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Experimental investigations of uncovered-bundle heat transfer and two-phase mixture-level swell under high-pressure low heat-flux conditions. [PWR]

Description: Results are reported from a series of uncovered-bundle heat transfer and mixture-level swell tests. Experimental testing was performed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory in the Thermal Hydraulic Test Facility (THTF). The THTF is an electrically heated bundle test loop configured to produce conditions similar to those in a small-break loss-of-coolant accident. The objective of heat transfer testing was to acquire heat transfer coefficients and fluid conditions in a partially uncovered bundle. Test… more
Date: March 1, 1982
Creator: Anklam, T. M.; Miller, R. J. & White, M. D.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Experimental investigations of two-phase mixture level swell and axial void fraction distribution under high pressure, low heat flux conditions in rod bundle geometry

Description: Experimental data is reported from a series of quasi-steady-state two-phase mixture level swell and void fraction distribution tests. Testing was performed at ORNL in the Thermal Hydraulic Test Facility - a large electrically heated test loop configured to produce conditions similar to those expected in a small break loss of coolant accident. Pressure was varied from 2.7 to 8.2 MPa and linear power ranged from 0.33 to 1.95 kW/m. Mixture swell was observed to vary linearly with the total volumet… more
Date: January 1, 1981
Creator: Anklam, T. M. & White, M. D.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Integrated process modeling for the laser inertial fusion Energy (LIFE) generation system

Description: A concept for a new fusion-fission hybrid technology is being developed at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. The primary application of this technology is base-load electrical power generation. However, variants of the baseline technology can be used to 'burn' spent nuclear fuel from light water reactors or to perform selective transmutation of problematic fission products. The use of a fusion driver allows very high burn-up of the fission fuel, limited only by the radiation resistance of… more
Date: October 22, 2009
Creator: Meier, W. R.; Anklam, T. M.; Erlandson, A. C.; Miles, R. R.; Simon, A. J.; Sawicki, R. et al.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Diode laser absorption spectroscopy for process control: Sensor system design methodology

Description: A laser absorption spectroscopy (LAS) system has been developed at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) for process control. LAS has proven itself to be an accurate and reliable method to monitor both density and composition. In this paper the important features and components of an industrial LAS diagnostic are described. Application of this approach to vaporization processes requires careful selection of the species and transitions to be monitored The relative vapor pressure, hyperfi… more
Date: March 1995
Creator: Berzins, L. V.; Anklam, T. M.; Chambers, F.; Galanti, S.; Haynam, C. A. & Worden, E. F.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Evaporation monitoring and composition control of alloy systems with widely differing vapor pressures

Description: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory is developing sensors and controls to improve and extend electron beam materials processing technology to alloy systems with constituents of widely varying vapor pressure. The approach under development involves using tunable lasers to measure the density and composition of the vapor plume. A laser based vaporizer control system for vaporization of a uranium-iron alloy has been previously demonstrated in multi-hundred hour, high rate vaporization experimen… more
Date: October 1, 1994
Creator: Anklam, T. M.; Berzins, L. V.; Braun, D. G.; Haynam, C.; McClelland, M. A. & Meier, T.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Monitoring PVD metal vapors using laser absorption spectroscopy

Description: Laser absorption spectroscopy (LAS) has been used by the Atomic Vapor Laser Isotope Separation (AVLIS) program for over 10 years to monitor the co-vaporization of uranium and iron in its separators. During that time, LAS has proven to be an accurate and reliable method to monitor both the density and composition of the vapor. It has distinct advantages over other rate monitors, in that it is completely non-obtrusive to the vaporization process and its accuracy is unaffected by the duration of t… more
Date: April 1, 1994
Creator: Braun, D. G.; Anklam, T. M.; Berzins, L. V. & Hagans, K. G.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Blowdown heat transfer separate-effects program. Quarterly progress report, January-March 1980

Description: Six additional bundle uncovery/recovery tests were performed in the Thermal-Hydraulic Test Facility during January, bringing the total number of these tests to eight. Data taken during the tests were found to be contaminated by numerous spurious spikes. Work to remove the spurious spikes is under way. Posttest analysis of the tests is approx.20% completed. The recovery portion of one of the tests will be analyzed by COBRA/TRAC, currently being developed by Pacific Northwest Laboratories (PNL). … more
Date: June 1, 1980
Creator: Craddick, W. G.; Anklam, T. M.; Bohanan, R. E.; Felde, D. K.; Flanders, R. M.; Hagar, R. C. et al.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Development of a sensor and control system for the production of titanium matrix composites

Description: Titanium matrix composites promise to dramatically increase the thrust-to-weight ratio of gas turbine engines. Electron Beam Physical Vapor Deposition (EB-PVD) is ideal for coating fibers if issues with composition control can be worked out. LLNL is developing a control system based on Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (DLAS) for the deposition of titanium orthorhombic alloys. In this paper, the important features and components of a DLAS control system are reviewed and a methodology for sele… more
Date: March 1, 1995
Creator: Berzins, L. V.; McClelland, M. A. & Anklam, T. M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Experimental and numerical study of E-beam evaporation of titanium

Description: An experimental and numerical study is performed for the electron- beam evaporation of pure titanium from a bottom fed vapor source. In the experiments, an electron beam operating in the nominal range of 30-40 [kW] was used to evaporate metal from the top of a 3 inch diameter rod. Variations were made in the e-beam power, sweep pattern, and sweep frequency, and the total evaporation rate was measured from feed consumption and laser absorption. The solid-pool interface was obtained from metallog… more
Date: November 26, 1997
Creator: McClelland, M. A.; Westerberg, K. W.; Meier, T. C.; Braun, D. G.; Berrins, L. V. & Anklam, T. M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Analysis of the e-beam evaporation of titanium and Ti-6Al-4V

Description: An experimental and finite element analysis was performed for the electron-beam evaporation of Ti and Ti-6Al-4V from a bottom-feed system. The bulk evaporation rate was measured by feed consumption, and the pool elevation was held constant by adjusting the feed rate in a closed-loop control system. The instantaneous titanium and aluminum evaporation rates were determined by laser absorption in the vapor plume. Water temperature rises in cooling water circuits provided heat flows, and post-run c… more
Date: February 11, 1998
Creator: Westerberg, K. W.; Merier, T. C.; McClelland, M. A.; Braun, D. G.; Berzins, L. V.; Anklam, T. M. et al.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Evaporation rate and composition monitoring of electron beam PVD processes

Description: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) is developing sensor and control technology to improve the quality and range of applicability of electron beam PVD. The approach being developed uses tunable lasers to measure, the density and composition of the vapor plume. This paper reviews the principles of operation of laser based sensors and discusses data from experiments in which titanium and niobium are co-vaporized. Laser data agreed well with deposited film compositions and spatial variat… more
Date: March 1, 1995
Creator: Anklam, T. M.; Berzins, L. V.; Braun, D. G.; Haynam, C.; Meier, T. & McClelland, M. A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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