26 Matching Results

Search Results

Advanced search parameters have been applied.

in creator/contributor: "Smith, D. H."

open access

Mass-spectrometric measurements for nuclear safeguards

The need of an on-site inspection device to provide isotopic ratio measurements led to the development of a quadrupole mass spectrometer mounted in a van. This mobile laboratory has the ability, through the use of the resin bead technique, to acquire, prepare, and analyze samples of interest to nuclear safeguards. Precision of the measurements is about 1 to 2%.

Date: January 1, 1982

Creator: Carter, J. A.; Smith, D. H. & Walker, R. L.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Resin bead methodology as applied to fuel burn-up and fissile inventories

A new technique has been developed that allows acquisition of samples from matrices difficult to access. While the examples given in this paper are from the nuclear field, the technique is readily modified to address other areas. The technique involves obtaining samples on resin beads; each bead then comprises a sample for mass spectrometric analysis. Through the application of isotope dilution, concentrations of the target elements can be obtained in addition to their isotopic compositions. Ex… more

Date: January 1, 1986

Creator: Smith, D. H.; Walker, R. L. & Carter, J. A.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Resin bead U and PU analysis of WAK input solutions: a statistical summary of experiment No. 1

A statistical analysis of the resin bead experimental data was made to identify sources of variations among the measurements of isotopic atom ratios and elemental concentrations of plutonium and uranium. Comparisons among treatment means of the analytical laboratory and the resin bead preparation methods are tabulated using Duncan's multiple range test.

Date: June 1, 1980

Creator: Bayne, C. K.; Carter, J. A.; Smith, D. H. & Walker, R. L.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Development of a fracture network: a block and springs model

Since flow in fractured reservoirs is significantly enhanced by clusters of inter-connecting fractures, it's important to understand their inter-connectedness. In these fractured reservoirs, one often finds two sets of fractures due to two separate geologic events. We have developed a blocks and springs model to study how the second generation fractures intersect the first generation of. We find a percolation-like transition where the cluster size grows with increasing strain leading to system-… more

Date: March 1, 2008

Creator: Ferer, M. V.; Jozwick, A. & Smith, D. H.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Analysis of U and Pu resin bead samples with a single stage mass spectrometer

Resin bead sampling enables the shipment of nanogram U and Pu quantities for analysis. Application of this sampling technique to safeguards was investigated with a single-stage mass spectrometer. Standards gave results in good agreement with NBS certified values. External precisions of +-0.5% were obtained on isotopic ratios of approx. 0.01; precisions on quantitative measurements are +-1.0%. (DLC)

Date: January 1, 1979

Creator: Smith, D. H.; Walker, R. L.; Bertram, L. K. & Carter, J. A.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Application of Diode Lasers to Resonance Ionization Mass Spectrometry

Detailed studies of the application of diode lasers to resonance ionization mass spectrometry (RIMS) have been made. These devices were used to excite the first transition of several 1+1+1 multiple photon processes for both lanthanum 138 and 139. Enhanced isotopic selectivity resulted; very-high resolution spectra were also obtained with the diode laser step to yield new atomic hyperfine structure constants. 4 refs., 3 figs.

Date: January 1, 1990

Creator: Young, J. P.; Shaw, R. W. & Smith, D. H.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Quadrupole mass spectrometer for a mobile laboratory to measure isotope ratios

A mobile laboratory has been assembled for on-site inspection of plant operations handlng special nuclear materials. The isotopic composition of U, Pu, and other elements can be analyzed using a quadrupole mass spectrometer. Some results of analysis of uranium and boron standards are given. (DLC)

Date: January 1, 1981

Creator: Walton, J. R.; Smith, D. H.; McKown, H. S. & Carter, J. A.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Safeguards Analytical Laboratory evaluation program. Part 1. Resin bead mass spectrometry. Part 2. Results of a resin bead field experiment-Tastex-J

The first part of this report covers background of resin bead spectrometry and the new batch resin bead method. In the original technique, about ten anion resin beads in the nitrate form were exposed to the diluted sample solution. The solution was adjusted to be a 8 M HNO/sub 3/ and to have about 1 ..mu..g U per bead. Up to 48 hours of static contact between beads and solution was required for adsorption of 1 to 3 ng Pu and U per bead to be achieved. Under these conditions, contamination was a… more

Date: January 1, 1981

Creator: Walker, R. L.; Smith, D. H.; Carter, J. A.; Musick, W. R.; Donohue, D. L.; Deron, S. et al.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

A combined volumetric verification procedure based on bubble-tube manometry and lutetium spike

Bubble-tube manometry is the most accurate currently available method for precision volumetric measurements of solutions in process tanks containing special nuclear materials. Bubble tubes installed in the accountability tank by the facility operator are instrumented with a precision pressure transducer and a programmable pneumatic multiplexing system. In a process-solution measurement technique currently under development, a spike solution containing a known amount of lutetium is added to the … more

Date: August 1, 1994

Creator: Lemley, J. R.; Suda, S.; Keisch, B.; Belew, W. & Smith, D. H.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Vegetation and soil sampling for detection of enrichment facilities

The concept of being able to detect clandestine nuclear operations rests on the fact that they invariably lose material characteristic of the process to the environment. This material can be collected and characterized using highly sensitive analytical techniques. The extent to which these signatures penetrate the environment depends on the type of process and the care taken at the facility to control losses. An enrichment facility that uses UF{sub 6}, a gas, will tend to lose more than a react… more

Date: June 1, 1994

Creator: Smith, D. H.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Investigation of quantification of SIMS data: analysis of NBS glass and iron standards

Thirteen NBS glass and five NBS iron standards have been analyzed by the ion microprobe mass analyzer (IMMA) in the authors' laboratory. Data from all standards have been processed via a theoretical model and a pragmatic comparative approach (sensitivity factor). Results from the two approaches are compared, and detailed charts and plots are presented to assist in interpretation and to serve as guides in future work.

Date: June 1, 1977

Creator: Smith, D. H. & Christie, W. H.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Practical aspects of the resin bead technique for mass spectrometric sample loading

Using an anion resin bead as a loading vehicle for uranium and plutonium samples which are to be analyzed isotopically in a mass spectrometer has many advantages over conventional techniques. It is applicable to any laboratory routinely performing such analyses, but should be particularly relevant for Safeguards' purposes. Because the techniques required differ markedly from those of conventional methods, this report has been written to describe them in detail to enable those unfamiliar with th… more

Date: July 1, 1976

Creator: Walker, R. L.; Pritchard, C. A.; Carter, J. A. & Smith, D. H.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Instruction manual for ORNL tandem high abundance sensitivity mass spectrometer

This manual describes the physical characteristics of the tandem mass spectrometer built by Oak Ridge National Laboratory for the International Atomic Energy Agency. Specific requirements met include ability to run small samples, high abundance sensitivity, good precision and accuracy, and adequate sample throughput. The instrument is capable of running uranium samples as small as 10/sup -12/ g and has an abundance sensitivity in excess of 10/sup 6/. Precision and accuracy are enhanced by a spe… more

Date: June 1, 1976

Creator: Smith, D. H.; McKown, H. S.; Chrisite, W. H.; Walker, R. L. & Carter, J. A.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Detection of uranium enrichment activities using environmental monitoring techniques

Uranium enrichment processes have the capability of producing weapons-grade material in the form of highly enriched uranium. Thus, detection of undeclared uranium enrichment activities is an international safeguards concern. The uranium separation technologies currently in use employ UF{sub 6} gas as a separation medium, and trace quantities of enriched uranium are inevitably released to the environment from these facilities. The isotopic content of uranium in the vegetation, soil, and water ne… more

Date: March 30, 1993

Creator: Belew, W. L.; Carter, J. A.; Smith, D. H. & Walker, R. L.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Foams and surfactants for improved underground storage of natural gas by blockage of water cooling

Foam blockage to alleviate water coning during the retrieval stage appears to be the simplest, least expensive, and most easily commercialized foam-based technology for improving the underground storage of natural gas. This paper describes effects of injection rate, surfactant concentration, NaCl salinity, and divalent ions on measured aqueous-phase and gaseous-phase relative permeabilities, as well as why these data are needed for modeling the process and designing single-well field tests.

Date: December 31, 1993

Creator: Smith, D. H. & Jikich, S. A.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Independent verification of reprocessing input and process volumes. Progress report

One of the most difficult challenges in the nuclear fuel cycle is to establish a material balance for tanks containing spent fuel solutions. These tanks present an extremely hostile environment to the analyst, making determination of the amount of fissile material in them difficult. Historic methods used to determine the volumes of solutions in these tanks are usually based on use of tank geometry in conjunction with depth and density measurements, both of which vary with temperature and are no… more

Date: April 1, 1995

Creator: Smith, D. H.; Turner, M. L.; McBay, E. H.; Lewis, B. E.; Hobson, D. E. & Ehinger, M. H.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Recent trends in inorganic mass spectrometry

The field of inorganic mass spectrometry has seen substantial change in the author`s professional lifetime (over 30 years). Techniques in their infancy 30 years ago have matured; some have almost disappeared. New and previously unthought of techniques have come into being; some of these, such as ICP-MS, are reasonably mature now, while others have some distance to go before they can be so considered. Most of these new areas provide fertile fields for researchers, both in the development of new … more

Date: October 1, 1996

Creator: Smith, D. H.; Barshick, C. M.; Duckworth, D. C. & Riciputi, L. R.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Summary report of TASTEX Task J: resin beam mass spectrometry for safeguards

Our involvement with the TASTEX program is described in Task J; progress on this task during FY-1978 is described. This task involves collaboration with the Japanese at the Tokai reprocessing facility to evolve a sampling scheme suitable for use by International Atomic Energy Agency inspectors. The samples would be taken on resin beads and shipped in that form; because of the small quantities of material involved in this sampling technique, health hazards during transport are eliminated and cos… more

Date: October 1, 1978

Creator: Carter, J. A.; Smith, D. H. & Walker, R. L.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Analysis of femtogram-sized plutonium samples

This report describes a study to determine how well isotopic ratios can be measured for very small samples of plutonium. Resin beads were used to simulate particles; for samples ranging from 5--16 fg, collection efficiencies (ions collected per atom loaded) of 4--9% were obtained. Isotopic ratios with 4% precision and accuracy (240/239) were obtained.

Date: January 1, 1994

Creator: Smith, D. H.; McKown, H. S.; Bostick, D. T.; Coleman, R. M.; Duckworth, D. C. & McPherson, R. L.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

New FORTRAN computer programs to acquire and process isotopic mass spectrometric data: Operator`s manual

This TM is one of a pair that describes ORNL-developed software for acquisition and processing of isotope ratio mass spectral data. This TM is directed at the laboratory analyst. No technical knowledge of the programs and programming is required. It describes how to create and edit files, how to acquire and process data, and how to set up files to obtain the desired results. The aim of this TM is to serve as a utilitarian instruction manual, a {open_quotes}how to{close_quotes} approach rather t… more

Date: September 1, 1993

Creator: Smith, D. H. & McKown, H. S.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Assessment of resonance ionization mass spectrometry for analytical chemistry and spectroscopy

Resonance ionization mass spectrometry (RIMS) is a natural outgrowth of RIS. The result of an RIS process is an ion pair. The electron can be used to detect the process, and single atom detection has been demonstrated by this method. The cation resulting from the RIS process actually carries more easily accessible and useful information (i.e. the mass of the ion). RIMS is useful in mass analysis. The development of RIMS has proceeded along several different directions, using CW or pulsed lasers… more

Date: April 20, 1984

Creator: Young, J. P.; Donohue, D. L. & Smith, D. H.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

The relationship between self-monitoring and organizational citizenship behavior

Organizational citizenship behavior is behavior which is discretionary on the part of the individual, not recognized by the organizational reward system, yet contributes to the effectiveness of the organization. In this study the relationship between self-monitoring and organizational citizenship behavior was examined. Support was found for the hypothesis that individuals high in self-monitoring are also more likely to perform organizational citizenships behaviors. Implications for management a… more

Date: October 1996

Creator: Blakely, G. L.; Fuller, J. & Smith, D. H.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Evaluation of the uranium double spike technique for environmental monitoring

Use of a uranium double spike in analysis of environmental samples showed that a {sup 235}U enrichment of 1% ({sup 235}U/{sup 238}U = 0.00732) can be distinguished from natural ({sup 235}U/{sup 238}U = 0.00725). Experiments performed jointly at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) and Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) used a carefully calibrated double spike of {sup 233}U and {sup 236}U to obtain much better precision than is possible using conventional analytical techniques. A variety of d… more

Date: January 1, 1998

Creator: Hemberger, P. H.; Rokop, D. J.; Efurd, D. W.; Roensch, F. R.; Smith, D. H.; Turner, M. L. et al.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Metal Mesh Smear Sampling for Glow Discharge Analytical Spectroscopy

Metal mesh smear sampling is being developed and evaluated for use in a number of glow discharge and other optical and mass spectrometric techniques. Sensitive elemental and isotopic analyses thus will be coupled with a convenient sampling scheme similar to one that is common for radiological surveys.

Date: June 1, 2000

Creator: Shaw, R. W.; Barshick, C. M.; Ramsey, J. M. & Smith, D. H.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department