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Evaluation of environmental dosimetry models for applicability to possible radioactive waste repository discharges

Description: This report presents the results of a review of the available codes, for application to the National Waste Terminal Storage (NWTS) Program. Consideration was given to the types of radionuclides which may be of concern, the possible modes of release of these radionuclides and the various pathways by which members of the general public in the vicinity of a terminal storage facility may be exposed to the releases. Results reveal that the types and quantities of radioactive material requiring dispo… more
Date: September 1, 1977
Creator: Mauro, J. J.; Michlewicz, D. & Letizia, A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Dosimetry measurements external to a 10 kiloliter liquid-air vessel containing a D-T neutron source. [14 MeV neutrons]

Description: To determine the radiation attenuation characteristics of liquid air (109 g/cm/sup 2/ thick) for 14 MeV neutrons from a central D-T source in a 10 kL vessel, radiation dose measurements were made using a large tissue-equivalent ion chamber external to the vessel. The shielding characteristics of steel spherical shells were also investigated. Experimental results were analyzed and compared with TARTNP Monte Carlo code calculations. Degradation of the ion chamber's response to high-energy neutron… more
Date: October 10, 1977
Creator: Tripler, D. J.; Goldberg, E. & Farley, W. E.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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As low as is reasonably achievable (ALARA) studies relative to the NWTS program

Description: The history of development of the as-low-as-is-reasonably achievable (ALARA) concept and ALARA criteria for radiation exposures as applied to both off-site (environmental) and on-site (occupational) exposures at nuclear power plants are reviewed. The current status of activities within the various federal agencies directed toward developing ALARA criteria for other areas of the nuclear fuel cycle is presented. Based on the historical development, the present activities, and on discussions with … more
Date: October 1, 1977
Creator: Abrams, L. A.; Schlegel, R. L. & Sullivan, R. P.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Personnel dosimetry intercomparison studies at the ORNL Health Physics Research Reactor

Description: The Health Physics Research Reactor (HPRR), used unshielded, with a 12-cm-thick Lucite shield or a 13-cm-thick steel shield, provided three neutron and gamma-ray spectra for personnel dosimetry intercomparison studies. The characterisitcs of these fields, such as neutron energy spectrum, intensity, and uniformity, had been measured previously during nuclear accident dosimetry studies. Exposures were made to simulate total exposures likely to be encountered in personnel dosimetry. Neutron dose e… more
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Dickson, H.W. & Gilley, L.W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Engineering assessment of inactive uranium mill tailings, Rifle Site, Rifle, Colorado. Summary of the Phase II, Title I

Description: Ford, Bacon and Davis Utah Inc. has performed an engineering assessment of the problems resulting from the existence of radioactive uranium mill tailings at Rifle, Colorado. The Phase II - Title I services include the preparation of topographic maps, the performance of core drillings and radiometric measurements sufficient to determine areas and volumes of tailings and other radium-contaminated materials, the evaluation of resulting radiation exposures of individuals and nearby populations, the… more
Date: October 1, 1977
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Evaluation of different polymers for fast neutron personnel dosimetry using electrochemical etching

Description: There is considerable optimism for the enhancement by electrochemical etching of fast neutron-induced recoil tracks in polycarbonate for the purpose of personnel dosimetry. The threshold energy, however, is rather high. A desirable improvement would be to lower this energy below 1 MeV. With this objective in mind, we have commenced an investigation of cellulose acetate, triacetate, and acetobutyrate in addition to polycarbonate. These cellulose derivatives are chemically more reactive and physi… more
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Gammage, R.B. & Cotter, S.J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Least-squares dosimetry unfolding: the program STAY'SL. [STAY'SL Code]

Description: A PDP-10 FORTRAN IV computer program STAY'SL, which solves the dosimetry unfolding problem by the method of least squares, is described. The solution (the output spectrum and its covariance matrix) is calculated by minimizing chi-square based on the input data (the activation data, the input spectrum, the dosimetry cross sections and their uncertainties given by covariance matrices). The solution reflects therefore the uncertainties in all of the input data and their correlations. The corr… more
Date: October 1, 1977
Creator: Perey, F. G.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Engineering assessment of inactive uranium mill tailings, Maybell Site, Maybell, Colorado. Summary of the Phase II, Title I

Description: Ford, Bacon and Davis Utah Inc. has performed an engineering assessment of the problems resulting from the existence of radioactive uranium mill tailings at Maybell, Colorado. The Phase II-Title I services include the preparation of topographic maps, the performance of core drillings sufficient to determine areas and volumes of tailings and radiometric measurements to determine radium-contaminated materials, the evaluation of resulting radiation exposures of individuals and nearby populations, … more
Date: October 1, 1977
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Pulsed system for obtaining microdosimetric data with high intensity beams

Description: The use of heavy particle accelerators for radiation therapy requires high intensity beams in order to produce useful dose rates. The 800-MeV proton beam at LAMPF passes through different production targets to generate secondary pion beams. Conventional microdosimetric techniques are not applicable under these conditions because exceedingly high count rates result in detector damage, gas breakdown, and saturation effects in the electronics. We describe a new microdosimetric system developed at … more
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Zaider, M.; Dicello, J.F. & Hiebert, R.D.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Calorimetric and ionometric dosimetry for cyclotron produced fast neutrons

Description: A portable tissue equivalent (TE) calorimeter, constructed of A-150 plastic, has been employed for the measurement of absorbed dose in two fast neutron fields produced by the /sup 9/Be(/sup 3/He,n) and /sup 9/Be(d,n) interactions. A disc shaped ionization chamber has also been constructed of A-150 plastic and has a collecting volume geometrically equivalent to the calorimeter core (2 cm in diameter and 0.2 cm thick). A flow of methane compounded TE gas was maintained through the chamber at a ra… more
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: McDonald, J. C.; Ma, I. C. & Laughlin, J. S.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Spectrum unfolding by the least-squares methods

Description: The method of least squares is briefly reviewed, and the conditions under which it may be used are stated. From this analysis, a least-squares approach to the solution of the dosimetry neutron spectrum unfolding problem is introduced. The mathematical solution to this least-squares problem is derived from the general solution. The existence of this solution is analyzed in some detail. A chi/sup 2/-test is derived for the consistency of the input data which does not require the solution to be ob… more
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Perey, F.G.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Uncertainty analysis of dosimetry spectrum unfolding

Description: The propagation of uncertainties in the input data is analyzed for the usual dosimetry unfolding solution. A new formulation of the dosimetry unfolding problem is proposed in which the most likely value of the spectrum is obtained. The relationship of this solution to the usual one is discussed.
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Perey, F.G.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Considerations in measuring trace radionuclides in soil samples by L x-ray detection

Description: Several aspects pertaining to the measurements of trace radionuclides (such as plutonium) in soil samples by L x-ray detection have been considered. A 3 x 3 multiplexed array of edge-mounted Si detectors with a total detection area of 50 cm/sup 2/ and FWHM resolution of 300 eV at 17 keV has been conceived. The fractional transmission-weighted solid angle for a distributed, self-absorbing source was calculated to be 0.25, which is one half the value of that for a lossless sheet source. To determ… more
Date: Autumn 1977
Creator: Strauss, M. G.; Sherman, I. S.; Swanson, E. J. & Pehl, R. H.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Computor program for mathematical evaluation of the Rocky Flats nuclear accident dosimetry system

Description: A computer program has been developed to facilitate the evaluation of the Rocky Flats Emergency Dosimetry System. This program evaluates data to determine the neutron fluence associated with a criticality accident. It is necessary to obtain information about the critical system for personnel dose estimates. Information pertaining to the geometry and position of the critical material and orientation of personnel, with respect to the material, is essential to supplement the calculations contained… more
Date: December 20, 1977
Creator: Wood, C. B.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Calibration of personnel dosimeters

Description: Methods of calibrating both film and thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD) to photon and electron radiations are described. K fluorescent x-rays, heavily filtered x-ray beams, and isotope gamma rays are used at the Los Alamos calibration facility to measure the energy and angular response of radiation detectors over a photon energy range of 10 to 1000 keV. Beam spectra, alignment, size and uniformity are discussed. The energy and angular response of dosimeters to electrons is measured with beta-em… more
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Storm, E.; Cortez, J. R. & Littlejohn, G. J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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SFACTOR: a computer code for calculating dose equivalent to a target organ per microcurie-day residence of a radionuclide in a source organ

Description: A computer code SFACTOR was developed to estimate the average dose equivalent S (rem/..mu..Ci-day) to each of a specified list of target organs per microcurie-day residence of a radionuclide in source organs in man. Source and target organs of interest are specified in the input data stream, along with the nuclear decay information. The SFACTOR code computes components of the dose equivalent rate from each type of decay present for a particular radionuclide, including alpha, electron, and gamma… more
Date: November 1, 1977
Creator: Dunning, D. E., Jr.; Pleasant, J. C. & Killough, G. G.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Computer code for calculating personnel doses due to tritium exposures

Description: This report describes a computer code written in LLL modified Fortran IV that can be used on a CDC 7600 for calculating personnel doses due to exposures to tritium. The critical organ is body water. The code is capable of handling various exposure situations, and is also capable of detecting a large variety of data input errors that would lead to errors in the dose assessment.
Date: February 2, 1977
Creator: Graham, C. L. & Parlagreco, J. R.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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DT fusion neutron irradiation of two LLL superconductor wires at 4. 2/sup 0/K

Description: The DT fusion neutron irradiation of two LLL superconductor wires at 4.2/sup 0/K is described. The sample position, beam-on time, and neutron dose record are given. The results from four ''profile'' dosimetry foils measuring the lateral variation in neutron flux are included.
Date: May 18, 1977
Creator: MacLean, S. C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Fiscal year 1976 DT fusion neutron irradiations and dosimetry at the LLL rotating target neutron source

Description: The DT fusion neutron irradiation of 319 samples during 19 irradiation periods (beam-on time of more than 1026 hours) is described. Experiments from 24 individuals representing 11 institutions are summarized. The numbers of the UCID dosimetry reports detailing each of the irradiations are given.
Date: March 31, 1977
Creator: MacLean, S. C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Thermoluminescent dosimeter (CaF/sub 2/:Dy) measurement of the Hanford environs, 1971--1975

Description: The average external dose rate measured at locations in the Hanford environs was 72 mrad/year, based on analysis of thermoluminescent dosimeter data collected from 1971 through 1975. The maximum dose observed, 84 mrad/year, occurred approximately 100 feet north of the Vernita rest stop on Hanford Site property. This location is free of pedestrian or vehicular traffic and the increased dose is attributed to the greater abundance of naturally occurring radionuclides, primarily /sup 40/K, at this … more
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Fix, J. J. & Blumer, P. J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Test of the performance of personnel dosimeters. [Comparison and evaluation of 4 performance standards]

Description: In view of the evolution of personnel dosimeters and the variety of performance standards existing today, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) recently became interested in amending its regulations to require that personnel dosimeters used by its licensees meet specified levels of accuracy that would be verified by independent testing. The amendment being considered by NRC might also be adopted by the Energy Researh and Development Administration (ERDA), and BRH would encourage individual st… more
Date: April 1, 1977
Creator: Nichols, L. L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Dosimetry experiment for neutron spectral characterization of the second NRC 4T-CT irradiation capsules at BSR

Description: In support of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) Heavy Section Steel Technology (HSST) irradiation experiment in progress at the Bulk Shielding Reactor (BSR), a multiple foil dosimetry test has been performed to obtain neutron spectral information at key locations within three simulated HSST capsules. A combination of reactor physics calculations with unfolding and linear programming procedures was used for the evaluation and validation of the results. Certain spectral parameters in the fa… more
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Kam, F. B. K.; Swanks, J. H. & Stallmann, F. W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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