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Graphic values for some organic constitutents of beneficiated coal samples

Description: Graphic techniques exist which can accurately predict values for calorific value, organic sulfur, and possibly other constituents of the organic portion of beneficiated coal sample fractions. These techniques also permit a determination of coal rank to be made without the use of the approximations required in the standard procedure. Fractions of IBC-101 with varying ash contents were produced by froth flotation. The various fractions were analyzed by the coal analysis laboratory and the particu… more
Date: January 1, 1992
Creator: Kohlenberger, L. B.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Investigation of a sulfur reduction technique for mild gasification char

Description: The object of this program is to investigate the desulfurization of mild gasification char using hydrogen/methane mixtures in a laboratory-scale experimental study. In the first year of the two- year program, char is being treated with mixtures of H{sub 2} and CH{sub 4} at temperatures of 1100{degrees}C to 1550{degrees}F and pressures of 50 to 100 psig. The effects of temperature, pressure, residence time, gas velocity, and gas composition on sulfur removal and carbon gasification are being det… more
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: Knight, R. A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Mild pyrolysis of selectively oxidized coals

Description: The primary objective of this study is to investigate the removal organic sulfur from selectively oxidized Illinois coals using mild thermal/chemical processes. Work completed this quarter includes the investigation of the mild pyrolysis of unoxidized coals plus a selection of selectively oxidized coals. In addition the effect of particle size and extent of oxidation on pyrolysis was investigated. Some preliminary data concerning pyrolysis under vacuum and ambient pressure was also obtained. Wo… more
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: Hippo, E. J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Carbonation as a binding mechanism for coal/calcium hydroxide pellets

Description: Current coal mining and processing procedures produce a significant quanity of fine coal that is difficult to handle and transport. The objective of this work is to determine if these fines can be economically pelletized with calcium hydroxide, a sulfur capturing sorbent, to produce a clean-burning fuel for fluidized-bed combustors or stoker boilers. To harden these pellets, carbonation, which is the reaction of calcium hydroxide with carbon dioxide to produce a cementitious matrix of calcium c… more
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: Rapp, D. M.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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A novel technique for evaluating cleaned fine and ultrafine coal

Description: As a standard industrial practice all commercially cleaned coals are evaluated by washability analysis to predict their cleaning potential. The results of this analysis are so important that coal washability is a major factor in deciding to purchase and develop coal holdings. However, washability analysis are at present limited to coal particle sizes of greater than {minus}28 mesh (0.6 mm). Coal particles smaller than this limit do separate well in the standard sink-float process used in the wa… more
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: Crelling, J.C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Cooperative research on the combustion characteristics of cofired desulfurized Illinois coal and char with natural gas

Description: Previous studies at UIUC have shown that natural gas co-firing with coal has the effect of sulfur retention in the ash, and researchers have suggested that co-firing could reduce ash deposition problems. This project will study (1) the overall sulfur retention as a function of combustion conditions (temperature, coal type, residence time, etc.), (2) the effects of types of sulfur species and sulfur transformations (pyrite, organic, sulphates, etc.) on sulfur retention, and (3) the transformatio… more
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: Buckius, R.O.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Integrated production/use of ultra low-ash coal, premium liquids and clean char

Description: This integrated, multi-product approach for utilizing Illinois coal starts with the production of ultra low-ash coal and then converts it to high-vale, coal-derived, products. The ultra low-ash coal is produced by solubilizing coal in a phenolic solvent under ChemCoal{trademark} process conditions, separating the coal solution from insoluble ash, and then precipitating the clean coal by dilution of the solvent with methanol. Two major products, liquids and low-ash char, are then produced by mil… more
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: Kruse, C.W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The effects of moderate coal cleaning on the microbial removal of organic sulfur. [Rhodococcuc rhodochrous]

Description: The purpose of this project is to investigate the possibilities of developing an integrated physical/chemical/microbial process for the precombustion removal of sulfur from coal. An effective pre- combustion coal desulfurization process should ideally be capable of removing both organic and inorganic sulfur. A variety of techniques exist for the removal of inorganic sulfur from coal, but there is currently no cost-effective method for the pre-combustion removal of organic sulfur. Recent develop… more
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: Srivastava, V.J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Integrated methods for production of clean char and its combustion properties

Description: The overall objective of this two-year program is to produce clean char using an integrated process scheme which combines physical coal cleaning, mild gasification and char oxydesulfurization. Low sulfur chars which could be used in utility boilers to meet 1995 emission standards of 2.5 lbs DO{sub 2}/MMBtu are produced from Illinois coals having emissions of >5 lbs SO{sub 2}/MMBtu. Mild gasification and low temperature oxidation studies for sulfur removal are conducted with selected coals from … more
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: DeBarr, J. A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Desulfurization of hot fuel gas produced from high-chlorine Illinois coals

Description: New coal gasification processes are now being developed which can generate electricity with high thermal efficiency either in a combined gas-turbine, steam-turbine cycle or in a fuel cell. Both of these coal-to-electricity pathways require that the coal-derived fuel gas be at a high temperature and be free of potential pollutants, such as sulfur compounds. Unfortunately, some high-sulfur Illinois coals also contain significant chlorine which converts into hydrogen chloride (HC1) in the coal-gas… more
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: O'Brien, W. S.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Lignin-assisted coal depolymerization

Description: Previous research has shown that addition of lignin-derived liquids to coal stirred in tetralin under mild reaction conditions (375{degree}C and 300--500 psig) results in a marked enhancement in the rate of coal depolymerization. A mathematical model was developed to study the kinetics of coal depolymerization in the presence of liquid-derived liquids. In the present study, a reaction pathway was formulated to explain the enhancement in coal depolymerization due to lignin (solid) addition. The … more
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: Lalvani, S.B.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Sulfur removal from high-sulfur Illinois coal by low-temperature perchloroethylene (PCE) extraction

Description: A pre-combustion coal desulfurization process at 120{degree}C using perchloroethylene (PCE) to remove up to 70% of the organic sulfur has been developed by the Midwest Ore Processing Co. (MWOPC). However, this process has not yet proven to be as successful with Illinois coals as it has for Ohio and Indiana coals. The organic sulfur removal has been achieved only with highly oxidized Illinois coals containing high sulfatic sulfur. A logical explanation for this observation is vital to successful… more
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: Chou, M. I. M.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Thermal treatment for chlorine removal from coal

Description: It is the goal of this research to provide the technical basis for development of a process to remove chlorine from coal prior to combustion, based on a thermal treatment process. Through a bench scale study, mechanisms will be investigated, reaction rate constants and activation energies determined, and energy and mass balances performed. The recovery of the chlorine removed from the coal as a markable by-product, calcium chloride suitable for use as a road deicer, will be investigated using a… more
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: Muchmore, C.B.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Mass spectral study of organic sulfur in the polymeric matrix of coal

Description: These experiments will examine the chemical environment of organic sulfur in the polymeric matrix of Illinois coal by novel mass spectrometric techniques: High molecular weight ions from the polymeric coal matrix will be formed by laser desorption and photoionization of powdered coal samples. These ions will be subsequently injected into an ion trap mass spectrometer for single and multiple mass analysis for the identification of sulfur containing moieties in the polymeric matrix. Furthermore, … more
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: Hanley, L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Combustion characterization of the blend of plant coal and recovered coal fines

Description: The overall objective of this proposed research program is to determine the combustion characteristics of the blend derived from mixing a plant coal and recovered and clean coal fines from the pond. During this study, one plant coal and three blend samples will be prepared and utilized. The blend samples will be of a mixture of 90% plant coal + 10% fines, 85% plant coal + 15% fines, 80% plant coal + 20% fines having particle size distribution of 70% passing through {minus}200 mesh size. These s… more
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: Singh, Shyam.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

VHF EPR analysis of organic sulfur in coal

Description: This report covers progress made in the first yearly quarter of a two year investigation using novel, very high frequency electron paramagnetic resonance (VHF EPR) spectroscopy techniques and instrumentation (one of only two W-band spectrometers in existence) developed earlier by these authors, to conduct further qualitative and quantitative studies of heteroatomic organic molecules in coal with particular emphasis on sulfur. Previous W-band (96 GHz) work is being extended to studies of new mod… more
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: Clarkson, R.B.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Behavior of sulfur and chlorine in coal during combustion and boiler corrosion

Description: The purpose of this project is to conduct laboratory experiments to clarify the mechanism of boiler corrosion, which may lead to solving the corrosion problem associated with the utilization of Illinois' high-sulfur and high-chlorine coal. The kinetics of the release of sulfur and chlorine species during coal combustion is being determined in the laboratories using temperature-programmed pyrolysis coupled with quadrupole gas analysis (QGA) and thermogravimetric analysis in conjunction with Four… more
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: Chou, C.L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Characterization of the surface properties of Illinois Basin Coals

Description: The overall objective of this research project is to provide fundamental data on the physical and chemical surface properties of Illinois coals, specifically those of the Illinois Basin Coal Sample Program (IBCSP). This will help coal researchers achieve an optimal match between Illinois Basin coals and potential coal cleaning and conversion processes (or at least reduce the number of coals suitable for a particular process) and may lead to improved desulfurization and increased utilization of … more
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: Demir, I.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Protocols for the selective cleavage of carbon-sulfur bonds in coal

Description: Removal of the organic sulfur in coal constitutes one of the major challenges facing fossil fuel scientists today. A cost--effective of desulfurizing Illinois coal is non-existent at the present time. Research in our group aims to develop a simple protocol for sulfur removal by gaining understanding of how various additives can enhance the rates of C-S bond cleavage in Illinois coal and coal model compounds, relative to fragmentation of the coal macromolecule via C-C, C-O, and C-N bond cleavage… more
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: Bausch, M.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Graphic values for some organic constituents of beneficiated coal samples

Description: The first objective of this one-year project is to obtain analytical data on a series of fractions of coal sample IBC-101 of widely varying ash content obtained via a froth flotation physical coal cleaning process. Froth flotation is the fractionation technique to be used rather than float/sink testing as in the Stansfield-Sutherland method because (1) most of the data in our files which were used in the development of these techniques were froth flotation tests and (2) as a way of showing that… more
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: Kohlenberger, L. B.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Influence of sulfur in coals on char morphology and combustion

Description: During coal carbonization (pyrolysis), as during the combustion process of pulverized coal in a combustor, not all of the sulfur is released. Significant proportions become pat of the structure of the resultant coke and char. The combustion process of the char within the flames of the combustor in influenced dominantly by char morphology. This, in turn, controls the accessibility of oxidizing gases to the surfaces of the carbonaceous substance of the char. Mineral matter content, its extent and… more
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: Marsh, H.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Combustion of Illinois coals and chars with natural gas

Description: There are applications where the combined combustion of coal and natural gas offers potential advantages over the use of either coal or natural gas alone. For example, low volatile coals or low volatile chars derived from treatment or gasification processes can be of limited use during to their poor flammability characteristics. However, the use of natural gas in conjunction with the solid fuel can provide the necessary volatiles'' to enhance the combustion. In addition, natural gas provides a … more
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: Buckius, R.O.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Analysis of organic sulfur and nitrogen in coal via tandem degradation methods

Description: With the recent increase in concern for environmental issues and the implication of sulfur and nitrogen in coal combustion products as prime causes of acid rain, it has become clear that there is an urgent need for alternative methods for determining the nature of organic sulfur and nitrogen compounds in coal. The present study couples mold oxidative and reductive procedures to enhance the depolymerization of coal and its constituent macerals and the quantities of produces amenable to analysis.… more
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: Kruge, M. A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Carbonation as a binding mechanism for coal/calcium hydroxide pellets. Final technical report, September 1, 1991--August 31, 1992

Description: In this project, the ISGS is investigating the pelletization of fine coal with calcium hydroxide, a sulfur-capturing sorbent. The objective is to produce a readily-transportable fuel which will burn in compliance with the recently passed Clean Air Act Amendment (CAAA). To improve the economics of pelletizing, carbonation, or, the reaction of carbon dioxide with calcium hydroxide, which produces a binding matrix of calcium carbonate, is being investigated as a method of hardening pelletized coal… more
Date: December 31, 1992
Creator: Rapp, D. M.; Lytle, J. M.; Hackley, K. C.; Strickland, R.; Berger, R. & Schanche, G.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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