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in subjects: "Vertebrates 560152* -- Radiation Effects On Animals-- Animals"  
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Radiation induced micrencephaly in guinea pigs

Description: A brain weight deficit of about 70 mg was induced at doses of approximately 75-mGy and a deficit of 60 mg was induced at 100 mGy. This confirms the effects projected and observed by Wanner and Edwards. Although the data do not demonstrate a clear dose-response relationship between the 75-mGy and 100-mGy groups, the data are statistically consistent with a dose-response effect because of the overlapping confidence intervals. The lack of a statistically significant observation is most likely rela… more
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: Wagner, L.K.; Johnston, D.A. & Felleman, D.J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Low-level x-irradiation of the brain during development morphological, physiological, and behavioral consequences. Final report, September 1, 1976--August 31, 1977

Description: Morphological research was continued in the following areas: glial recovery patterns in the rat corpus callosum after x-irradiation during infancy; the prenatal development of the deep nuclei and cortex of the cerebellum; the prenatal development of the inferior olive, pontine gray and the precerebellar reticular nuclei; and the postnatal development of the olfactory bulb. In these studies autoradiography and x-irradiation were among the experimental techniques utilized. The behavioral studies,… more
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Altman, J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Delayed radiation injury of gut-exposed and gut-shielded mice. II. The decrement in life span

Description: Two mouse strains (RF/J and C57B1/6J) were exposed to x-ray doses totaling 400, 800, and 1200 rad. Total doses were given in 200-rad fractions at 7-day intervals to the whole body, gut only, or bone tissue with the gut shielded. Animals were anesthetized during exposure. Two control groups were used. A sham control group was anesthetized but not exposed to x rays, and another control group received neither anesthesia nor x-radiation. All mice were retained in a standard laboratory environment f… more
Date: January 1, 1978
Creator: Spalding, J.F.; Archuleta, R.F. & Prine, J.R.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Radiogenic neoplasia in thyroid and mammary clonogens

Description: We have developed rat thyroid and mammary clonogen transplantation systems for the study of radiogenic cancer induction at the target cell level in vivo. The epithelial cell populations of both glands contain small subpopulations of cells which are capable of giving rise to monoclonal glandular structures when transplanted and stimulated with appropriate hormones. During the end of the last grant year and the first half of the current grant year, we have completed analyses and summarized for pu… more
Date: May 31, 1991
Creator: Clifton, K.H.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Effects of low-level radiation upon the hematopoietic steam cell: implications for leukemogenesis

Description: These studies have addressed firstly the effect of single small doses of x-ray upon murine hematopoietic stem cells to obtain a better estimate of the D/sub q/. It is small, of the order of 20 rads. Secondly, a dose fractionation schedule tht does not kill or perturb the kinetics of hemopoietic cell proliferation was sought in order to investigate the leukemogenic potential of low level radiation upon an unperturbed hemopoietic system. The studies reported herein show tht 1.25 rads every other … more
Date: January 1, 1983
Creator: Cronkite, E. P.; Bond, V. P.; Carsten, A. L.; Miller, M. E. & Bullis, J. E.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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NMR imaging and spectroscopy of the mammalian central nervous system after heavy ion radiation

Description: NMR imaging, NMR spectroscopic, and histopathologic techniques were used to study the proton relaxation time and related biochemical changes in the central nervous system after helium beam in vivo irradiation of the rodent brain. The spectroscopic observations reported in this dissertation were made possible by development of methods for measuring the NMR parameters of the rodent brain in vivo and in vitro. The methods include (1) depth selective spectroscopy using an optimization of rf pulse e… more
Date: September 1, 1984
Creator: Richards, T.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Biology Division: annual progress report, September 30, 1978

Description: Separate abstracts were prepared for the three sections of the report. Appendices are included on tecnical meetings, invited presentations, publications, seminars, and research conferences. (HLW)
Date: February 1, 1979
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Division of Biological and Medical Research research summary 1984-1985

Description: The Division of Biological and Medical Research at Argonne National Laboratory conducts multidisciplinary research aimed at defining the biological and medical hazards to man from energy technologies and new energy options. These technically oriented studies have a strong base in fundamental research in a variety of scientific disciplines, including molecular and cellular biology, biophysics, genetics, radiobiology, pharmacology, biochemistry, chemistry, environmental toxicology, and epidemiolo… more
Date: August 1, 1985
Creator: Barr, S.H. (ed.)
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Study on the induction of thyroid tumors in rats using x irradiation in conjunction with a goitrogen. [1 methyl--2 mercaptoimidazole (methimazole)]

Description: The influence of acute localized thyroid x irradiation and chronic goitrogen administration, separately or combined, on thyroid tumor formation in mature female rats was studied. In the first experiment, the radiation doses were 0, 80, 160, 320, or 640 rads, and the dosages of goitrogen were 0, 4, or 40 parts per million (ppM) of 1 methyl - 2 mercaptoimidazole (MMI). The incidence of rats with thyroid tumors in any treated group receiving 0 or 4 ppM MMI was not significantly greater than the in… more
Date: January 1, 1979
Creator: Mahler, P.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Low dose neutron late effects: Cataractogenesis

Description: The work is formulated to resolve the uncertainty regarding the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of low dose neutron radiation. The study exploits the fact that cataractogenesis is sensitive to the inverse dose-rate effect as has been observed with heavy ions and was an endpoint considered in the follow-up of the A-bomb survivors. The neutron radiations were initiated at the Radiological Research Accelerator facility (RARAF) of the Nevis Laboratory of Columbia University. Four week old (… more
Date: December 1, 1991
Creator: Worgul, B. V.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Cellular proliferation and regeneration following tissue damage. Progress report. [X radiation; rabbit lenses]

Description: Studies were conducted on the following research projects: effects of x radiation on rabbit lenses; DNA synthesis and mitosis in cultured lenses; serum dependency and actinomycin D sensitivity; changes in ultrastructure; injury-induced growth of vascular endothelium; corneal neovascularization following injury; and human cataractous lenses. (HLW)
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Harding, C.V.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Animal mortality resulting from uniform exposures to photon radiations: Calculated LD/sub 50/s and a compilation of experimental data

Description: Studies conducted during the 1950s and 1960s of radiation-induced mortality to diverse animal species under various exposure protocols were compiled into a mortality data base. Some 24 variables were extracted and recomputed from each of the published studies, which were collected from a variety of available sources, primarily journal articles. Two features of this compilation effort are (1) an attempt to give an estimate of the uniform dose received by the bone marrow in each treatment so that… more
Date: December 1, 1986
Creator: Jones, T.D.; Morris, M.D.; Wells, S.M. & Young, R.W.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Effects of ionizing radiation on the light sensing elements of the retina. [Structural and physiological effects of carbon, helium, and neon ions on rods and cones of salamanders and mice]

Description: This investigation was undertaken to quantitate possible morphological and physiological effects of particles of high linear energy transfer on the retina, in comparison with x-ray effects. The particles used were accelerated atomic nuclei of helium, carbon, and neon at kinetic energies of several hundred MeV/nucleon. For morphological studies, scanning and transmission electron microscopy and light microscopy were used. Physiological studies consisted of autoradiographic data of the rate of in… more
Date: July 1, 1978
Creator: Malachowski, M.J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Division of Biological and Medical Research annual technical report, 1981

Description: This report summarizes research during 1981 in the Division of Biological and Medical Research, Argonne National Laboratory. Studies in Low Level Radiation include comparison of lifetime effects in mice of low level neutron and gamma irradiation, delineation of the responses of dogs to continuous low level gamma irradiation, elucidation of mechanisms of radiation damage and repair in mammalian cells, and study of the genetic effects of high LET radiations. Carcinogenesis research addresses mech… more
Date: June 1, 1982
Creator: Rosenthal, M.W. (ed.)
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Kinetic and biochemical studies on tumor growth. Final report, October 1, 1967--July 14, 1976. [X radiation, /sup 125/I tracer technique]

Description: The normal growth kinetics and the recovery kinetics following therapeutic perturbations with drugs and x-irradiation for the mouse duodenal crypt cells and the S102F and slow line tumor cells have been studied in depth, the rationale being that a detailed understanding of these phenomena would enhance our knowledge about tumor biology per se and also expand our appreciation of how normal and malignant tissues respond to and recover from therapeutic insults. Hopefully, such knowledge will event… more
Date: unknown
Creator: Dethlefsen, L. A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Age-dependent radiosensitivity of mouse oocytes

Description: It has been shown that there are three distinct phases of radiosensitivity in oocytes of prepubertal mice: a period of rapidly increasing sensitivity between 0 and 4 days of age; a period of consistent, high sensitivity between 5 and 18 days of age; and a period of decreasing sensitivity from 19 to at least 21 days of age. Two distinct phases have been demonstrated for the rate of population decline of the oocytes of primary follicles: an initial period of rapid loss from 0 to 4 days of age; an… more
Date: June 8, 1976
Creator: Koehler, C.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Aging and DNA repair capability. [Review]

Description: A review of the literature on DNA repair processes in relation to aging is presented under the following headings: DNA repair processes; age-related occurrence of unrepaired DNA lesions; DNA repair capability as a function of age; tissue-specific DNA repair capability; acceleration of the aging process by exposure to DNA damaging agents; human genetic syndromes; and longevity and DNA repair processes. (HLW)
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Tice, Raymond R.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Effects of whole-body. gamma. -irradiation on the biosynthesis of certain serum proteins. Final report, November 29, 1967--June 30, 1976. [Rats]

Description: Whole-body exposure of rats to ionizing radiations yielded an increased incorporation of labeled amino acids into serum albumin in in vivo studies suggesting a stimulation of biosynthesis. Actually this may have been caused by an elevated hepatic transport of labeled amino acids (see below). A suppressed biosynthesis of albumin was observed when the experiments were performed in vitro using liver microsomes. Impaired biosynthesis appeared to be caused by a reduced mRNA production. Irradiation s… more
Date: June 30, 1976
Creator: Neuhaus, O. W.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Acquired immunologic tolerance in chimeras and histocompatibility factors in cattle and their relationship to those in humans. Final report. [Gamma radiation]

Description: During the course of this project we have studied 35 pairs of chimeric cattle twins. It is now clear that fractionated doses of whole-body /sup 60/Co irradiation can cause marked shifts in the proportions of the two erythrocyte populations that make up the chimeric mixture. However, it has not been possible to eliminate one of the two cell types and thus abrogate the acquired immunologic tolerance. The results of our extensive skin-grafting experiments are remarkable because they show that a ch… more
Date: March 1, 1976
Creator: Stone, W. H.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Comparison of the cytological effects produced by ionizing radiations of different LET. Progress report, April 1975--April 1976. [X radiation, fission neutrons, rats, eyes]

Description: Rat eyes were irradiated with a single dose of 1000, 850, 700, or 550 rads of x-radiation or 225, 200, 175, 150, or 125 rads of fission neutron radiation. Some eyes are being examined periodically for cataracts; others were tested by wounding the lens at 3, 14, or 28 days after irradiation. At 10 months after irradiation, the 1000-rad-X cataracts were a bit more advanced than the 225-rad-n group; this suggests an RBE of about 4. Wounding the lens initiated a ''wave'' of DNA synthesis followed b… more
Date: April 1, 1976
Creator: Riley, E. F. Jr.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Comparative response of dogs and monkeys to sublethal acute and continuous low dose-rate gamma-ray exposure

Description: Monkeys (Macaca mulatta) and dogs (beagle) were given thirteen 100-rad gamma-ray doses at 28-day intervals. The comparative response (injury and recovery) of the hematopoietic system of the two species was observed at 7-day intervals during the exposure regime. At 84 days after the thirteenth gamma-ray dose, the 1300-rad conditioned and control dogs and monkeys were challenged continuously with 35 R/day until death to determine the amount of radiation-induced injury remaining in conditioned ani… more
Date: February 1, 1977
Creator: Spalding, J. F.; Holland, L. M.; Johnson, O. S.; LaBauve, P. M.; London, J. E.; Prine, J. R. et al.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Determination of biological transport of oxygen-15 and carbon-11 generated in rats. [32 MeV proton beams]

Description: The distribution of induced /sup 15/O and /sup 11/C activity in live and dead rats was determined following local irradiation with a 32 MeV proton beam. Results indicate that rapid biological redistribution of some of the induced activity occurs within a minute following irradiation. Sufficient activity remains, bound in the intracellular water, to define the proton beam in tissue. Thus, mapping of the induced /sup 15/O activity proves to be a valid means of beam localization.
Date: February 1, 1976
Creator: Archambeau, B.; Bennett, G. W. & Archambeau, J. O.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Biochemical studies on the ocular lens in relation to cataractogenesis. Progress report, July 1, 1975--May 31, 1977. [X radiation]

Description: Further studies were undertaken to determkine whether ..gamma..-glutamyl cycle is involved in transporting amino acids from aqueous humor into the lens. Oxoproline levels in rabbit lenses cultured in the presence of methionine and a specific inhibitor of oxoprolinase (imidazolidone-carboxylic acid) and in lenses of rats injected with the inhibitor and the amino acid were found to be unaffected. Investigations of x-irradiated rabbit lenses have shown that the level of reduced glutatbione decreas… more
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Kinsey, V. E. & Reddy, V. N.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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