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Internal Stresses in Laminated Construction

Description: "This report reviews the procedure employed in an investigation of the sources and influence of internal stresses in laminated construction, and discusses the influence of shrinkage and swelling stresses caused by atmospheric conditions upon the tensile strength across grain in laminated construction with special reference to airplane propellers. The investigation covered three sources of internal stress, namely, the combination of plain-sawed and quarter-sawed material in the same construction… more
Date: 1923
Creator: Heim, A. L.; Knauss, A. C. & Seutter, Louis
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Effect of fuel immersion on laminated plastics

Description: Report presenting the effects of cyclic and continuous immersion in heptane, toluene, and SR-6, a test fuel, on the weight, dimensions, and flexural properties of 19 samples of laminated plastics. No one sample exhibited smaller changes than all other samples in all properties for all fuels and for both cyclic and continuous immersion. Results regarding weight and dimensional changes and changes in flexural properties are provided.
Date: June 1951
Creator: Crouse, W. A.; Carickhoff, Margie & Fisher, Margaret A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Mechanical Properties of Five Laminated Plastics

Description: Note presenting results of mechanical tests of several laminated plastics, including canvas laminate molded at low pressure, grade-C canvas laminate, rayon laminate, paper laminate, and glass-fabric laminate. The following tests were performed: static tension, compression, and torsion tests; long-time creep tests at different stresses on specimens loaded in tension; fatigue tests of unnotched specimens in bending; fatigue tests of notched specimens in bending; fatigue tests in bending at temper… more
Date: August 1948
Creator: Findley, William N. & Worley, Will J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The Creep of Laminated Synthetic Resin Plastics

Description: "The long-time loading strength of a number of laminated synthetic resin plastics was ascertained and the effect of molding pressure and resin content determined. The best value was observed with a 30 to 40 percent resin content. The long-time loading strength also increases with increasing molding pressure up to 250 kg/cm(exp 2); a further rise in pressure affords no further substantial improvement" (p. 1)..
Date: November 1941
Creator: Perkuhn, H.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Static and Dynamic Creep Properties of Laminated Plastics for Various Types of Stress

Description: Note presenting creep tests of five laminated plastics to determine the relative creep properties of these materials when subjected to various types of static and dynamic stresses. Results regarding the static tests, repeated stress tests, and creep tests are provided. The results indicated that the relative values of the mechanical properties of the laminates in tension, compression, bending, and torsion are not in the same order for all types of tests.
Date: February 1947
Creator: Marin, Joseph
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Impact Strength and Flexural Properties of Laminated Plastics at High and Low Temperatures

Description: Note presenting the Izod-impact strengths and flexural properties of several types of plastic laminates, which are either in use or have potential application in aircraft structures and parts, and were determined at different temperatures. The materials investigated were unsaturated-polyester laminates reinforced with glass fabric and phenolic laminates reinforced with asbestos fabric, high-strength paper, rayon fabric, and cotton fabric.
Date: August 1946
Creator: Lamb, J. J.; Albrecht, Isabelle & Axilrod, B. M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Tensile and Compressive Properties of Laminated Plastics at High and Low Temperatures

Description: Note presenting a determination of the tensile and compressive properties of several types of plastic laminates, which are either in use or have potential application in aircraft structures and parts, at -70, 77, and 200 degrees Fahrenheit. The materials investigated were an unsaturated-polyester laminate with glass fabric as reinforcement and several phenolic laminates with asbestos fabric, high-strength paper, rayon fabric, and cotton fabric as reinforcements. Results regarding tensile proper… more
Date: July 1948
Creator: Lamb, J. J.; Boswell, Isabelle & Axilrod, B. M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Response of Homogeneous and Two-Material Laminated Cylinders to Sinusoidal Environmental Temperature Change, With Applications to Hot-Wire Anemometry and Thermocouple Pyrometry

Description: Note presenting an investigation of the problem of the responses of homogeneous and two-material laminated cylinders to sinusoidal environmental temperature changes. The results are applicable to situations in which small heat-transfer coefficient changes occur in the absence or presence of environmental temperature changes.
Date: September 1955
Creator: Lowell, Herman H. & Patton, Norman
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Some torsional-damping measurements of laminated beams as applied to the propeller stall-flutter problem

Description: The structural damping in the torsion mode of vibration of a series of untwisted, laminated thin beams simulating propeller blades is presented. The number of lamination were varied, as well as the bonding material and the method of joining lamination. Application of the data to the calculation of the minimum flutter speed of thin propeller blades indicates that appreciable gains in the minimum flutter speed may be obtained for laminated blades using a Cycleweld bond.
Date: April 29, 1953
Creator: Heath, Atwood R., Jr.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The Strength of One-Piece Solid, Build-Up and Laminated Wood Airplane Wing Beams

Description: The purpose of this report is to summarize the results of all wood airplane wing beams tested to date in the Bureau of Standards Laboratory in order that the various kinds of wood and methods of construction may be compared. All beams tested were of an I section and the majority were somewhat similar in size and cross section to the front wing beam of the Curtiss JN-4 machine. Construction methods may be classed as (1) solid beams cut from solid stock; (2) three-piece beams, built up of three p… more
Date: 1920
Creator: Nelson, John H.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Panel-flutter investigation at supersonic speeds of a pressurized structure fabricated of 0.020-inch-thick laminated glass-plastic

Description: Report presenting an exploration of the proposition that the structural weight of supersonic missiles should be reduced by the use of pressurized, thin-wall, glass-laminated shells. A model with this type of structure was investigated in the 8- by 6-foot supersonic wind tunnel to determine the minimum internal pressure necessary to prevent panel flutter. Results regarding the empty shell and shell containing liquid are provided.
Date: June 1, 1955
Creator: Leissler, L. Abbott
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Plastic Mountings for Aircraft Windshields

Description: Note presenting an investigation of several laminated glass windshields to determine their suitability for use in airplanes with pressurized cabins. The various constructions of the extended portions of the windshields which serve for mounting purposes included plastic alone, plastic and one sheet of glass extended, plastic extension reinforced with an aluminum strip, and plastic extension reinforced with a steel strip. The results indicated that the laminated windshields with plastic-mounting … more
Date: May 1944
Creator: Bradley, Kathryn H. & Axilrod, B. M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The Development of Electrical Strain Gages

Description: "The design, construction, and properties of an electrical-resistance strain gage consisting of fine wires molded in a laminated plastic are described. The properties of such gages are discussed and also the problems of molding of wires in plastic materials, temperature compensation, and cementing and removal of the gages. Further work to be carried out on the strain gage, together with instrument problems, is discussed" (p. 1).
Date: January 1940
Creator: de Forest, A. V. & Leaderman, H.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The Mechanical Properties of Wood of Different Moisture Content Within -200 Degrees to +200 Degrees C Temperature Range

Description: Systematic experiments were undertaken with special reference to the effect of gross specific weight (specific weight inclusive of pores) and the moisture content of wood. It was found that the modules of elasticity of wood at room temperature and frozen at -8 degrees is practically the same. The effect of moisture on the compression strength of frozen wood was explored as well as the flexural and impact strength of frozen wood and frozen laminated wood.
Date: September 1941
Creator: Kollmann, Franz
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Physical Properties of Synthetic Resin Materials

Description: "A study was made to determine the physical properties of synthetic resins having paper, canvas, and linen reinforcements, and of laminated wood impregnated with a resin varnish. The results show that commercial resins have moduli of elasticity that are too low for structural considerations. Nevertheless, there do exist plastics that have favorable mechanical properties and, with further development, it should be possible to produce resin products that compare favorably with the light-metal all… more
Date: March 1939
Creator: Fishbein, Meyer
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Preliminary Investigation of Graphite, Silicon Carbide, and Several Polymer-Glass-Cloth Laminates in a Mach Number 2 Air Jet at Stagnation Temperatures of 3,000 F and 4,000 F

Description: Memorandum presenting testing of several materials including graphite, silicon carbide, and a number of polymer-glass-cloth laminated constructions at temperatures of 3,000 and 4,000 degrees Fahrenheit in a laboratory-scale ceramic-heated air jet. The tests were made to utilize four possible mechanisms for the alleviation of the aerodynamic-heating problem of hypersonic aircraft, which included radiative heat transfer, pyrolysis, fusion, and mass-transfer cooling by ablation.
Date: January 9, 1958
Creator: Casey, Francis W., Jr. & Hopko, Russell N.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Resistance of transparent plastics to impact

Description: From Summary: "The problem of developing a windshield for aircraft which will withstand the effect of bird impacts during flight is a difficult one, as an estimate of the striking energy will indicate. If the average speed of the airplane is considered to be about 200 miles per hour and that of the bird about 70 miles per hour, the speed of the bird relative to the airplane may be as great as 400 feet per second. If a 4-pound bird is involved, a maximum impact energy of approximately 10,000 foo… more
Date: July 1939
Creator: Axilrod, Benjamin M. & Kline, Gordon M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Micarta Propellers 1: Materials

Description: Here, values for tension, compression edgewise of laminations, and transverse flatwise of laminations are given for Micarta made with various kinds of sheet material. The corresponding values for white oak are given for comparison. It was found by destructive and service tests that Micarta made with a good grade of cotton duck will give satisfactory service with most designs.
Date: August 1924
Creator: Caldwell, F. W. & Clay, N. S.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Synthetic Resins in Aircraft Construction - Their Composition, Properties, Present State of Development and Application to Light Structures

Description: This report gives a brief review of the properties that have been attained with the synthetic materials with which we are at present familiar. Results of investigations are presented as well as possibilities for construction applications. Endurance strength and bonding tests are also presented.
Date: November 1937
Creator: Riechers, K.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Coolant-Flow Calibrations of Three Simulated Porous Gas-Turbine Blades

Description: "An investigation was conducted at the NACA Lewis laboratory to determine whether simulated porous gas-turbine blades fabricated by the Eaton Manufacturing Company of Cleveland, Ohio would be satisfactory with respect to coolant flow for application in gas-turbine engines. These blades simulated porous turbine blades by forcing the cooling air onto the blade surface through a large number of chordwise openings or slits between laminations of sheet metal or wire. This type of surface has a finit… more
Date: March 20, 1951
Creator: Esger, Jack B. & Lea, Alfred L.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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A Study of Transparent Plastics for use on Aircraft, Special Report

Description: "Various transparent organic plastics, including both commercially available and experimental materials, have been examined to determine their suitability for use as flexible windshields on aircraft, The properties which have been studied include light transmission, haziness, distortion, resistance to weathering, scratch and indentation hardness, impact strength, dimensional stability, resistance to water and various cleaning fluids, bursting strength at normal and low temperatures, and flammab… more
Date: May 12, 1937
Creator: Axilrod, Benjamin M. & Kline, Gordon M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Material Properties of Two Types of Plastic-Bonded Glass Cloth

Description: Report discusses the results of tensile and compressive tests of two types of plastic-bonded glass cloth and their potential use in aircraft construction. The ultimate tensile stress and compressive yield stresses for the different materials are provided.
Date: December 1944
Creator: Rafel, Norman & Schuette, Evan H.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Comparative Tests of the Rolling Effectiveness of Constant-Chord, Full-Delta, and Half-Delta Ailerons on Delta Wings at Transonic and Supersonic Speeds

Description: Report presenting comparative tests of the rolling power of plain constant-chord, full-delta, and half-delta ailerons on delta wings with varying degrees of sweepback were tested on rocket-propelled test vehicles. Results regarding the effect of leading-edge sweepback, a comparison of rolling effectiveness, and comparison with theory are provided.
Date: December 12, 1949
Creator: Sandahl, Carl A. & Strass, H. Kurt
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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