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in creator/contributor: "Miller, C. W."

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User's manual for DWNWND: an interactive Gaussian plume atmospheric transport model with eight dispersion parameter options

The most commonly used approach for estimating the atmospheric concentration and deposition of material downwind from its point of release is the Gaussian plume atmospheric dispersion model. Two of the critical parameters in this model are sigma/sub y/ and sigma/sub z/, the horizontal and vertical dispersion parameters, respectively. A number of different sets of values for sigma/sub y/ and sigma/sub z/ have been determined empirically for different release heights and meteorological and terrai… more

Date: May 1, 1980

Creator: Fields, D. E. & Miller, C. W.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Methodology for estimating sodium aerosol concentrations during breeder reactor fires

We have devised and applied a methodology for estimating the concentration of aerosols released at building surfaces and monitored at other building surface points. We have used this methodology to make calculations that suggest, for one air-cooled breeder reactor design, cooling will not be compromised by severe liquid-metal fires.

Date: January 1, 1985

Creator: Fields, D. E. & Miller, C. W.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Estimates of dose to the population within fifty miles due to noble gas releases from the Three Mile Island incident

Estimates have been made of the dose to the population within 80 km (50 miles) due to noble gas releases from the Three Mile Island Unit 2 incident for the period March 28 to April 15, 1979. Source term, meteorological, and monitoring data used in these estimates were supplied by the Task Group on Health Physics and Dosimetry of the President's Commission on the Accident at Three Mile Island. The 22.5/sup 0/ sector-averaged form of the Gaussian plume atmospheric dispersion model was used to cal… more

Date: January 1, 1980

Creator: Miller, C. W.; Cotter, S. J.; Moore, R. E. & Little, C. A.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Evaluation of uncertainties in selected environmental dispersion models

Compliance with standards of radiation dose to the general public has necessitated the use of dispersion models to predict radionuclide concentrations in the environment due to releases from nuclear facilities. Because these models are only approximations of reality and because of inherent variations in the input parameters used in these models, their predictions are subject to uncertainty. Quantification of this uncertainty is necessary to assess the adequacy of these models for use in determi… more

Date: January 1, 1979

Creator: Little, C. A. & Miller, C. W.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Comparison of observed and predicted normalized air concentrations for 56-m releases of fluorescein particles

Centerline ground-level normalized air concentration measurements made at Hanford, Washington, for the short-term release of fluorescein particles from a height of 56 m were compared with a Gaussian plume atmospheric dispersion model using two different sets of dispersion parameters and two different methods of classifying atmospheric stability. The ratio of the predicted air concentration to the observed air concentration is strongly dependent on the downwind distance being considered. All fou… more

Date: January 1, 1980

Creator: Miller, C. W.; Little, C. A. & Cotter, S. J.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Uncertainty estimates for predictions of the impact of breeder-reactor radionuclide releases

This paper summarizes estimates, compiled in a larger report, of the uncertainty associated with models and parameters used to assess the impact on man radionuclide releases to the environment by breeder reactor facilities. These estimates indicate that, for many sites, generic models and representative parameter values may reasonably be used to calculate doses from annual average radionuclide releases when these calculated doses are on the order of one-tenth or less of a relevant dose limit. F… more

Date: January 1, 1982

Creator: Miller, C. W. & Little, C. A.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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PREPAR: a user-friendly preprocessor to create AIRDOS-EPA input data sets

PREPAR is a FORTRAN program designed to simplify the preparation of input for the AIRDOS-EPA computer code. PREPAR was designed to provide a method for data entry that is both logical and flexible. It also provides default values for all variables, so the user needs only to enter those data for which the defaults should be changed. Data are entered either unformatted or via a user-selected format. A separate file of the nuclide-specific data needed by AIRDOS-EPA is read by PREPAR. Two utility p… more

Date: January 1, 1984

Creator: Sjoreen, A. L.; Miller, C. W. & Nelson, C. B.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Uncertainty associated with selected environmental transport models

A description is given of the capabilities of several models to predict accurately either pollutant concentrations in environmental media or radiological dose to human organs. The models are discussed in three sections: aquatic or surface water transport models, atmospheric transport models, and terrestrial and aquatic food chain models. Using data published primarily by model users, model predictions are compared to observations. This procedure is infeasible for food chain models and, therefor… more

Date: November 1, 1979

Creator: Little, C. A. & Miller, C. W.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Evaluation of models for assessing compliance with environmental radiation regulations

The use of environmental transport and dosimetry models to predict the consequences of radionuclide releases from nuclear facilities is discussed. It is pointed out that many input parameters, and hence the predictions, of these models have a high degree of variability. The determination of the uncertainties of the predictions of these models is essential for assessing the adequacy of their use to ensure compliance with radiation protection standards. Estimation of the depletion of an airborne … more

Date: January 1, 1977

Creator: Hoffman, F. O.; Shaeffer, D. L.; Miller, C. W. & Garten C. T. Jr.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Evaluation of 2004 Toyota Prius Hybrid Electic Drive System Interim Report - Revised

The 2004 Toyota Prius is a hybrid automobile equipped with a gasoline engine and a battery-powered electric motor. Both of these motive power sources are capable of providing mechanical drive power for the vehicle. The engine can deliver a peak power output of 57 kilowatts (kW) at 5000 revolutions per minute (rpm) while the motor can deliver a peak power output of 50 kW at 1300 rpm. Together, this engine-motor combination has a specified peak power output of 82 kW at a vehicle speed of 85 kilom… more

Date: July 31, 2007

Creator: Ayers, C. W.; Hsu, J. S.; Marlino, L. D.; Miller, C. W.; Ott, G. W., Jr.; Oland, C. B. et al.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Validation of Turner Workbook normalized air exposure predictions for surface level releases using Hanford dispersion data. [R]

In general, the methods used to determine atmospheric stability in assessment models depend upon the personal needs of the assessor. However, the results of this study indicate that for conditions similar to those prevailing during the Hanford tests and for the assumptions used with the Turner Workbook calculations, a method of atmospheric stability determination based on the vertical temperature gradient should be used if the assessor desires to insure some conservatism in his calculations of … more

Date: January 1, 1979

Creator: Miller, C. W.; Little, C. A. & Hoffman, F. O.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Simple model for fault-charged hydrothermal systems

A two-dimensional transient model of fault-charged hydrothermal systems has been developed. The model can be used to analyze temperature data from fault-charged hydrothermal systems, estimate the recharge rate from the fault, and determine how long the system has been under natural development. The model can also be used for theoretical studies of the development of fault-controlled hydrothermal systems. The model has been tentatively applied to the low-temperature hydrothermal system at Susanv… more

Date: August 1, 1981

Creator: Bodvarsson, G. S.; Miller, C. W. & Benson, S. M.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Numerical model of transient two phase flow in a geothermal well

The one-dimensional transient two phase flow in a geothermal well has been modeled with a finite difference approximation. The equations of mass, momentum and energy are solved using a partially implicit method. Terms that would place a severe time restriction on the calculation are solved implicitly while other terms are solved explicitly for computational ease and efficiency. The wellbore model includes heat and mass transfer and is coupled to a simple reservoir model. It is used to investiga… more

Date: July 1, 1979

Creator: Miller, C. W.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Comparison of observed and predicted short-term tracer gas concentrations in the atmosphere

The Savannah River Laboratory is in the process of conducting a series of atmospheric tracer studies. The inert gas sulfurhexafluoride is released from a height of 62 m for 15 min and concentrations in air are measured on sampling arcs up to 30 km downwind of the release point. Maximum 15 min. air concentrations from 14 of these tracer tests have been compared with the ground-level, centerline air concentration predicted with a Gaussian plume atmospheric transport model using eight different se… more

Date: January 1, 1985

Creator: Cotter, S. J.; Miller, C. W. & Lin, W. C. T.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Summary of estimated doses and risks resulting from routine radionuclide releases from fast breeder reactor fuel cycle facilities

A project is underway at Oak Ridge National Laboratory to assess the human health and environment effects associated with operation of Liquid Metal Fast Breeder Reactor fuel cycle. In this first phase of the work, emphasis was focused on routine radionuclide releases from reactor and reprocessing facilities. For this study, sites for fifty 1-GW(e) capacity reactors and three reprocessing plants were selected to develop scenarios representative of US power requirements. For both the reactor and … more

Date: January 1, 1985

Creator: Miller, C. W. & Meyer, H. R.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Local transport of vertically- and horizontally-emitted sodium oxide aerosols

Liquid-metal cooled breeder reactors are expected to use large quantities of sodium or sodium-potassium alloy, and evaluation of the possible consequences of a liquid-metal fire, henceforth referred to as a sodium fire, is an important consideration. Of particular interest is the sodium aerosol concentration at the air intake ports that are used for reactor cooling, and which might suffer restricted flow under high aerosol concentrations. We have devised and applied a methodology for estimating… more

Date: January 1, 1986

Creator: Fields, D. E.; Miller, C. W. & Cooper, A. C.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Uncertainties in environmental radiological assessment models and their implications

Environmental radiological assessments rely heavily on the use of mathematical models. The predictions of these models are inherently uncertain because these models are inexact representations of real systems. The major sources of this uncertainty are related to biases in model formulation and parameter estimation. The best approach for estimating the actual extent of over- or underprediction is model validation, a procedure that requires testing over the range of the intended realm of model ap… more

Date: January 1, 1983

Creator: Hoffman, F. O. & Miller, C. W.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Calculations of sodium aerosol concentrations at breeder reactor air intake ports

This report describes the methodology used and results obtained in efforts to estimate the sodium aerosol concentrations at air intake ports of a liquid-metal cooled, fast-breeder nuclear reactor. A range of wind speeds from 2 to 10 m/s is assumed, and an effort is made to include building wake effects which in many cases dominate the dispersal of aerosols near buildings. For relatively small release rates on the order of 1 to 10 kg/s, it is suggested that the plume rise will be small and that … more

Date: January 1, 1985

Creator: Fields, D. E. & Miller, C. W.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Simple model for fault-charged hydrothermal systems

Date: June 1, 1981

Creator: Bodvarsson, G. S.; Miller, C. W. & Benson, S. M.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Downhole pressure changes measured with a fluid filled capillary tube

An analysis was done on the transmission of a pressure signal through a small diameter (approx. = 0.14 cm) fluid transmission line. The effects of the viscosity and compressibility of the fluid, of the tubing size, and of the temperature changes with time were investigated. Both an oil and a nitrogen filled tube were considered. For a small disturbance, say 1% of the bulk modulus, the propagation of the pressure signal was characterized by a diffusion equation with a source term. For large dist… more

Date: July 1, 1979

Creator: Miller, C. W. & Zerzan, J. M.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Evaluation of selected predictive models and parameters for the environmental transport and dosimetry of radionuclides

Evaluations of selected predictive models and parameters used in the assessment of the environmental transport and dosimetry of radionuclides are summarized. Mator sections of this report include a validation of the Gaussian plume disperson model, comparison of the output of a model for the transport of /sup 131/I from vegetation to milk with field data, validation of a model for the fraction of aerosols intercepted by vegetation, an evaluation of dose conversion factors for /sup 232/Th, an eva… more

Date: July 1, 1979

Creator: Miller, C. W.; Dunning Jr., D. E.; Etnier, E. L.; Hoffman, F. O.; Little, C. A.; Meyer, H. R. et al.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Wellbore storage effects in geothermal wells

The early time response in the well testing of an homogeneous reservoir is expected to give a unit slope when log (pressure) is plotted versus log (time). It is shown that this response is a special case, and that in general another non-dimensional parameter must be defined to describe the set of curves that could take place for each value of C/sub D/. This parameter, t/sub Rw/, is the time response of the reservoir divided by the time response of the well. When t/sub Rw/ is large, a unit slope… more

Date: July 1, 1979

Creator: Miller, C. W.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

ANEMOS: A computer code to estimate air concentrations and ground deposition rates for atmospheric nuclides emitted from multiple operating sources

This code estimates concentrations in air and ground deposition rates for Atmospheric Nuclides Emitted from Multiple Operating Sources. ANEMOS is one component of an integrated Computerized Radiological Risk Investigation System (CRRIS) developed for the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for use in performing radiological assessments and in developing radiation standards. The concentrations and deposition rates calculated by ANEMOS are used in subsequent portions of the CRRIS for estimat… more

Date: November 1, 1986

Creator: Miller, C. W.; Sjoreen, A. L.; Begovich, C. L. & Hermann, O. W.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Recommendations concerning research and model evaluation needs to support breeder reactor environmental radiological assessments

Purpose of this report is to present recommendations concerning needs for model evaluations, environmental research, and biomedical research to support breeder reactor environmental radiological assessments. More data are needed to specify dry deposition velocities and to validate plume depletion models. More atmospheric dispersion data are required to characterize flow near buildings, in complex terrain, and for travel distances at 100 km or more. Field data are needed for terrestrial food cha… more

Date: December 1, 1980

Creator: Miller, C. W.; Dunning, D. E., Jr.; Etnier, E. L.; Kocher, D. C.; McDowell-Boyer, L. M.; Meyer, H. R. et al.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department