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in subjects: "300505 -- Fuel Cells-- Electrochemistry, Mass Transfer & Thermodynamics"

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Determination of optimum electrolyte composition for molten carbonate fuel cells

The objective of this study is to determine the optimum electrolyte composition for molten carbonate fuel cells. To accomplish this, the contractor will provide: (1) Comprehensive reports of on-going efforts to optimize carbonate composition. (2) A list of characteristics affected by electrolyte composition variations (e.g. ionic conductivity, vapor pressure, melting range, gas solubility, exchange current densities on NiO, corrosion and cathode dissolution effects). (3) Assessment of the overa… more

Date: January 1, 1987

Creator: Yuh, C. Y. & Pigeaud, A.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Development of improved cathodes for solid oxide fuel cells

The University of Missouri-Rolla conducted a 17 month research program focused on the development and evaluation of improved cathode materials for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC). The objectives of this program were: (1) the development of cathode materials of improved stability in reducing environments; and (2) the development of cathode materials with improved electrical conductivity. The program was successful in identifying some potential candidate materials: Air sinterable (La,Ca)(Cr,Co)O{su… more

Date: March 1, 1991

Creator: Anderson, H.U.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Determination of optimum electrolyte composition for molten carbonate fuel cells

Date: January 1, 1986

Creator: Pigeaud, A.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Fuel cell applied research: electrocatalysis and materials. Quarterly report, April 1-June 30, 1979

Topics studied include: (1) oxygen reduction and cyclic voltammetry on carbon supported platinum electrodes in 85% H/sub 3/PO/sub 4/; (2) oxygen reduction on platinum in 85% H/sub 3/PO/sub 4/ with small additions of trifluoromethane sulfonic acid or trifluoracetic acid; (3) overpotential characteristics of electrodes at interfaces with solid oxide electrolytes; and (4) oxygen diffusion through interconvection material in high temperature solid electrolyte fuel cells. Also, studies of phosphoric… more

Date: January 1, 1980

Creator: Srinivasan, S.; Isaacs, H. S.; McBreen, J.; O'Grady, W. E.; Olender, H.; Olmer, L. J. et al.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Fuel cells: applied research fuel cell materials and electrocatalysis. Annual report, January 1976--December 1976

Research is described on electrocatalysis of fuel cell reactions including the topics (1) mixed oxides as oxygen electrodes, (2) electrolyte effects on the oxygen reduction reaction, (3) anion effects on the oxygen reduction reaction, and (4) selection and evaluation of electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction in KHCO/sub 3//K/sub 2/CO/sub 3/ buffered electrolytes. Phosphoric acid fuel cell studies include inhibition of sintering of fuel cell catalyst particles: electrochemical methods for surface… more

Date: September 1, 1977

Creator: Srinivasan, S. & Isaacs, H. S.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Fuel cell applied research: electrocatalysis and materials. Quarterly report, January 1-March 31, 1979

In situ regeneration of surface areas of sintered carbon supported platinum electrodes in 85% H/sub 3/PO/sub 4/ at 150/sup 0/C was studied. The kinetics of oxygen reduction on platinum in trifluoromethane sulfonic acid was investigated. Overpotentials in solid oxide electrolyte fuel cells were studied. Results are presented and discussed. Also, a survey of the status of studies of phosphoric acid and molten carbonate fuel cells is described. (WHK)

Date: October 1, 1979

Creator: Srinivasan, S.; Isaacs, H. S.; McBreen, J.; O'Grady, W. E.; Olender, H.; Olmer, L. J. et al.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Determination of optimum electrolyte composition for molten carbonate fuel cells

Date: January 1, 1987

Creator: Yuh, C. Y. & Pigeaud, A.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Determination of optimum electrolyte composition for molten carbonate fuel cells

Date: June 1, 1988

Creator: Yuh, C. Y. & Pigeaud, A.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Determination of optimum electrolyte composition for molten carbonate fuel cells

Date: March 1, 1988

Creator: Yuh, C. Y. & Pigeaud, A.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Heat and mass transfer design issues in PEM fuel cell hardware

Dynamic moisture transport within polymeric electrolytes influences PEM fuel cell performance. Lowering electrolyte moisture content leads to decreased ionic transport rates, and other long term effects including polymer degradation. Results illustrate anode dehydration, the effect of water transport concurrent with the proton flux, is significant in single cells at current densities exceeding 500 ma/cm{sup 2}, and at higher temperatures. Evaporation and condensation to and from the gas phase c… more

Date: January 1, 1989

Creator: Nguyen, Trung; Hedstrom, J.C. & Vanderborgh, N.E. (Los Alamos National Lab., NM (USA))

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Performance model for molten-carbonate fuel cells. Quarterly report, 5 January-5 April 1979

Progress on the development of a performance model for molten carbonate fuel cells is reported. Key physical and chemical phenomena being modeled include mass transport, ohmic losses, electrode kinetics, fuel and oxidant utilization, gas phase convective heat transfer and inplane heat conduction through cell hardware. Numerical schemes have been developed and programmed to calculate overpotential versus current density curves for individual electrodes, the cell current density distribution, and… more

Date: January 1, 1979

Creator: Wilemski, G.; Wolf, T.; Bloomfield, D.; Finson, M. L.; Pugh, E. R. & Wray, K. L.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Characterization and development of a new ceramic electrolyte for fuel cell applications

This work consisted of research directed toward characterization and development of new solid electrolyte materials that are potentially superior to other solid electrolyte materials currently under development (such as yttria-stabilized zirconia). The solid electrolyte technology described herein is based on new ceramic materials generally described as Bismuth Oxide doped with Niobium or Yyyrium oxides that were exclusively licensed to Solid-State Fuel Cells, Inc. by CeramPhysics, Inc. The tec… more

Date: June 1, 1991

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Zirconia-based fuel cells for power generation

This paper reviews the design and operation of the high temperature solid oxide fuel cells based on yttria-stabilized zirconia electrolyte. The functional requirements of the various cell components are presented; and the materials and fabrication processes used for different cell components are described. Finally, the recent progress made toward commercialization of these cells for clean and efficient power generation is discussed.

Date: January 1, 1992

Creator: Singhal, S.C.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Yttria-stabilized zirconia solid oxide electrolyte fuel cells--- monolithic solid oxide fuel cells

The monolithic solid oxide fuel cell (MSOFC) is currently under development for a variety of applications including coal-based power generation. The MSOFC is a design concept that places the thin components of a solid oxide fuel cell in lightweight, compact, corrugated structure, and so achieves high efficiency and excellent performance simultaneously with high power density. The MSOFC can be integrated with coal gasification plants and is expected to have high overall efficiency in the convers… more

Date: October 1, 1990

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Performance Model for Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells. Quarterly Report, July 5, 1978 Through October 5, 1978

Progress on the development of a performance model for molten carbonate fuel cells is reported. Key physical and chemical phenomena have been identified for inclusion in the model. In some instances, mathematical analyses of these phenomena have been begun. A numerical scheme to calculate the cell current density distribution has been developed. The scheme accounts for CO utilization and nonisothermal temperature distributions in the cell.

Date: 1978-23~

Creator: Bloomfield, D.; Finson, M. L.; Wilemski, G.; Wolf, T. & Wray, K. L.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Performance model for molten carbonate fuel cells. Quarterly progress report, 5 October 1978 through 5 January 1979

Progress on the development of a performance model for molten carbonate fuel cells is reported. Key physical and chemical phenomena being modeled include mass transport, ohmic losses, electrode kinetics, fuel and oxidant utilization, and convective heat transfer. Numerical schemes have been developed and programmed to calculate overpotential versus current density curves for individual electrodes, the cell current density distribution, and the cell temperature distribution, neglecting the effec… more

Date: January 1, 1979

Creator: Wilemski, G.; Wolf, T.; Bloomfield, D.; Finson, M. L.; Pugh, E. R. & Wray, K. L.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Oxygen Electrodes for Energy Conversion and Storage. Annual Report II, 1 October 1978-30 September 1979

Progress is reported on the development of high performance oxygen electrodes for a spectrum of applications including industrial electrolysis, metal-air batteries and fuel cells. The research emphasizes the development of more effective electrocatalysts for both O/sub 2/ reduction and electrogeneration and the development of more effective electrode structures (particularly for O/sub 2/ cathodes) for utilizing these catalysts. It also includes the development of a predictive base to guide the … more

Date: January 1, 1979

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Molten carbonate fuel cell research at ORNL

The activities at ORNL during the period July 1976 to February 1977 on the molten carbonate fuel cell program, funded by the ERDA Division of Conservation Research and Technology, are summarized. This period marks the initiation of molten carbonate fuel cell research at ORNL, making use of the extensive background of expertise and facilities in molten salt research. The activities described include a literature survey on molten carbonates, design, acquisition and installation of apparatus for e… more

Date: May 1, 1977

Creator: Braunstein, J.; Bronstein, H. R.; Cantor, S.; Heatherly, D. & Vallet, C. E.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Effects of coal-derived trace species on the performance of molten carbonate fuel cells

The overall objective of the present study was to determine in detail the interaction effects of 10 simultaneously present, coal-gas contaminants, both on each other and on components of the Carbonate Fuel Cell. The primary goal was to assess underlying chemistries and reaction mechanisms which may cause decay in fuel cell performance or endurance as a result of both physics-chemical and/or mechanical interactions with the cell components and internal fuel cell parts. It was found, both from th… more

Date: October 1, 1991

Creator: Pigeaud, A.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Advanced fuel cell development. Progress report for January--March 1977.

Advanced fuel cell research and development activities at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) during the period January to March 1977 is described. Efforts have been directed toward understanding and improvement of molten carbonate electrolyte fuel cells operating at temperatures near 650/sup 0/C. A primary focus of the work has been on developing electrolyte structures which have high strength and conductivity, as well as good electrolyte retention, and on developing methods of synthesis for ele… more

Date: June 1, 1977

Creator: Ackerman, J P; Kinoshita, K; Sim, J W; Swaroop, R & Nelson, P A

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Water transport properties of fuel cell ionomers

We will report transport parameters measured for several available perfluorosulfonate membranes. The water sorption characteristics, diffusion coefficient of water, electroosmotic drag, and conductivity will be compared for these materials. The intrinsic properties of the membranes will be the basis of our comparison. An objective look at transport parameters should enable us to compare membranes without the skewing effects of extensive features such as membrane thickness. 8 refs., 4 figs., 2 t… more

Date: January 1, 1991

Creator: Zawodzinski, Thomas A., Jr.; Springer, Thomas E.; Davey, John; Valerio, Judith & Gottesfeld, Shimson

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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SOFC chromite sintering and electrolyte/air-electrode interface reactions

Air sintering of chromites was investigated in La(Sr)CrO[sub 3], La(Ca)CrO[sub 3], and Y(Ca)CrO[sub 3]. Effects of alkaline earth dopant level and chromium enrichment/depletion on chromite sintered densities and microstructures are discussed. Ac impedance spectroscopy and dc polarization coupled with an unbonded interface cell were used to examine SOFC (solid oxide fuel cells) electrochemical reactions at solid-solid-gas interfaces, particularly for La[sub 1-x]Sr[sub x]MnO[sub 3]. 5 refs.

Date: April 1, 1992

Creator: Bates, J. L.; Chick, L. A. & Youngblood, G. E.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department