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12 Proteomic Insights: Cryoadaptation of Permafrost Bacteria
Table 12.1 List of permafrost strains studied by proteomics approaches
Strain Origin (age) Location, Environmental References
collection date conditions
E. sibiricum Alluvium loam Khomus-Yuryakh 8m, -100C, Chong et al.
7-3 (VKM and sandy river; 68 19'N, pH 7 (2000)
B 2374) loam (30,000 154 58'E;
years) August 1989
E. sibiricum Lake-alluvium Bol'shaya 43.6m, -100C, Qiu et al.
255-15 loam and Chykochya river; pH 7.3 (2006)
(DSM sandy loam 69 10'N, 1580
17290) (3 million 4'E; July 1994
years)
P arcticus Alluvium sandy Malay Kon'kovaya 12.5 m; -100C, Zheng et al.
273-4 loam (30,000 river; 690N, pH 6.9 (2007)
(DSM years) 158 30'E;
17307) August 1997
P cryohalolentis Brine water Lake Yakutskoe; 24m, -11 C, Bakermans
K5 (DSM lens within 69 50'N, pH 7.4, et al. (2007)
17306) alluvial icy 159 30'E; salinity
complex August 1999 150g1-'
(43,000 years)
Sample description was adopted from Gilichinsky et al. (2005) and Vishnivetskaya et al. (2000,
2006)
Among them, 15 proteins synthesized at 160C were overexpressed at low tempera-
tures, eight CIPs were detected during growth at both 40C and -40C, and five CIPs
were specifically detected during growth at -4C. These negative temperature-
inducible proteins included:
The B subunit of F1/F0 ATP synthase, AtpF
The outer membrane efflux system protein, TolC
The elongation factor Ts, EF-Ts
A hypothetical protein with a bacterial Ig-like domain, Pcryo_1988, and
The outer membrane receptor for ferric citrate transport, FecA.
The drastic increase in relative abundance of these proteins at -40C, relative to
40C and 160C, suggest specific stress on energy production, protein synthesis,
and transport during growth at subzero temperatures. The efflux transporter
TolC (as AcrAB-TolC) has a broad substrate range, and transports antibiotics,
detergents, etc. suggesting an increased need to export potentially harmful
molecules at -40C.
12.2.2 Cold-Shock Proteins (CSPS)
CSPs comprise a family of small proteins that are structurally highly conserved,
bind to single-stranded nucleic acids and are involved in a variety of cellular
processes, such as transcription (Ermolenko and Makhatadze 2002). Bacterial171
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Qiu, Yinghua; Vishnivetskaya, Tatiana A. & Lubman, David M. Proteomic Insights: Cryoadaption of Permafrost Bacteria, book, January 1, 2009; Berlin Heidelberg, Germany. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc929525/m1/3/: accessed July 16, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.