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Removal of radioisotopes from the Columbia River by natural processes

Description: Some radioisotopes are introduced into the Columbia River by return of the water used to cool the Hanford reactors. Trace amounts of both fission product and activation product radioisotopes are present and measurable by sensitive radiochemical methods to allow determination of the self-purification processes occurring as the water moves downstream. By comparing the radioisotope input at given times with the amounts present in the river after traveling downstream, a measure of the self-purifica… more
Date: April 10, 1962
Creator: Nielsen, J. M. & Perkins, R. W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Investigation of radon-222 emissions from underground uranium mines. Progress report No. 2

Description: A reliable estimate of radon emissions to the environment from underground uranium mines was obtained through measurements of radon in ventilation exhaust air at 24 uranium mines and estimates of radon release from ore piles and waste piles at mines and in water pumped from mines. Three additional mines sampled in 1978 but not in 1979 were included in the overall results. Total production of U/sub 3/O/sub 8/ from the mines thus far sampled represent about 63% of total 1978 US production from un… more
Date: February 1, 1980
Creator: Jackson, P. O.; Glissmeyer, J. A.; Enderlin, W. I.; Schwendiman, L. C.; Wogman, N. A. & Perkins, R. W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Field and modeling study of windblown particles from a uranium mill tailings pile. Interim report

Description: A field study is reported, showing that for a carbonate-leach-process mill tailings pile in the Grants, New Mexico region much of the residual radioactive constituents in the tailings is found associated with particles 7 ..mu..m in diameter and smaller. As the tailings material dries, particle attachment and aggregation occurs with the result that radioactive constituents become associated more with larger particles. Soil samples taken at surface and subsurface on radial lines extending from th… more
Date: April 1, 1979
Creator: Schwendiman, L. C.; Sehmel, G. A.; Horst, T. W.; Thomas, C. W. & Perkins, R. W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Radionuclide disequilibria studies for investigating the integrity of potential nuclear waste disposal sites: subseabed studies.

Description: This study of subseabed sediments indicates that natural radionuclides can be employed to define past long-term migration rates and thereby evaluate the integrity of potential disposal sites in ocean sediments. The study revealed the following conclusions: (1) the sedimentation rate of both the long and short cores collected in the North Pacific is 2.5 mm/1000 yr or 2.5 m/m.yr in the upper 3 meters; (2) the sedimentation rate has been rather constant over the last one million years; and (3) slo… more
Date: September 1, 1981
Creator: Laul, J. C.; Thomas, C. W.; Petersen, M. R. & Perkins, R. W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Radon-222 emissions in ventilation air exhausted from underground uranium mines

Description: The /sup 222/Rn concentration in exhaust air is being measured at underground uranium mines in the Grants, New Mexico area. The objectives of the work are to determine relationships between U/sub 3/O/sub 8/ production and the mine characteristics and practices relative to /sup 222/Rn emission. Concentrations in the vent air from two mines ranged from 80 nCi/m/sup 3/ to 3800 nCi/m/sup 3/ during a month of observations. Diurnal radon emission patterns were seen for each mine which were inversely … more
Date: September 1, 1979
Creator: Jackson, P. O.; Perkins, R. W.; Schwendiman, L. C.; Wogman, N. A.; Glissmeyer, J. A. & Enderlin, W. I.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Fallout concentrations of 12 radionuclides in air: 1962 through mid-1964

Description: Newly developed multidimensional gamma-ray spectrometric counting techniques permit the direct measurement of twelve fallout radionuclides on air filters. Observed concentrations of Be{sup 7}, Na{sub 22}, Mn{sup 54}, Co{sup 60}, Y{sup 88}, Zr{sub 95}Nb{sup 95}, Ru{sup 106}, Sb{sup 124}, Sb{sup 125}, Cs{sup 134}, Cs{sup 137} and Ce{sup 144} during the past two and a half years help explain the origin and fallout rates of the trace radionuclides in air. 14 refs., 1 tab.
Date: June 17, 1964
Creator: Perkins, R. W.; Nielsen, J. M. & Thomas, C. W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Results of a test of sampling in I{sup 131} plumes

Description: On September 13 and 14, 1962, 8.3 curies of iodine-131 were emitted from the Hanford Redox Plant at a rate of from 0.35 to 0.65 curies per hour for a period of approximately 18 hours. During the emission, the plume trajectories were plotted from meteorological data and samples were collected across the predicted plume trajectories at several altitudes and at distances up to 50 miles from the Plant. Filter, charcoal trap, and air samples were collected during the emission using aircraft; and cau… more
Date: April 18, 1963
Creator: Brouns, R. J.; Fuquay, J. J.; Simpson, C. L.; Soldat, J. K.; Brauer, F. P. & Perkins, R. W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Radioisotope concentrations in the PRTR primary coolant and helium system during operation with a failed fuel element(s)

Description: Fission product measurements in the PRTR primary D{sub 2}O and helium systems during the startup tests in May 1961, showed the presence of a defective fuel elements(s). Reactor operation was discontinued during the latter part of May and during June for reactor maintenance and fuel element inspection. On resumption of operation on July 1, a sampling and analytical program was initiated to study the radioisotope concentrations resulting from this defective element(s) which were present in the pr… more
Date: September 7, 1961
Creator: Perkins, R. W. & Thomas, C. W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Identification of radionuclides of concern in Hanford Site environmental cleanup

Description: The purpose of this document is to consider which radionuclides should be included in conducting environmental surveys relative to site remediation at Hanford. During the operation of the Hanford site, the fission product radionuclides and a large number of activation products including the transuranic radionuclides were formed. The reactor operations and subsequent chemical processing and metallurgical operations resulted in the environmental release of gaseous and liquid effluents containing … more
Date: August 1, 1994
Creator: Perkins, R. W. & Jenquin, U. P.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The effect of chemical additives and coating materials on the adsorption of radionuclide parent elements of aluminum surfaces

Description: Laboratory studies have been conducted under simulated reactor operating conditions to determine the effect of various chemical additives and coatings on the adsorption of trace elements on aluminum surfaces. Of the materials tested, silicate additives and organic ink coatings were by far the most effective, reducing the adsorption of arsenic and phosphorus tracers by as much as one to three orders of magnitude. The laboratory techniques and results are discussed.
Date: December 26, 1962
Creator: Perkins, R. W. & Robertson, D. E.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Surface and subsurface characterization of uranium contamination at the Fernald environmental management site

Description: The past operations of uranium production and support facilities at several Department of Energy (DOE) sites have occasionally resulted in the local contamination of some surface and subsurface soils, and the three-dimensional distribution of the uranium at these sites must be thoroughly characterized before any effective remedial protocols can be established. To this end, Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL) has been tasked by the DOE`s Office of Technology Development with adapting, developing,… more
Date: April 1, 1993
Creator: Schilk, A. J.; Perkins, R. W.; Abel, K. H. & Brodzinski, R. L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Radioactive Fallout From Chinese Nuclear Weapons Test

Description: Radioactive fallout from this Chinese nuclear test resulted in measurable deposition of short-lived debris over much of the United States. The fallout levels varied by more than 1000-fold and showed significant temporary or spatial fractionation with higher levels of deposition being associated with rain. The particle size with which the airborne debris was associated decreased continuously with time following detonation and a substantial fraction of the {sup 131}I was associated with inorganic… more
Date: September 26, 1976
Creator: Thomas, C. W.; Soldat, J. K.; Silker, W. B. & Perkins, R. W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Current and potential technologies for the detection of radionuclide signatures of proliferation (R and D efforts)

Description: A country with the goal of developing nuclear weapons could pursue their ambition in several ways. These could range from the purchase or theft of a weapon or of the principal weapons components to a basic development program which may independently produce all the materials and components which are necessary. If the latter approach were pursued, there would be many signatures of such an effort and the more definitive of these include the actual materials which would be produced in each phase o… more
Date: March 1, 1993
Creator: Perkins, R. W. & Wogman, N. A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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A Field and Modeling Study of Windblown Particles from a Uranium Mill Tailings Pile

Description: An extensive field study whose primary objective was to obtain knowledge and understanding of the nature and quantity of windblown particles from uranium mill tailings piles was conducted in the Ambrosia Lake District of New Mexico. The following major field tasks were undertaken: determination of physical, chemical, and radioactivity characteristics of mill tailings particles; an investigation of the nature and quantity of tailings particles in soil in the vicinity of tailings piles; and the d… more
Date: June 1, 1980
Creator: Schwendiman, L. C.; Sehmel, G. A.; Horst, T. W.; Thomas, C. W. & Perkins, R. W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Workshop on Radiological Surveys in Support of the Edgemont Clean-up Action Program

Description: The Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Office of Nuclear Material Safety and Safeguards, has given Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL) the responsibility for the development of procedures for the identification of offsite structures and properties in the vicinity of Edgemont, South Dakota, that require remedial action because of elevated radiation levels caused by residual radioactivity as defined in the Uranium Mill Tailings Radiation Control Act of 1978. In order to acquaint interested investigato… more
Date: October 1, 1981
Creator: Perkins, R. W.; Young, J. A.; Jackson, P. O.; Thomas, V. W. & Schwendiman, L. C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

An anion exchange-precipitation procedure for the determination of Na{sup 24} in reactor effluent water

Description: The isotope Na{sup 24} is one of the major short half-life constituents of reactor effluent water. It has a half-life of 15 hours and decays of emission of a 1.39 MeV maximum beta particle. Other radioisotopes present in reactor effluent water from which Na{sup 24} must be separated are Si{sup 31}, P{sup 32}, Mn{sup 56}, Cu{sup 64}, As{sup 76}, Sr{sup 91--92}, Ba{sup 139--140} and rare earths. This report describes a rapid and very simple method for the quantitative determination of Na{sup 24} … more
Date: August 10, 1955
Creator: Perkins, R. W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Determination of atmospheric concentrations of xenon radioisotopes. Progress report

Description: Determination of radioactive xenon concentrations in the atmosphere over a two year period has been performed as part of a research program to develop real-time measurement capabilities. The initial measurements were made to develop, prove, and validate the authors technical approach, while the longer-term measurements are being undertaken to establish natural background concentrations and variability with time. The results reported were made using noble gas fraction (typically 90% Kr and 10% X… more
Date: July 1, 1995
Creator: Abel, K. H.; Panisko, M. E.; Hensley, W. K.; Bowyer, T. W. & Perkins, R. W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Environmental sampling and analysis as a safeguards tool

Description: Environmental sampling and radionuclide analysis of the resulting material can be utilized as a supplemental approach in safeguarding practices and particularly for detection of undeclared nuclear activities. The production of nuclear weapons could be pursued by uranium enrichment processes to produce highly enriched U-235 or by nuclear reactor operations followed by chemical separations to produce Pu-239. The application of either of these processes results in the production of signature mater… more
Date: March 1, 1994
Creator: Perkins, R. W.; Wogman, N. A. & Holdren, G. R.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Fission product aerosol behavior in the PRTR fuel rod failure of September 29, 1965

Description: On September 29, 1965, at 0150 a purposely defected partially molten fuel rod in the rupture loop test facility of the PRTR reactor failed in an unexpected manner. The rupture which resulted in a loss of about 30% of the UO{sub 2}-PuO{sub 2} fuel from the rod was accompanied by the formation of a hole of approximately 1/2 inch diameter in the surrounding process tube. The subsequent flashing of the highly contaminated superheated water, released a fission product aerosol to the containment vess… more
Date: November 22, 1965
Creator: Perkins, R. W.; Thomas, C. W. & Silker, W. B.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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