal concern are those which could cause deleterious, long-te… more

Date: January 1, 1980

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department